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Deterioracja kamiennych obiektów budowlanych : główne czynniki i procesy

Ruszkowski Michał, Wiszniewska Janina

Przegląd Geologiczny

2019

Vol. 67, nr 9

703--709

The condition of stone building objects is determined by many physicochemical factors and destructive processes. All stone materials are subject to natural aging, losing many of their primordial properties. The destructive processes and decline of the stone quality are termed the "deterioration ” (Latin: deterior - worse). This definition is close to that of rock weathering. However, weathering and deterioration are two different concepts. Weathering is a large-scale process related to large rock masses located in a geological environment. By contrast, deterioration refers to processes destroying a stone material, which has already been treated with stonework. The most known field of research for the deterioration processes are all historical old monuments. It is assumed that the deterioration reaches such a depth as those influenced by changes that take place on the stone object surface during the adsorption of solar radiation and deep penetration of oxygen and carbonated water, coming from infiltration of atmospheric precipitation or surface water. The most prominent factors of deterioration are caused by temperature changes, crystallization pressure of salts dissolved in water, gaseous pollutants and dust contained in the air, wind, hail and snow action, adsorption of acidic chemical substances, and dust particles, activity of microorganisms, fungi and lichens living on surfaces of monuments.

Wstępne wyniki badań nad pochodzeniem siarki z wykwitów gipsowych powstających w budowlach zabytkowych Warszawy

Kasperowicz E., Słaby E., Kościński M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

2004

Vol. 52, nr 3

223-228

Sulphates belong to the most frequent compounds found in deteriorated stone monuments. The sources of sulphur within urban agglomeration area are diverse. Many of them are characterised by different sulphur speciation. The aim of this study was to determine the origin of the sulphur from sulphate minerals, formed due to deterioration of daubed resistive wall in the Wilanów Park, mainly gypsum. The mineral phase composition as well as their chemical composition has been determined. The chemical composition of the salts is highly correlated with that of rainfall, which in turn seemed to influence the sulphur isotopic fractionation. Rainfall seems also to be the main source of sulphur. 34S for nine samples has been estimated. The data obtained show narrow value range. The data alone do not allow precise identification of the main source of sulphur in the sulphate minerals.