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EN
Widely understood protection of water, and in particular surface waters, most exposed to direct pollution, requires many operations carried out both in the catchment area and in sewage systems as well as wastewater treatment plants. Due to its character and working conditions, it should be monitored not only in terms of hydraulics, but also in terms of the quality of transported wastewater. During atmospheric precipitation, large volumes of domestic and industrial wastewater as well as rainwater in various proportions flow through the canals, changing not only their quantity but also their composition. In such cases, the issue of monitoring becomes particularly vital. The article presents an analysis of the needs and tasks resulting from the application of quantitative and qualitative monitoring in the assessment of the functioning of sewage systems. Methods and tools used in Lodz that may be useful in water protection are presented. The benefits of using this type of solutions as well as the limitations and difficulties are discussed.
EN
Municipal wastewater treatment plants are exposed to the inflow of toxic substances, which may hamper or even preclude their proper functioning, especially of the biological part. In the case of combined or hybrid sewer systems, additionally, in wet weather, there may appear a rapid inflow of a mixture of domestic and industrial sewage, and stormwater in an amount exceeding the capacity of the devices, causing the need to discharge parts of not fully treated wastewater through the bypass channel, which may reduce overall treatment effects. In such situations, the receivers are exposed to an inflow of increased amounts of pollutants, which on the one hand causes a threat to the aquatic environment, on the other, may result in administrative fines for the treatment plant resulting from non-compliance with the conditions of the water permit, as well as costs of removing the effects of failure. The article presents the concept of a monitoring, early warning and sustainable management system for the Lodz wastewater treatment plant, which will allow minimizing pollutant emissions to the aquatic environment. The system will be based on data from the municipal pluviometer network, measurement of flows in combines sewer overflows and newly built sewage quality monitoring stations equipped with on-line probes. The resulting data will allow to predict quantity and quality of inflow to the treatment plant, which will allow for an early warning about the dangers. In consequence decision-making to improve the safety of its operation will be possible.
EN
The paper presents the development of water supply networks and sewage systems in rural areas of Małopolskie and Podkarpackie Voivodeships in the Polish context. The scope of the thesis includes the analyses of length of water supply networks and sewage systems, number of people using them, number of water and sewage connections and volume of used water and volume of discharged sewage. The results of the study were presented in the graphs. The research material was taken from the reports on municipal infrastructure published by The Polish Central Statistical Office (GUS) for 2002-2012 and Local Data Bank (BDL) for 1995-2001. Though there has been a significant improvement in water supply and sewage systems, Poland will have great difficulty in meeting the requirements concerning their development in rural areas by 2015.
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