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Parametric optimisation of microhardness on heat-treated electroless Ni-YSZ cermet coating

Bahiyah Baba N., Ghazali A. S., Abdul Rahman A. H., Sharif S

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2022

Vol. 112, nr 1

33--41

Purpose: The paper discusses the parametric optimisation of the electroless Ni-YSZ cermet coating microhardness upon heat treatment. Heat treatment is a process to increase the mechanical properties of the electroless nickel coating and it can be enhanced by manipulating its parameters. Parametric optimisation is conducted by the design of experiment full factorial 3x3 with 27 runs. Treating temperature, treating time and ceramic particle size parameters at 3-level are evaluated using statistical tool ANOVA in Minitab20. Design/methodology/approach: Ni-YSZ cermet coating is deposited onto a high-speed steel substrate using the electroless nickel co-deposition method. The temperature and time were varied in a range of 300-400°C and 0-2 hours respectively. The microhardness measurements were carried out using a Vickers microhardness tester (Shimadzu) according to ISO 6507-4. The surface characterisation was analysed using Cambridge Stereoscan 90 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDXA). Findings: The optimum condition in obtaining high microhardness on Ni-YSZ cermet coating is evaluated by statistical tool ANOVA in Minitab20 software. It is found that the most significant parameter for high microhardness is at the treating temperature of 400°C followed by treating time at 2 hours using nano-sized YSZ particles. The ceramic particle size is found not a significant parameter in obtaining a high microhardness, however it has effect on interaction between treating temperature and treating time. Research limitations/implications: The paper only limits to the optimisation condition of microhardness on Ni-YSZ cermet coating hardness property by varying heat treatment parameters. Practical implications: The optimisation condition obtained might only applicable to the electroless Ni-YSZ cermet coating with similar electroless nickel solution and treatments. Originality/value: The value of this work is the heat treatment parametric optimisation to obtain high microhardness on electroless Ni-YSZ cermet coating by using the design of experiment 3-level full factorial.

Comparison of composite laminates machining methods and its influence on process temperature and edge quality

Jaśkiewicz Robert

Transactions on Aerospace Research

2019

Nr 4 (257)

46--54

The article presents the description of technological trials and the results of three methods of machining carbon fiber reinforced composites panels. It also reviews the literature concerned heat affected zone in composites and its influence on material properties. As a part of the research, the cutting method using diamond coated saw was tested, as well as the milling method with two different types of carbide milling cutters. The processing of the panels was done using 4-axis CNC machine with special adapter for cutting discs in Composite Testing Laboratory (Center for Composite Technologies, Warsaw Institute of Aviation). The methods were compared in terms of machined edge quality and panel temperature during the processes. For this purpose, thermocouples were mounted into panels. Records from thermocouples were included. Edge quality and surface roughness have been checked by microscopic observation. Additionally, samples machined by each evaluated processing method were tested using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The method was used to determine the glass transition temperature of the tested material. The article conclusions contain a comparison of three processing methods in terms of cutting quality, process temperature, processing method productivity as well as DSC tests results.

W niniejszym artykule zawarto opis i rezultaty trzech metod obróbki materiałów kompozytowych wzmocnionych włóknami węglowymi. Artykuł zawiera przegląd literaturowy tematu wpływu ciepła podczas obróbki na właściwości obrabianych materiałów kompozytowych. W ramach wykonanych prób użyto tarczy z nasypem diamentowym i dwóch różnych frezów węglikowych. Testy zostały wykonane z użyciem 4-osiowego plotera frezującego z agregatem do tarcz tnącym w warsztacie Laboratorium Badań Kompozytowych w Instytucie Lotnictwa w Warszawie. Metody obróbki zostały porównane pod względem uzyskiwanej jakości krawędzi cięcia i temperatury podczas procesu. W artykule zawarto wykresy zapisów temperatury z termopar umieszczonych w panelach testowych. Jakość i chropowatość uzyskiwanych podczas cięcia powierzchni zostały porównane podczas obserwacji mikroskopowych. Dodatkowo wykonano testy sprawdzenia temperatury zeszklenia próbek z obrabianych obszarów z użyciem kalorymetru różnicowego. Wniosku artykułu podsumowują testy z uwzględniając rezultaty przeprowadzonych testów obróbki, wyniki DSC i możliwości produkcyjne.