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1
Content available remote A method of predicting the secondary protein structure based on dictionaries
EN
The shape of a protein chain may be analyzed at different levels of details. The ultimate shape description contains three-dimensional coordinates of all atoms in the chain. In many cases, a description of the local shape, namely secondary structure, is enough to determine some properties of proteins. Although obtaining the full threedimensional (3D) information also defines the secondary structure, the problem of finding this precise 3D shape (tertiary structure) given only the amino acid sequence is very complex. However, the secondary structure may be found even without having the full 3D information. Many methods have been developed for this purpose. Most of them are based on similarities of the analyzed protein chain to other proteins that are already analyzed and have a known secondary structure. The presented paper proposes a method based on dictionaries of known structures for predicting the secondary structure from either the primary structure or the so-called structural code. Accuracies of up to 79% have been achieved.
2
Content available remote Structural codes - relationship between science and practice
EN
The theory of structural reliability becomes a powerful scientific tool used for the development of new standards, and alternatively for the direct verification of new and existing structures. It is demonstrated that recently revised national and international standards for structural design including ISO standards and Eurocodes are already based on probabilistic concepts, mathematical statistics and on the theory of structural reliability. The background documents of Joint Committee on Structural Safety (JCSS) constitute a common basis for defining design rules relevant to the construction, use and verification of wide majority of buildings and civil engineering works. The key role in the design of new and particularly in assessment of existing structures is played by the target reliability level and the concept of reliability differentiation. Further, the scientific bases formed by the First Order Reliability Methods (FORM) provide effective methods for probabilistic code calibration based on the concept of limit states in conjunction with the partial factors methods. Foreseen future development and revisions of the present structural codes presuppose systematic use of the probabilistic theory of structural reliability.
PL
Polska literatura związana z językiem UML doczekała się znacznej liczby publikacji związanych ze specyfikacją języka UML. Nieliczne spośród nich koncentrują się na praktycznych aspektach użytkowania tego języka w kontekście zastosowania narzędzi CASE oraz metodyki RUP. Artykuł poświecono prezentacji ścieżki przejścia od założeń wyrażonych przypadkami użycia do strukturalnego kodu źródłowego systemu informatycznego. Punkt 1 podsumowuje podstawowe zagadnienia związane z językiem UML oraz melodyką RUP. Punkt 2 przedstawia zakres transformacji. Punkt 3 ilustruje przejście od wymagań do kodu na przykładzie systemu wspomagania realizacji projektów informatycznych.
EN
There are many manuals explaining language specification among UML-related books. Only some of books mentioned concentrate on practical aspects of using the UML language in effective way using CASE tools and RUP. The current paper presents transitions from system requirements specification to structural source code, useful while developing an information system.
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