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1
Content available Eigenvalues assignment in uncontrollable linear systems
Kaczorek Tadeusz
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
|
2022
|
Vol. 70, nr 6
art. no. e141987
EN
It is shown that in uncontrollable linear system x = Ax + Bu it is possible to assign arbitrarily the eigenvalues of the closed-loop system with state feedbacks u = Kx, K ∈ ℜn⨉m if rank [A B] = n. The design procedure consists in two steps. In the step 1 a nonsingular matrix M ∈ ℜn⨉m is chosen so that the pair (MA,MB) is controllable. In step 2 the feedback matrix K is chosen so that the closed-loop matrix Ac = A − BK has the desired eigenvalues. The procedure is illustrated by simple example.
2
Content available Controllability of linear convex combination of linear discrete-time fractional systems
Kaczorek Tadeusz, Klamka Jerzy, Dzieliński Andrzej
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
|
2022
|
Vol. 70, nr 5
art. no. e143102
EN
In this paper the controllability properties of the convex linear combination of fractional, linear, discrete-time systems are characterized and investigated. The notions of linear convex combination and controllability in the context of fractional-order systems are recalled. Then, the controllability property of such a linear combination of discrete-time, linear fractional systems is proven. Further, the reduction of an infinite problem of transition matrix derivation is reduced to a finite one, which greatly simplifies the numerical burden of the controllability issue. Examples of controllable and uncontrollable, single-input, linear systems are presented. The possibility of extension of the considerations to multi-input systems is shown.
3
Content available Conceptual approach to select parameters of hydrostatic and mechanical transmissions for wheel tractors designed for agricultural operations
Taran I., Bondarenko A.
Archives of Transport
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2017
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Vol. 41, iss. 1
89--100
EN
As a result of theoretical and experimental efforts, innovative scientifically grounded conceptual approach to select hydrostatic and mechanical transmissions (HMT) for wheel tractors designed for agricultural operations has been proposed. The approach is characterized by focusing on kinematic parameters, power parameters, and energy parameters of the transmission while performing technological operation “plowing”; it also takes into consideration braking features of a tractor in the context of various braking types. Application of the approach offers an opportunity to improve technical level of transmissions while updating current wheel tractors and designing new ones; moreover, that will better controllability as well as braking efficiency. The conceptual approach developed on the basis of proposed techniques and applied mathematical models makes possible to determine rational structure and basic design parameters of two-flow HMTs while designing; it also helps formulate recommendations concerning a technique for service braking and emergency braking under specific operational conditions.
4
Content available Banach fixed-point theorem in semilinear controllability problems – a survey
Klamka J., Babiarz A., Niezabitowski M.
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
|
2016
|
Vol. 64, nr 1
21--35
EN
The main aim of this article is to review the existing state of art concerning the complete controllability of semilinear dynamical systems. The study focus on obtaining the sufficient conditions for the complete controllability for various systems using the Banach fixedpoint theorem. We describe the results for stochastic semilinear functional integro-differential system, stochastic partial differential equations with finite delays, semilinear functional equations, a stochastic semilinear system, a impulsive stochastic integro-differential system, semilinear stochastic impulsive systems, an impulsive neutral functional evolution integro-differential system and a nonlinear stochastic neutral impulsive system. Finally, two examples are presented.
5
Content available Pomiar wartości opóźnienia hamowania dla sprawnego i niesprawnego układu hamulcowego samochodu osobowego
Owczarz M., Witkiewicz M., Taryma S.
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
|
2015
|
R. 16, nr 6
182-185
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań: sprawny układ hamulcowy i niesprawny układ hamulcowy. Pomiary opóźnienia hamowania przeprowadzono na suchej nawierzchni asfaltowej. Wykonano układ, który rozszczelnia przewód hamulcowy przy przednim prawym kole w czasie jazdy. Wykonano symulację wycieku płynu hamulcowego.
