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Description of strength of wood composite in compound state of load

Kyzioł L.

Journal of KONES

2017

Vol. 24, No. 3

161--165

All constructions are subject to the most compound loads and therefore a suitable effort hypothesis should be used for their calculation. For anisotropic materials, a hypothesis should be used to describe the properties of such materials. In the work have been shown the strength of the layers composite on the example of construction wood in a compound stress state. Wood composite is an orthotropic material. Wood is composed of alternating layers of soft wood and hard wood. Single layers are monotropic material. The use of a stress hypothesis, which describes the strength of an orthotropic material, requires will make an investigation. Studies is purposed to determine the tensile strength along and across the fibres. The compressive strengths along and across the fibres and the shear strength. Particularly the determination of shear strength requires special tooling so that in the case of flat samples in the measuring part it is possible to determine the shear stresses. Therefore, a research stand was designed and constructed. Known stress hypotheses for anisotropic materials have been analysed. The analysis showed that the strength of the wood composite could be described by the Tai-Wu stress hypothesis. Based on the results of the research, numerical calculations were performed. Calculations allowed determining the distribution of stresses in the sample measuring part. The results tests and numerical calculations have shown that obtaining a homogeneous stress (shear) condition for anisotropic materials is very difficult. Wood belongs to materials whose mechanical properties depend on many parameters, so the description of the effort of this material is a compound issue. Studies have shown that wood reinforcement by polymer saturation is best suited to the compressed loaded structures.