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1

Predictions of hazardous plastic waste amounts based on disposable face mask wearing habits

Cesoniene Laima, Simanaviciute Raimonda, Sileikiene Daiva, Bedla Dawid

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 59

275--282

EN

Since March 11, 2020, the global community has faced the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. In response, numerous countries, including the Republic of Lithuania, mandated the wearing of face masks to curb the virus’s spread. Yet, a section of the Lithuanian populace resisted this move, voicing concerns about the inconvenience of mask-wearing and potential privacy infringements. These concerns endured, even amidst debates on the masks’ effectiveness. This article explores how the Lithuanian public responded to mask-wearing protocols during the pandemic. Survey analysis highlighted a troubling trend: many individuals dispose of face masks with their regular trash, often without proper packaging. Most masks are sourced from pharmacies or are provided by employers and are typically thrown away after just one day of use. The data underscores a significant knowledge gap in correct mask disposal, as a significant portion ends up mingled with general household waste, without proper containment. Moreover, many people keep used masks in pockets or bags. Notably, during the pandemic, an estimated 2 mln adult Lithuanians may have generated roughly 15.24 Mg of hazardous plastic waste through mask disposal.

2

Environmental Awareness and Knowledge of Municipal Waste Management Among Inhabitants of Eastern Mazovia

Kuziemska Beata, Grużewska Agata, Wysokiński Andrzej, Pakuła Krzysztof, Pieniak-Lendzion Krystyna

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2021

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Tom 23

356--368

EN

The problem of municipal waste management is one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. Its solution requires the integrated involvement of central and local authorities as well as the public. For their actions to be fully effective, they must be accompanied by an increase in environmental awareness. The aim of the study was to assess the environmental awareness and knowledge of inhabitants of eastern Mazovia regarding municipal waste management. A survey study was carried out on a group of 262 individuals using a questionnaire. Analysis of the results showed that the surveyed inhabitants of eastern Mazovia were aware of problems associated with municipal waste management, but some of them were critical of the actions taken by central and municipal authorities to solve them. Their high level of environmental awareness and knowledge was evidenced by the fact that most of those surveyed were familiar with the principles of selective collection of municipal waste, including green and hazardous waste.

3

Transparent insulation materials market in Europe

Radziszewska-Zielina Elżbieta, Kuraj Filip

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2020

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Vol. 29, No. 3

377--387

EN

This paper presents the European market of transparent insulation materials as viewed by manufacturers. The objective of the study was to analyse the application of transparent insulation materials in the construction sector across Europe, determine the popularity of various technologies and materials used to manufacture them, the competition among transparent insulation manufacturers, investment in the development of new transparent insulation technologies, and trends in demand for transparent insulation in Europe. The analysis was performed on the basis of a survey of manufacturers. The use of transparent insulation is associated with high cost, yet the potential return on investment in the form of savings over the course of a building’s life-cycle convinces many potential developers to apply these materials. Based on the results of the survey, it can be concluded that European companies follow the increase in energy-efficiency and the transparent insulation market is prosperous, yet differs from country to country. It was observed that the positive perception of indirect heat gain transparent insulation systems was the most prevalent in Germany. The paper also explores the situation on the author’s domestic market – the Polish transparent thermal insulation market.

4

Nadwrażliwość elektromagnetyczna w Polsce – badania ankietowe

Tatoń Grzegorz, Kuterba Piotr, Lisowski Bartosz, Rok Tomasz, Rokita Eugieniusz

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2019

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R. 95, nr 12

224--228

PL

Celem projektu było rozpoznanie problemu nadwrażliwości elektromagnetycznej (EHS) w Polsce, zwłaszcza w kontekście stosowania komunikacji bezprzewodowej. Badania przeprowadzono z zastosowaniem ankiety.

EN

The aim of the project was to identify the electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) problem in Poland, especially in the context of the wireless communication applications. The project was performed as a survey study.

5

Ocena intensywności produkcji na trwałych użytkach zielonych w zrównoważonym systemie gospodarowania

Terlikowski J., Kozłowska A., Wesołowski P., Mendra M.

Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie

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2013

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T. 13, z. 4

145--162

PL

W ramach programu wieloletniego PW/6.1 prowadzono badania ankietowe, metodą wywiadu bezpośredniego, na podstawie których oceniano poziom intensywności produkcji na niżowych trwałych użytkach zielonych (TUZ) w zrównoważonym systemie gospodarowania. Do programu wybrano gospodarstwa, w których udział TUZ w strukturze użytków rolnych (UR) wynosił więcej niż 20%. Spośród ankietowanych warunek ten spełniło 20 gospodarstw. W gospodarstwach dominował kierunek chowu bydła mlecznego, kierunek mieszany (chów trzody chlewnej i bydła mlecznego, kierunek owczarsko-zbożowy) był reprezentowany rzadziej, a 20% gospodarstw prowadziło wyłącznie produkcję roślinną. Powierzchnia oraz proporcje między gruntami ornymi (GO) i TUZ w badanych gospodarstwach były zróżnicowane. W 40% gospodarstw udział TUZ w strukturze UR wynosił 40–90%. Łąki i pastwiska, podobnie jak GO, charakteryzowały się dużym zróżnicowaniem pod względem bonitacyjnej klasyfikacji gleb – najczęściej były położone na glebach najsłabszych. Poważne nieprawidłowości wystąpiły w gospodarowaniu nawozami naturalnymi – nie zawsze postępowano zgodnie z zasadami dobrej praktyki rolniczej, a dawki poszczególnych składników nie były obliczane według najnowszych wytycznych systemu doradztwa nawozowego. Badania wykazały potrzebę właściwego instruktażu i pomocy metodycznej ze strony doradców rolnych w zakresie lepszego rozpoznawania potrzeb nawozowych w poszczególnych siedliskach, w dostosowaniu do istniejących warunków przyrodniczych oraz potrzeb pokarmowych roślinności.

EN

The level of production intensity on lowland grasslands in sustainable farming system was assessed within the long-term programme PW/6.1 using the survey by direct interview. Farms in 7 provinces (pomorskie, warmińsko-mazurskie, podlaskie, świętokrzyskie, mazowieckie, łódzkie and lubelskie) participated in survey. The farms whose share of grasslands in agricultural lands (AL) exceeded 20% took part in the programme. Dairy production dominated in farms, mixed production was seldom represented and 20% of farms grew only plants. The area and proportion between arable lands and grasslands largely differed among the studied farms. In 40% of farms the share of grasslands in AL was between 40 and 90%. Proportion of meadows and pastures varied in relation to soil quality – most often they were situated on weakest soils. Inappropriate management of organic fertilizers was noted. Results of the study indicate the need of proper instruction and systematic advisors’ help regarding better evaluation of habitat conditions and analysis of plant requirements for nutrients in different habitats.

6

Towards expert-based modelling of integrated software quality

Radliński Ł.

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Computer Science

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2012

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Vol. 6, nr 2

13-26

EN

This paper reports on a part of a project aimed at building an probabilistic model for integrated software quality simulation and prediction. This paper discusses results of the questionnaire survey focused on gathering expert knowledge about the factors influencing various features of software quality. Specifically, this analysis identifies project and process factors of software quality, investigates relationships between quality features and their sub-features as well as priorities for quality features. The survey has been performed among software engineering experts and projects managers. Obtained results will be used to calibrate that model for software quality simulation and prediction. These results also partially deliver a general overview on how software quality features are perceived by industry.