EN
The article presents the results: the efficient braking system and the malfunction braking system. Deceleration measurements were carried out on dry asphalt. The system which breaches the brake line at the front right wheel while driving was made. The simulation of the leak of the brake fluid was made.
6
Content available Wpływ wartości ciśnienia w oponach drogowo-terenowych na opóźnienie hamowania samochodu terenowego
Owczarz M., Witkiewicz M., Taryma S.
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
|
2012
|
R. 13, nr 5
376-379
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań obniżenia i podwyższenia ciśnienia opon terenowych typu AT (All Terrain) na opóźnienie hamowania samochodu terenowego Land Rover Discovery I bez układu ABS. Pomiary opóźnienia hamowania przeprowadzono na suchej nawierzchni asfaltowej. Przedstawiono wykresy, jak wpływa obniżenie i podwyższenie ciśnienia w ogumieniu kół przedniej i tylnej osi na opóźnienie hamowania uwzględniając siłę nacisku na pedał hamulca.
EN
The article presents the results of reduction and increase in off-road tire-pressure type AT (All Terrain) on the deceleration of SUV Land Rover Discovery I without the ABS system. Deceleration measurements were carried out on dry asphalt. Graphs present how lowering and increasing the pressure in the tires of wheels in front and rear axle effects on braking delay taking into account the pressure on the brake pedal.
7
Wyznaczanie charakterystyk sterowności samochodu
Janczur R., Struski J.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Świętokrzyskiej. Mechanika
|
2004
|
Z. 79
213-223
PL
Do wyznaczenia charakterystyk sterowności samochodu wykorzystany został matematyczny, dwuśladowy model samochodu, stosunkowo prosty w porównaniu do strukturalnych modeli stosowanych w badaniach z zakresu dynamiki ruchu samochodu. Przeprowadzono parametryzację modelu za pomocą charakterystyk współpracy koła ogumionego z jezdnią, kinematycznych zawieszeń, elastyczności skrętnej mechanizmu prowadzenia kół kierowanych oraz zależności reakcji pionowych jezdni na koła i przechyłu bocznego nadwozia od przyspieszenia poprzecznego. Istotną zmianą w porównaniu do poprzednio opublikowanych opracowań na temat wyznaczania charakterystyk sterowności jest to, że do parametryzacji modelu został wykorzystany bezpośrednio matematyczny model współpracy opony z nawierzchnią jezdni TM-easy.
EN
In the paper the method of determining the parameters of the steady state car movement by means of functional two-trace vehicle model in the form of the nonlinear algebraic equation, and utilizing the model of the tyre-road interaction TM-easy is presented. Steerability characteristics of the tested car was prepared with use the recommended area for positions of their graphs for RSV car. In the area also comparable experimental characteristics are presented. The characteristic in the form of graphs was made too according to the standard PN-ISO 8855.
8
Wpływ położenia środka masy na sterowność samochodu - wyniki badań
Janczur R., Świder P.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Świętokrzyskiej. Mechanika
|
2004
|
Z. 79
227-235
PL
Charakterystyki sterowności samochodu bezpośrednio wpływają na bezpieczeństwo czynne i wyznaczane są w ustalonych warunkach ruchu krzywoliniowego. W artykule podano wyniki badań drogowych samochodu FIAT 125p, w którym zmieniano położenie środka masy poprzez odpowiednie obciążanie pojazdu. Badano niezbędne parametry ruchu, umożliwiające określenie zależności kątów znoszenia osi i pojazdu od położenia środka masy. W artykule zamieszczono uzyskane wyniki badań, ich przeliczenia oraz ilościowy wpływ położenia środka masy na charakterystyki sterowności samochodu.
EN
Car steerability characteristics directly affect vehicle active safety. They are determined in fixed conditions of curvilinear motion. In the article the results of road tests for car FIAT 125p have been presented. During the tests COG position was changed by various loading of the vehicle. Essential parameters of motion by which the dependence of axle and vehicle slip angles on COG position are defined was tested. The article includes presentation of the tests results, their analysis and quantitative effect of COG position on car steerability characterics.
