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Comparison of ORC and Kalina cycles for waste heat recovery in the steel industry

Milewski J., Krasucki J.

Journal of Power Technologies

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2017

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Vol. 97, nr 4

302--307

EN

This paper presents the results of a comparative study of waste heat recovery systems based on the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) and Kalina Cycle (KC) that could be applied to the steel industry. The simulations were performed for an electric arc furnace (EAF) steel mill and waste heat recovery system with saturated steam as a heat carrier. Commercial software ASPEN-HYSYS. was used to calculate system performances under different loads for ORC with different working fluids (butylobenzene, n-hexane, n-pentane) and for KC. Each case was optimized for maximum system efficiency. In terms of net system electric efficiency and electric power output, under nominal operating conditions similar performances were obtained for ORC with n-pentane working fluid and KC based systems. The highest system efficiency was observed for ORC with butylobenzene as working fluid, whereas the KC becomes competitive versus ORC for heat carrier temperatures of 200°C and above.

2

Prototype of the domestic CHP ORC energy system

Kicinski J., Zywica G.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2016

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Vol. 64, nr 2

417--424

EN

The Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery (IMP PAN) in Gdansk pursues its own research in fields such as technologies that use renewable energy sources efficiently, including in particular the small-scale combined heat and power (CHP) systems. This article discusses the design concepts for the prototype of small CHP ORC (organic Rankine cycle) energy system, developed under the research project. The source of heat is a boiler designed for biomass combustion. Electricity was generated using specially designed oil-free vapour micro-turbine. The turbo-generator has compact structure and hermetical casing thanks to the use of gas bearings lubricated by working medium. All energy system components are controlled and continuously monitored by a coherent automation and control system. The article also discusses selected experimental results conducted under laboratory conditions. Thermal-flow tests were presented that allow for an assessment of the operation of energy system components. Additionally, energy performance results of the turbo-generator were given including power obtained at various cycle parameters. The achieved results have shown that the developed energy system operated in accordance with design solutions. Electricity derived from the energy system prototype was around 2 kW, with boiler’s thermal power of 25 kW. The research has also confirmed that this system can be used in a domestic environment.

3

Investigation the effect of selected design and operating parameters on the dynamic properties of the steam micro turbine

Żywica G., Kiciński J.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Cieplne Maszyny Przepływowe - Turbomachinery / Politechnika Łódzka

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2014

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nr 145

123--125

EN

The topic of the article is the analysis of the influence of selected design parameters and operating conditions on the radial steam micro-turbine, which was adapted to operate with low-boiling agent in the system based on the ORC. In the following parts of this article the results of the thermal load analysis, the residual unbalance and the stiffness of bearing supports are discussed. Studies showed that the steam micro-turbine is characterized by very good dynamic properties and is resistant to extreme operating conditions. The prototype of micro-turbine has passed a series of test calculations. It has been found that it can be subjected to experimental research in the micro combined heat and power system.

4

Perspektywy wykorzystania układów ORC przy niskotemperaturowej energii odpadowej

Weisser P., Skotnicki P.

Prace Instytutu Ceramiki i Materiałów Budowlanych

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2010

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R. 3, nr 6

114-122

PL

Od niedawna w Polsce coraz bardziej znana jest technologia wytwarzania energii elektrycznej i ciepła w tzw. układach ORC - Organic Rankine Cycle. Jego ideą i główną zaletą jest możliwość wykorzystania mediów zasilających układ o niskich temperaturach. Poza tym uniwersalność systemu pozwala na wykorzystaniu go nie tylko przy dedykowanych zastosowaniach w układach z kotłami na biomasę czy geotermii. ale także przy różnorakim systemie odzysku ciepła odpadowego z procesów przemysłowych i energetycznych, szczególnie ciepła niskotemperaturowego czy energii solarnej. W obecnej chwili na rynku istnieje wiele typoszeregów jednostek ORC. Wychodząc jednak w kierunku energii odpadowej niskotemperaturowej - należy zastanowić się nad granicą stosowalności tychże układów oraz nad możliwościami optymalizacyjnymi i projektowymi jednostek.

EN

Recently in Poland much more popular has became the electricity and heat technology called systems ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle). Idea and the main advantage of this system is the ability to use the media supply system with low temperatures. Additionally, the universality of this system allows to use not only for dedicated applications in systems boilers for biomass and geothermal, but also to the manifold system, waste heat recovery from industrial processes and energy, especially low temperature heat or solar energy. At this moment the market offer a lot of ranges ORC units models. However going to the direction of low temperature waste energy, we should think about the applicability of these systems as well as optimization and design capabilitie of this units.