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1

Wpływ komponentów syntetycznych na właściwości paliwa do turbinowych silników lotniczych

Białecki Tomasz, Gawron Bartosz, Głąb Jadwiga

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2020

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T. 99, nr 3

391--396

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań właściwości dwóch komponentów syntetycznych i ich mieszanin z paliwem lotniczym pochodzenia naftowego, dopuszczonych przez normę ASTM D 7566 do stosowania w turbinowych silnikach lotniczych. Ponadto scharakteryzowano ścieżkę certyfikacji komponentów syntetycznych do stosowania w przemyśle lotniczym. Wyniki badań paliw testowych obejmowały wybrane parametry dotyczące m.in. odparowania, płynności, procesu smarowania oraz spalania.

EN

Paraffinic hydrocarbons from hydroprocessed esters and fatty acid (HEFA), synthetic paraffinic kerosene (alc. to jet ATJ) and their blends with fossil jet fuel were tested for d., viscosity (at –20°C and –40°C), fractional compn., arom. (esp. naphthalenes) compd. content, non-smoking flame height, flash point and lubricity. The min. required content of arom. compds. in mixts. was 8% by vol. An increase in the viscosity of mixts. with both HEFA and ATJ was obsd. as compared to fossil jet fuel. With an increase in the content of synthetic components in the mixts., the flash point and height of the non-smoking flame increased, but the content of naphthalenes decreased. The lubricity of fuels met the assumed requirements.

2

Impact of the additives used in mineral jet fuels on the lubricating properties of synthetic fuels for turbine aircraft engines

Dzięgielewski W., Kaźmierczak U., Kulczycki A., Ozimina D.

Journal of KONES

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2018

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Vol. 25, No. 2

121--128

EN

Hydrocarbon containing synthetic fuels represent a promising alternative fuels. Despite different chemical compositions, their properties should be similar to properties of mineral fuels, as they are designed for the same drive units. The basic parameter related to the protection of the adequate service life of the power supply devices, including precision pairs, is lubricity. Lubricity depends on a number of factors, including these related to the chemical composition of fuel components and operating additives introduced into fuels in order to modify their properties. The preliminary results of research on the effect of additives: lubricating, anti-corrosion and anti-electrostatic once, on the lubricating properties of a synthetic fuel are shown in the paper. It was observed that there are relations between the content of additives and the dynamics of film formation. It is significant that this does not apply only to the lubricating additive, but also the additive, which protects the correct electrostatic balance by providing sufficiently high electrical conductivity of the fuel. This may indicate that the formation of a lubricating film remains in relation to the intensity of energy transport from the lubricated surface to the molecules of lubricating additives inside the film. The results shown in the paper preliminary confirm the hypothesis, that synthetic components of fuels change the concentration of ordered molecular structures (which are present in mineral part of fuels and which can be responsible for energy transport inside the lubricating film), what resulted in worse fuel ability to create protective film, and anti-electrostatic additive improves lubricity of blends of synthetic and mineral components.

3

Kierunki zmian w technologiach i strukturze produkcji syntetycznych komponentów benzyn silnikowych

Molenda J.

Chemik

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2004

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Vol. 57, nr 8

292-297

PL

Przedstawiono wybrane informacje o kierunkach zmian w procesach produkcji syntetycznych komponentów benzyn silnikowych. Porównano ich przydatność w blendingu. Zwrócono uwagę na możliwość przestawienia instalacji MTBE na produkcję ETBE oraz na problem ulg podatkowych dla producentów benzyn zawierających bioetanol lub ETBE. Przedstawiono istotę przyszłościowego procesu alkilowania pośredniego, podkreślając ważność dalszego udoskonalania procesów alkilowania bezpośredniego.

EN

The selected informations regarding the trends of synthetic motor gasoline components production processes has been presented. Comparison was made of the usability of such components for gasoline blending operations. The reconstruction possibility of existing MTBE unit into ETBE production unit was also discussed including the possible tax reduction for the producers using ethanol and ETBE as motor fuels component. The future process based on indirect alkylation was analysed together with emphasising the importance of improved direct alkylation process.