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EN
This paper shows that imaging and analysis of morphological features of the surface of modern structured abrasives in the pre-machining state can be carried out by means of electron microscopy supported by image processing and analysis techniques. The acquisition of SEM micrographs for active surfaces of the four (A6, A30, A65, A160 grades) monolayer abrasive discs 237AA (3M) with Trizact™ abrasive grains was carried out by the use of Quanta 200 Mark II (FEI Company) high-resolution scanning electron microscope. Visual analysis allowed for the observation of abrasive grains mainly in terms of the occurrence on their surface of various defects resulting from the technology of their production. For a parametric analysis, the authors used the Fiji 1.51s software (J. Schindelin et al.) which, in turn, made it possible to determine the values of the basic geometrical parameters characterizing the abrasive grains in the selected area of the active surface of assessed abrasive tool. The observation and measurement instruments used in the experimental studies described in this work and the proposed methodology may present an interesting alternative approach to the assessment of the surface morphology of advanced structured abrasives.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono analizę porównawczą skuteczności oddziaływania na obrabianą powierzchnię nowego rozwiązania narzędzia roboczego z dotychczas znanymi rozwiązaniami. Opisano strukturę analizowanej tarczy oraz założone trasy ruchu tarczy po obrabianej powierzchni. Wyniki przeprowadzonej analizy zostały pokazane w formie tabeli i wykresów skuteczności oddziaływania.
EN
In the article a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the influence on the worked surface of the new solution of the working tool was described with solutions so far known. A structure of the analysed shield and routes put on of the move of the shield were described by the worked area. Results of conducted analysis were shown in the form of a table and graphs of the effectiveness of the influence.
EN
The article presents the methodology of approach to the optimization of the geometrical form of a disk-type element for the treatment of surface by grinding, lapping, etc.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest metodyce konstruowania elementu obróbczego do zacierania i szlifowania powierzchni materiałów mineralnych. W metodyce uwzględniono wpływ parametrów efektywności oddziaływania na skuteczność obróbczą uzależnioną od geometrii elementu obróbczego i trasy ruchu po obrabianym materiale.
PL
W artykule omówiono metodykę konstruowania geometrii tarczowych i ich wpływ na obrabiane powierzchnie mineralne. Na wykresach przedstawiono wpływ formy geometrycznej na skuteczność oddziaływania na obrabianą powierzchnię. Analiza nowych konstrukcji tarczowych pozwala na uzyskanie większej równomierności obróbczej, zmniejszenie zużycia energii, poprawę jakości obrabianej powierzchni.
EN
The paper discuss the analysis of a new design of the circular grinding elements allows for greater uniformity of engineered, abraded or smoothed surface, reduction of energy consumption, quality improvement of the engineered surface and better work efficiency. The graphs exemplify the dependencies of particular geometric forms, sizes and speed of progression and the effectiveness on the processed surface.
5
EN
Purpose: Purpose of this paper was to understand the structure and chemical composition changes of gas metal arc welded joints of wear resistant plate with constructional steel plate with possible application as replacing material for reservoirs and chute in cement industry. Based on the experiment results presented it is clear that welding of wear resistant plate with constructional steel is possible, but special attention is needed during the welding process of the root. Design/methodology/approach: Wear resistant plates can be used for elements working in intensive abrasion resistance conditions to obtain considerable material and economical savings based on the manufacturing costs reducing and decreasing turnaround time for replacing worn parts. During the welding process of two materials, when one is wear plate and the other is steel plate significant structure changes and mixing of alloying components in weld area are observed. Findings: Based on the experiment results presented it is clear that welding of wear resistant plate with constructional steel is possible, but special attention is needed during the welding process of the root, most of important changes during welding of wear resistant material are connected with melting, mixing and carbides passage into weld area, non uniform chemical composition of the welded joint creates different microstructures with different hardness. Practical implications: Welding of wear resistant plate with constructional steel is possible, but special attention is needed during the welding process of the root. Root weld must be free of cracks and possibly free of intermixing with wear resistant plate material. Applying welding parameters described in the paper is possible to achieve free of cracks root, presence of crack in face weld is not important in term of wear resistance abilities of chute. Originality/value: Development of new generation materials, which allow intensive use in machine parts with extended life-time is clear in demand especially when considering the economic aspects. Technological progress of new materials and new solutions for the future should be carefully and precisely analysed.
EN
The paper discusses present condition of grinders in industry, methods of their inspection and repairs. AWD set for automatic balancing of grinding wheels and grinders /machines/ diagnosis was presented as a modern solution suggested for application to decrease costs and achieve high quality of production. For didactic aims the set is presented as AWD-DEMO to break by teaching generation barriers.
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