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1 Makowska B.

1 2002

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Zmieniająca się rola ornamentyki w historii architektury na przykładzie Krakowa

Makowska B.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura

2002

R. 99, z. 1-A

83--105

Each of period in history of architecture puts the different aims for ornamentation. Romanesque decoration contains hidden symbols that serve both aesthetic and didactic aims. Development of sculpture decoration in gothic period lead to removal massive and protective character of buildings with formation of small details. Vertical gothic decoration unifies outer and inner space of the architectural form. Rennaissance ornamentation was a sign of a new style, it considerably preceded changes in the buildings structure. The richness of decoration in this period was the expression of social and cultural position of proprietors. Decorative forms were propagated by graphic pattern-books of ornaments and architectural orders. Baroque decoration was artificially stuck to the forms and interiors, it filled an empty spaces with richness of materials and colours (horror vacui). Rococo ornamentation became much more relaxed, nonsymmetrical, braking conventional schemes of surface division. A tendency to harmony, static balance and symmetry of the forms dominated in classical decoration. Ornament in architecture is an essential element, although its role is secondary and complementary. Making decorations is a last step in creation of a good form. Ornamentation has always helped to read the relation of forms to specific time, culture and to recognise the style and fashion. Ornaments, together with the other means of expression, constitutes a kind of historical continuity, so that it is an important source of inspiration in creation of architecture.