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Relationship between environmental innovation and sustainable outcomes – empirical evidence from Poland

Walecka-Jankowska Katarzyna, Mrzygłocka-Chojnacka Jagoda

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

2023

z. 170

577--593

Purpose: The article refers to a valid and current research area related to business sustainability. The main objective of this article is to identify the relationship between different types of environmental innovations and sustainable outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: For the needs of this article, the researches were conducted in 293 companies operating in Poland. In the course of the research, an additional division of environmental innovations derived from the Oslo Manual classification was taken into account, and the following were distinguished: environmental process innovations, environmental product innovations, environmental organizational innovations, and environmental marketing innovations. In addition, for the analysis of sustainable business performance, it was divided into economic, environmental, and social performance. The relation between the level of types of innovation and organizational outcomes is examined for each of these categories, and three models are presented. Findings: Empirical research confirmed that different types of environmental innovations are essential factors for sustainable outcomes and, as a result, their growth. Research also revealed differences and similarities between different sustainable outcomes and their relationship to innovations of different types. Research limitations/implications: First, although outcomes were measured using subjective indicators consisting of a limited number of items, using objective indicators or collecting data through in-depth interviews would have provided more detailed data. Second, increasing the size of the research sample and expanding the research to include companies operating in other countries (replication of research) would allow for generalization of the results, as the results obtained may be specific to companies operating in Poland. Originality/value: The main value of this article is a broad and holistic view, which made it possible to use the four types of environmental innovations and link them in the model to organizational outcomes and clarify the relationship between them. It seems crucial to take a systemic view of what innovations collectively build the model and to note that organizational innovation appears as an element present in each of the models obtained. Thus, it is an indication that organizational activities should support process, marketing, or product innovations to lead to sustainable results of environmental innovation implementation.