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1 2023

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Sieci metalo-organiczne typu MOF jako przykład mateiałów wykorzystywanych w ukierunkowanej terapii przeciwnowotworowej

Samaszko-Fiertek Justyna, Khalatyan Alina, Dmochowska Barbara, Ślusarz Rafał, Madaj Janusz

Wiadomości Chemiczne

2023

[Z] 77, 1-2

35--53

MOF materials (metal-organic frameworks) are a relatively organic-inorganic (hybrid) materials. Due to very good adsorption properties, large specific surfaces and large pore volumes, these compounds are quite intensively studied, and the number of organic-inorganic hybrids obtained is growing year by year. Most MOF compounds are crystalline two- or three-dimensional organometallic structures. They are an example of hybrid materials that are made of both inorganic and organic component. The inorganic part is represented by metal ions/clusters, while the organic skeleton contains neutral or charged organic linkers [1-3]. The most common metal cations included in organometallic lattices are: Zn2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, Al3+ and Mg 2+. Organic ligands can be neutral, positively or negatively charged, but they must be primarily electron pair donors, which means that they have nitrogen or oxygen-containing functional groups in their structure. Ligands’ role is to stitch these building units together to create extended framework structures, while metal ions provide structural integrity and durability. These materials have a well-developed specific surface and a large pore volume (570-3800 m2/g). Thanks to the presence of coordination bonds in the structure, the skeletons of organometallic networks are flexible. Based on literature data, several methods of cancer treatment using MOFs are distinguished, e.g.: using passive targeting, active targeting, physicochemical targeting, and in a particular case using all three strategies (Fig. 2, Table 1) [12,13]. The ongoing work on the modification of the synthesized MOF structures based on zinc ions allows the preparing various types of cancer drugs based on their durability and high porosity. The ability to synthesize multifunctional Zn-MOFs is a new chapter in the design of chemotherapeutic agents. A particular example is ZIF-8. The combination of different strategies for the influence of the pH value of the environment or photochemical elements gives the opportunity to use the compounds in imaging and cancer diagnosis.