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1
Content available Numerical investigations of transient thermal loading of steam turbines for SMR plants
Banaszkiewicz Mariusz
Archives of Thermodynamics
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2023
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Vol. 44, no 4
197--220
EN
One of the well-known technologies that fit well into the goal of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is nuclear energy. In particular, the change in approach to the design and construction of nuclear power plants led to the development of small modular reactors (SMRs), which are characterized by a broader range of possible applications than large nuclear reactors and the ability to flexibly operate as per load demand. This paper presents an analysis of the thermal loads of a steam turbine rotor operating in a power plant with SMR. Steam-water cycle and turbine train of a 300 MW unit are presented. High-pressure steam turbine rotor and its thermal loading due to varying steam conditions are investigated for a cold startup designed with consideration of the thermal characteristics of nuclear reactors. It was shown by numerical simulations that steam condensation on rotor surfaces plays a crucial role in determining its thermal behaviour. Comparison with conventional rotors has shown that the thermal loading of nuclear turbine rotors is lower and more stable than that of conventional turbines.
2
Content available Determining steam condensation pressure in a power plant condenser in off-design conditions
Laskowski Rafał, Smyk Adam, Ruciński Adam, Szymczyk Jacek
Archives of Thermodynamics
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2021
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Vol. 42, no 3
45--62
EN
The paper presents formulas which can be used to determine steam condensation pressure in a power plant condenser in off-design conditions. The mathematical model provided in the paper makes it possible to calculate the performance of the condenser in terms of condensing steam pressure, cooling water temperature at the condenser outlet, and condenser effectiveness under variable load conditions as a function of three input properties: the temperature and the mass flow rate of cooling water at the condenser inlet and the mass flow rate of steam. The mathematical model takes into account values of properties occurring in reference conditions but it contains no constant coefficients which would have to be established based on data from technical specifications of a condenser or measurement data. Since there are no such constant coefficients, the model of the steam condenser proposed in the paper is universally applicable. The proposed equations were checked against warranty measurements made in the condenser and measurement data gathered during the operation of a 200 MW steam power unit. Based on the analysis, a conclusion may be drawn that the proposed means of determining pressure in a condenser in off-design conditions reflects the condenser performance with sufficient accuracy. This model can be used in optimization and diagnostic analyses of the performance of a power generation unit.
3
Rola ukształtowania kanału dolotowego na rozpływ pary w skraplaczu energetycznym
Rusowicz A.
Rynek Energii
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2012
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Nr 5
87--91
PL
W pracy zaprezentowano wpływ kanału dolotowego pary do skraplacza energetycznego. Analizę oparto na wynikach z symulacji numerycznej przeprowadzonej dla skraplacza SF-11420-R. Wykorzystano model dwuwymiarowy oparty na założeniu pojedynczego kontinuum w ustalonych warunkach procesu. Wewnątrz skraplacza przepływa mieszanina idealna pary wodnej nasyconej i gazów niekondensujących. Pęk rur traktowany jest jako złoże porowate. Przeanalizowano wyniki rozpływu pary w skraplaczach dla dwóch konfiguracji przekrojów obliczeniowych skraplacza.
EN
In this paper the effect of the steam distribution inlet passage in power condensers is presented. The analysis is based on the results of a numerical simulation performed for the condenser type SF-11420-R. A two-dimensional single-continuum-based model under given process conditions was used. An ideal mixture of saturated steam and non-condensing gases flows inside the condenser. The tube bundle is considered as a porous deposit. The results of the steam distribution in condensers were analysed for two calculation cross-sectional area configurations of the condenser.
4
Content available remote Wykraplanie się wilgoci w pomieszczeniach zamkniętych magazynu zrębków leśnych
Szaflik W.
Instal
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2012
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nr 11
22-25
PL
W referacie omówiono problem wykraplania się pary wodnej w pomieszczeniach zamkniętych magazynu zrębków leśnych. Opisano metody eliminowania tego zjawiska. Dokładnie omówiono jedną z tych metod. Padano przykładowe wyniki obliczeń.
EN
The paper presents the problem of steam condensation in closed store – room for wood chips. The methods of this effect elimination are described. One of this methods is precisely described. The examples of results of calculations are shown.
5
Content available remote Thermal Resistance of Steam Condensation in Horizontal Tube Bundles
Grzebielec A., Rusowicz A.
Journal of Power Technologies
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2011
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Vol. 91, nr 1
41-48
EN
This paper presents calculated heat transfer coefficients for water vapor condensation on horizontal tubes. The influence of vapor, cooling water and noncondensable gases properties on heat transfer process are presented. Two types of condensers are analyzed. One of them is a power plant condenser; the second is an absorption refrigerator condenser where the working pair is water and Lithium Bromide (LiBr). Results for tubes selected from different places in tube banks from both types of condensers are compared.
6
Content available remote Phenomenological model of steam condensation containing non-condensable gases on a single, non-inundated horizontal tube
Drożyński Z.
Archives of Thermodynamics
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2006
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Vol. 27, no. 4
67-78
EN
Presented is a two-dimensional model of steam condensation on a non-inundated horizontal tube. The model takes into account heat transfer through a thermal boundary layer consisting of the film of condensate flowing down the heat transfer surface, and the gas part of the layer being the steam-air mixture. Results are presented of calculations of the condensation process as a function of tube length. The analysis was performed for different variants of free and forced convection. The obtained results of calculations were compared with the cases of real condenser tubes in operation in the installation of 200 MW power units.
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