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Drivers’ workload measures to verify functionality of ferry boats boarding area

Gaetano Bosurgi, Stellario Marra, Orazio Pellegrino, Villari Massimo

Archives of Transport

2020

Vol. 56, iss. 4

7--17

Functionality of a square used for ferry boats boarding has repercussions on safety and comfort of users, as well as on the efficiency of maritime transport. Inadequate use of the infrastructure causes driving errors followed by corrective manoeuvres, loss of time and potential accidents with consequences for community and the maritime transport company. The wide diversification of traffic components and payment methods are generally managed through a traditional horizontal and vertical signage system that does not refer to any current legislation. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate driver's behaviour and the interaction that takes place between the latter and the environmental context. In particular, the authors focused on the study of the driver’s workload in a simulated environment, considering a users' sample and different driving scenarios inside the boarding area, concerning traffic conditions (isolated vehicle or presence of disturbing vehicles) and signs position. All this, in order to evaluate whether any change in a virtual context could bring real benefits to drivers, before being transferred to the real context. The results obtained, in terms of subjective workload and performance measures, have made it possible to judge the different solutions proposed in a simulated environment through synthetic indices referring to the entire boarding place or at certain parts of it. In this way, the manager can decide to change the circulation of the entire square or only some aspects of detail, such as some signals, in the event that they manifest an evident difficulty in the transfer of information. The use of the simulated environment allows greater speed in identifying the best solution, lower costs (avoiding the creation of a critical configuration for circulation) and greater user safety, since risky manoeuvres are identified and corrected by the simulator. The proposed procedure can be used by managers for a correct arrangement of the signs, for the purpose of correctly directing the flows and maximizing the flow rate disposed of.

Visualization in transportation - the effect of field of view on driver's perception of objects in dynamic road environment simulation

Żakowska L., Piwowarczyk M.

Journal Biuletyn of Polish Society for Geometry and Engineering Graphics

2016

Vol. 28

51--61

In order to properly study and analyze driver behavior in driving simulators, visualized environment has to be perceived properly by aforementioned driver. Displayed image generated during simulation is a visual representation of virtual road environment and one of properties of this image is field of view. Different values of horizontal and vertical field of view affects whether driver can accept generated image as an image closely reflecting real-world vision. Presented analysis is focused on testing how different horizontal field of view angles impact driver perception, based on series of images. Increase of horizontal field of view leads to more information of road environment located inside drivers' focused field of view, but can increase image distortion which leads to unrealistic road environment representation in simulation and to perception errors.

W celu poprawnych badań i analiz zachowań kierowcy w symulatorach jazdy, należy zapewnić odpowiedni odbiór wirtualnego środowiska przez kierowcę. Wyświetlany obraz generowany podczas symulacji reprezentuje wirtualne otoczenie drogi, a jedną z właściwości tego obrazu jest pole widzenia. Dopasowanie wartości pionowego i poziomego pola widzenia warunkuje akceptowalność obrazu przez kierowcę, jako odpowiadającego rzeczywistości. Przeprowadzona analiza skupia się na wpływie różnych wartości poziomego pola widzenia na postrzeganie kierowcy, opierając się na serii obrazów.