9
Thrust vectoring in high-manoeuvrability aircraft
Błachnio J.
Systems : journal of transdisciplinary systems science
|
2004
|
Vol. 9, Sp. 2/1
38-50
EN
The paper has been intended to discuss the present-day trends in the field of developing the jet engine's thrust control concepts using various design solutions. What has been described is thrust control by means of additional flaps (jet tabs), rectangular nozzle as well as rotational and segmented axisymmetric nozzles. The output of research projects, with various solutions in the field of dirust control in high-manoeuvrability military aircraft applied, has also been presented.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono kierunki rozwoju sterowania ciągiem silnika odrzutowego za pomocą różnych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych. Scharakteryzowano sterowanie za pomocą dodatkowych klap, dyszy prostokątnej oraz dysz osiowo-symetrycznych obrotowych i segmentowych. Przedstawiono wyniki realizacji programów badawczych z zastosowaniem różnych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych sterowania ciągiem samolotów wojskowych o dużej manewrowości.
10
Content available remote Exact controllability for the semilinear string equation in non cylindrical domains
Araruna F. D., Antunes G. O., Medeiros L. A.
Control and Cybernetics
|
2004
|
Vol. 33, no 2
237-257
EN
In this paper, we investigate the exact controllability for a mixed problem for the equation u^n - [...] + f(u) = 0 in a non cylindrical domain. This model, without the resistance represented for f(u), is a linearization of Kirchhoff's equation for small vibrations of a stretched elastic string when the ends are variables, see Medeiros, Limaco, Menezes (2002). We employ a variant, due to Zuazua (1990b), of the Hilbert Uniqueness Method (HUM), idealized by Lions (1988a, b).
11
Analityczno-eksperymentalna metoda badań sterowności samochodu
Janczur R., Struski J.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Świętokrzyskiej. Mechanika
|
2002
|
Z. 76
207-222
PL
Podstawą opracowanej metody jest matematyczny, dwuśladowy funkcjonalny model samochodu stosunkowo prosty w porównaniu do strukturalnych modeli, przeznaczonych do symulacji ustalonego i nie ustalonego ruchu samochodu. W modelu uwzględnione zostały charakterystyki: ogumienia, kinematyczne zawieszeń, elastyczności skrętnej mechanizmu prowadzenia kół kierowanych oraz zależności: reakcji pionowych jezdni na koła i przechyłu bocznego nadwozia od przyspieszenia poprzecznego. Wykresy charakterystyk sterowności wyznaczone za pomocą opracowanej metody zawarte są w obszarze wykresów uzyskanych na podstawie wyników badań eksperymentalnych. Opisana metoda umożliwia wyznaczanie charakterystyk sterowności w zakresie dużych prędkości jazdy i może być wykorzystana do weryfikacji skomplikowanych modeli w zakresie ustalonego ruchu samochodu.
EN
The foundation of the worked out method is a mathematical, double-track and functional car model which is relatively simple in comparison to the structural models intended for simulation of steady and unsteady car motion. The characteristics of tires, suspension kinematics, and suspension steer complance, lateral load transfer and body roll angle as function of car lateral acceleration were taken into account in the model. The steering characteristics determined using the presented method agrees well with characteristics estimated on the basis of road experiments. The described method enables determining of car handling characteristics in the high speed range and can be utilized for a preliminary verification of complicated models in steady-state conditions.
12
Content available remote Controllability of discrete-time infinite-dimensional linear systems
Żebrowska-Suchodolska D.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Białostockiej. Matematyka, Fizyka, Chemia
|
2001
|
Z. 20
99--106
EN
Discrete-time infinite-dimensional linear control systems, with one-dimensional output, are studie 1. They are described by infinite matrices with finite columns i.e. columns whh finitely many nonzero elements. Conditions of controllability of such systems are given.
