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1 Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury / Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture
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Challenges and Issues in Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) Development in Iraq

Al-Bakri Maythm, Fairbairn David

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

2023

Vol. 17, no. 5

87--105

This paper addresses the nature of Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI), considered as one of the most important concepts to ensure effective functioning in a modern society. It comprises a set of continually developing methods and procedures providing the geospatial base supporting a country’s governmental, environmental, economic, and social activities. In general, the SDI framework consists of the integration of various elements including standards, policies, networks, data, and end users and application areas. The transformation of previously paper-based map data into a digital format, the emergence of GIS, and the Internet and a host of online applications (e.g., environmental impact analysis, navigation, applications of VGI data, governmental efficiency drives) have led to huge leaps forward in SDI development. However, SDI progress can be held back by numerous challenges, both technical and non-technical. The paper outlines these challenges from the perspective of the country of Iraq, where there is an absence of a clear direction towards efficient SDI operation and a lack of knowledge for establishing and managing effective SDI. These challenges could be met by considering and resolving generic issues, identified by the experiences of other nations, by researchers, and by organisations. These issues are investigated and assessed by means of a questionnaire survey and interviews, directed towards important participants in the field of SDI development in the country. The results present the SDI issues in order of relevance to assist developers and users in solving potential SDI and data integration problems within Iraq.

Technical and architectural problems in revitalisation of prefabricated residential complexes

Orchowska A.

Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury / Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture

2018

z. 65, nr 4

39--48

The subject of this paper are the issues connected with revitalisation of prefabricated residential complexes built in industrial technology. The article focuses on modernisation of prefabricated residential complexes in terms of architectural and technical issues of the buildings. The reason for this is the fact that there is a systematic improvement in the quality of housing environment and attractiveness of housing areas and also the issue of revitalisation should be popularized. Popularizing this subject in Poland serves to refute false information that the exploitation of these residential estates is coming to an end. Current research confirmed with the technical expertise on possibilities of further use and an unflagging interest in old ‘high-rise housing developments’ may be an encouragement for revitalisation works. In this paper the attention is paid to technical issues of the housing developments connected with building defects, exploitation damage, diagnosis and modernisation of the buildings and also the architectural possibilities of new solutions within revitalization. Additionally, the paper presents the results of the survey carried out among the residents concerning the architectural aspects of Sadyba residential estate in Warsaw and diagnosis of some problematic issues.