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The Leading Role of Aluminium in the Growing Production of Castings Made of the Non-Ferrous Alloys

Soiński M. S., Jakubus A.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 21, iss. 3

33--42

EN

The paper presents changes in the production volume of castings made of non-ferrous alloys on the background of changes in total production of casting over the 2000-2019 period, both on a global scale and in Poland. It was found that the dynamics of increase in the production volume of castings made of non-ferrous alloys was distinctly greater than the dynamics of increase in the total production volume of castings over the considered period of time. Insofar as the share of production of the non-ferrous castings in the total production of castings was less than 16% during the first two years of the considered period, it reached the level of 20% in the last four years analysed. This share, when it comes to Poland, increased even to the greater degree; it grew from about 10% of domestic production of castings to over 33% within the regarded 2000-2019 period. The greatest average annual growth rate of production, both on a global scale and in Poland, was recorded for aluminium alloys as compared with other basic non-ferrous alloys. This growth rate for all the world was 4.08%, and for Poland 10.6% over the 2000-2019 period. The value of the average annual growth rate of the production of aluminium castings in Poland was close to the results achieved by China (12%), India (10.3%) and the South Korea (15.4%) over the same period of time. In 2019, the total production of castings in the world was equal to about 109 million tonnes, including over 21 million tonnes of castings made of non-ferrous alloys. The corresponding data with respect to Poland are about 1 million tonnes and about 350 thousand tonnes, respectively. In the same year, the production of castings made of aluminium alloys was equal to about 17.2 million tonnes in the world, and about 340 thousand tonnes in Poland.

2

Badania wpływu grubości warstwy skrawanej i cieczy obróbkowej na kształt wiórów w procesie skrawania ortogonalnego

Bławucki S., Zaleski K.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Mechanika

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2017

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z. 89 [295], nr 3

285--294

PL

Artykuł prezentuje sposób powstawania wiórów dla wybranych stopów metali nieżelaznych z zastosowaniem specjalnego stanowiska do skrawania ortogonalnego. W pracy przeprowadzono pomiary wizyjne strefy skrawania z wykorzystaniem kamery do obserwacji zjawisk szybkozmiennych, w celu analizy etapów procesu kształtowania się wióra. Dokonano identyfikacji kształtu powstałych wiórów przy skrawaniu ortogonalnym i zmiennej grubości warstwy skrawanej z użyciem cieczy smarujących oraz w warunkach skrawania bez smarowania. Wyniki badań mogą służyć do weryfikacji i walidacji modeli numerycznych skrawania ortogonalnego stopów metali nieżelaznych.

EN

This article presents the method of chip formation for selected non-ferrous metal alloys using a special device for orthogonal cutting. To analyze the stages of the chip forming process the measurements of cutting zone were carried out using a video camera for recording quick-change phenomena. The shape of chips formed at orthogonal cutting was determined for the variable depth of cut and under fluid lubrication and dry cutting conditions. The results of research can be used to verify and validate numerical models of orthogonal cutting of non-ferrous metal alloys.

3

Trends in the Production of Castings in the World and in Poland in the XXI Century

Soiński M. S., Kordas P., Skurka K.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 16, iss. 2

5--10

EN

The paper presents data concerning the total production of castings over the 2000-2014 period, both on a global scale, and in Poland. The basic types of casting alloys were taken into account. Changes in the production volume and structure over the period of the analysed 15 years were pointed out with respect to countries leading in foundry production. The topmost position in the world foundry industry is held by China for several years (with almost 45% share in the foundry market), the second place is taken by India (with almost 9% share). A distinct reduction in the shares of the once significant producers of castings, such as USA, Japan, Germany, Russia, Italy, or France, was observed over the 2000-2014 period. Poland had a share of 1.16% in 2000, and of 1.02% in 2014. Comparing the detailed data concerning the years 2000 and 2014, one can see that the fractions of castings made of ductile iron, cast steel, aluminium alloys, or magnesium alloys increase on a global scale, while such alloys as grey cast iron or malleable are in decline.

4

Production of Castings in the World and in Selected Countries from 1999 to 2013

Soiński M. S., Jakubus A., Kordas P., Skurka K.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 15, iss. 1 spec.