PL
Zbadano nieskończenie wymiarowe liniowe układy sterowania z dyskretnym czasem i jednowymiarowym wyjściem. Opisane są one przez nieskończone macierze ze "skończonymi kolumnami", tzn. kolumnami mającymi skończenie wiele niezerowyrh elementów. Warunki na sterowalność takich układów zostały podane.
13
Content available remote Exact Controllability of an Elastic Membrane Coupled With a Potential Fluid
Hansen S.
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
|
2001
|
Vol. 11, no 6
1231-1248
EN
We consider the problem of boundary control of an elastic system with coupling to a potential equation. The potential equation represents the linearized motions of an incompressible inviscid fluid in a cavity bounded in part by an elastic membrane. Sufficient control is placed on a portion of the elastic membrane to insure that the uncoupled membrane is exactly controllable. The main result is that if the density of the fluid is sufficiently small, then the coupled system is exactly controllable.
14
Content available remote Linear Quadratic Control Problem With Fixed Final State for Discrete-Time Distributed Systems
Chraibi L., Karrakchou J., Ouansafi A., Rachik M.
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
|
2000
|
Vol. 10, no 3
517-535
EN
The problem considered is that of minimizing a quadratic cost functional for a discrete distributed system with fixed initial and final states. It is shown that under suitable controllability assumptions, there is a close relationship between this problem and that of exact controllability with minimization of a time-varying energy criterion. The HUM technique is then extended to treat the exact controllability problem in the time-varying case and applied to provide an explicit form for the optimal control and the optimal cost.
15
Content available remote Regional Gradient Controllability of Parabolic Systems
Zerrik E., Boutoulout A., Kamal A.
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
|
1999
|
Vol. 9, no 4
767-787
EN
The purpose of this paper is to show for parabolic systems how one can achieve a final gradient in a subregion w of the system domain W. First, we give a definition and delineate some properties of this new concept, and then we introduce the concept of regionally gradient strategic actuators. The importance of the spatial structure and location of the actuators in achieving regional gradient controllability is emphasized. Consequently, we concentrate on the determination of a control which would realize a given final gradient on w with minimum energy. The developed approach is original and leads to numerical algorithms for constructing optimal controls. This approach is also illustrated by an example.
16
Content available remote Approximate Controllability Properties of the Semilinear Heat Equation With Lumped Controls
Khapalov A. Y.
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
|
1999
|
Vol. 9, no 4
751-765
EN
In this article, we study the global controllability properties of aone-dimensional semilinear heat equation with sublinear reaction term, governed in a bounded domain by internal lumped controls. We prove thatit is possible to exactly control any finite dimensional portion of its solution (when expanded along the sequence of the eigenfunctions of the associated Laplacian), provided that the truncated linear equationis approximately controllable in L^2 (0,1). We also describe a certain topology (weaker than L^2 (0,1)) in which this system is, in fact, globally approximately controllable at any positive time. Some extensions to the case of several dimensions are also given.
17
Content available remote Controllability of second-order semilinear infinite-dimensional dynamical systems
Klamka J.
Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
|
1998
|
Vol. 8, no 3
459-470
EN
In the paper, the approximate controllability of semilinear abstract second-order infinite-dimensional dynamical systems is considered. It is proved by using the frequency-domain and functional-analysis methods that the approximate controllability of second-order semilinear dynamical system can be verified by the approximate controllability conditions for a simplified suitably-defined firstorder linear dynamical system. General results are then applied to a semilinear mechanical flexible-structure vibratory dynamical system. Some special cases are also considered. Moreover, remarks and comments on the relationships between different concepts of controllability are given. The paper extends the results presented in (Klamka, 1992; Triggiani, 1978) to a more generaI class of second-order abstract dynamical systems.
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