103--110

EN

The paper compares the foundry production in years 1999-2013 on a world scale, in countries counted among the leading producers of castings, and in Poland. Various types of foundry alloys were taken into account. It was found that the position of China – the leader in the world production of castings – was not changed over many years, however China's share in the total production of casting has stabilised at the level of 42-44% during the recent five years. In the analysed period of time Poland increased the share in the world production of castings from 1.07% to about 1.23%, so that Polish production of castings was almost doubled. There is a tendency on the world scale that the grey cast iron fraction in the total production of castings decreases, while an increase occurs as far as spheroidal graphite cast iron, cast steel, and aluminium alloy castings are concerned.

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Materials for Conveyor Pouring Ingot Moulds of Non-Ferrous Alloys

Volchok I. P., Jakovlev A. J.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2007

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Vol. 52, iss. 3

525-528

EN

Researches on increase of graphite steel mechanical properties and thermal stability were executed with the purpose of its application for conveyor pouring ingot moulds of non-ferrous alloys. Influence of copper on structure, shape of graphite inclusions and parameters of thermostability of steel are investigated. It is shown, that alloying by copper in quantity of 1.2-1.8% results in essential increase in strength and thermal stability, and also in decrease of graphite steel scale formation at temperatures 750-900C .

PL

Zbadano zmiany właściwości mechanicznych i stabilności termicznej stali grafitowej, w celu ich zastosowania przy odlewaniu stopów metali nieżelaznych do wlewnic. Przeanalizowano wpływ miedzi na strukturę i kształt wtrąceń grafitowych, a także parametry stabilności termicznej stali. Wykazano, że dodanie miedzi do stopów w ilości 1.2-1.8% powoduje znaczny wzrost wytrzymałości i stabilności termicznej a także ogranicza powstawanie zgorzeliny w temperaturach 750-900C.

6

Tolerancje ogólne odlewów

Sikora M.

Archiwum Odlewnictwa

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2005

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R. 5, nr 17

263--272

PL

W pracy przedstawiono analizę literatury dotyczącej tolerancji ogólnych odlewów oraz poziomów zwyczajnej dokładności warsztatowej w zakresie wytwarzania w zakładach obróbki skrawaniem. W jej wyniku opracowano uogólnioną propozycję poziomów zwyczajnej dokładności odlewni oraz tolerancji wymiarowej i dokładności wykonania odlewów. Dotyczy ona odlewów z żeliwa i stopów metali nieżelaznych wykonywanych w formach piaskowych, kokilowych, ciśnieniowych oraz metodą traconych modeli. Propozycja ta może stanowić podstawę normy dotyczącej wytwarzania odlewów.

EN

In this paper an analysis of literature respecting general tolerances of castings and levels of ordinary workshop accuracy in the range of production in machining plants hale been presented. In its result generalized proposition of ordinary accuracy of foundry, the dimensional tolerance and the accuracy of castings production have been elaborated. It concerns cast iron and non-ferrous castings fabricated in sand, permanent and pressure moulds and by lost models method. This proposition can the basis of the standard concerning fabricate of castings.

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Procesy topienia stopów metali nieżelaznych a wyłożenia ogniotrwałe jednostek piecowych. Cz. 2. Materiały ogniotrwałe w metalurgii i przetwórstwie cynku

Lachowski M., Wesołowski J., Stuczyński T., Geryń W.

Ceramika. Materiały Ogniotrwałe

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2001

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R. 53, nr 2

53-56

PL

Zaprezentowano ogólne dane dotyczące trwałości materiałów ogniotrwałych stosowanych w krajowym przetwórstwie miedzi, cynku i aluminium oraz ich stopów. Omówiono oddziaływanie składników stopowych ciekłego metalu na materiały ogniotrwałe. Podano przykłady wad powstających podczas eksploatacji materiałów ogniotrwałych. Przedstawiono kierunki zmian konstrukcyjnych, które powinny zapobiec przyśpieszonemu zużyciu wyłożenia ogniotrwałego w piecach przemysłu metali nieżelaznych.

EN

Data on the resistance of refractory materials used in copper, zinc, aluminum and their alloys processing in Poland were presented. The impact of liquid metal alloy components on refractory materials was discussed. Examples of defects oceurred in the use of refractory materials were presented. Constructional changes that should prevent accelerated wear of refractory Iining of furnaces in non-ferrous metallurgy were focused on.