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1

The importance of selected demographic factors in municipal waste management

Klufová Renata, Skibiński Andrzej

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2024

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Vol. 29, No. 1

161--181

EN

The publication presents the possibilities of using selected demographic variables as a source of knowledge to predict the amount of municipal waste. This may be important in the adaptation process of selecting the optimal technology for recycling and waste disposal. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the relationship of selected demographic variables with the generation of municipal waste based on the example of a pilot proprietary survey conducted in the Czech Republic. Advanced statistical methods were used in the pilot study to verify the research hypotheses. The presented research results clearly show that many parameters characterizing socio-demographic factors, such as age, disposable income or type of inhabited real estate, may be of great importance, affecting the amount of municipal waste and the effectiveness of its selective collection. In addition, the use of multivariate statistical analysis based on the CATPCA method made it possible to show in more detail the relationship between the age of the respondent and their approach to waste management.

PL

W publikacji przedstawiono możliwości wykorzystania wybranych zmiennych demograficznych jako źródła wiedzy do prognozowania ilości odpadów komunalnych. Może to mieć znaczenie w procesie adaptacyjnym wyboru optymalnej technologii recyklingu i unieszkodliwiania odpadów. Dlatego też celem badań było określenie związku wybranych zmiennych demograficznych z wytwarzaniem odpadów komunalnych na przykładzie pilotażowego, autorskiego badania ankietowego przeprowadzonego w Czechach. W badaniu pilotażowym wykorzystano zaawansowane metody statystyczne w celu weryfikacji postawionych hipotez badawczych. Zaprezentowane wyniki badań wyraźnie pokazują, że wiele parametrów charakteryzujących czynniki społeczno-demograficzne, takich jak wiek, dochód do dyspozycji czy rodzaj zamieszkałej nieruchomości, może mieć ogromne znaczenie, wpływając na ilość odpadów komunalnych i efektywność ich selektywnej zbiórki. Dodatkowo zastosowanie wieloczynnikowej analizy statystycznej opartej na metodzie CATPCA pozwoliło na bardziej szczegółowe ukazanie zależności pomiędzy wiekiem respondenta a jego podejściem do gospodarki odpadami.

2

Deformations of soil masses under the action of human-induced factors

Kuzlo Mykola, Moshynskyi Viktor, Zhukovska Nataliia, Zhukovskyy Viktor

Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska

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2024

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T. 14, nr 1

111--114

EN

Significant changes in the stress-strain state cause a change in the soil profile of the massif, which is affected by various physical and chemical factors. In particular, groundwater filtration, mass transfer, heat transfer, dissolution and leaching of soil masses. This can lead to various types of accidents. Therefore, the study of the stress-strain state of the soil massif is an important topic. Nonlinear dependences in the form of polynomials of the modulus of deformation and Lame coefficients on the concentration of salt solutions and their temperature have been received in this research based on experimental research and their statistical processing. This allowed improving the mathematical model of the stress-strain state of the soil taking into account the nonlinear deformation processes occurring in the soil masses under the presence and filtration of saline solutions in non-isothermal conditions.

PL

Znaczące zmiany stanu naprężeniowo-odkształceniowego powodują zmianę profilu glebowego masywu, na który wpływają różne czynniki fizyczne i chemiczne. W szczególności filtracja wód gruntowych, przenikanie masy, przenoszenie ciepła, rozpuszczanie i wymywanie mas glebowych. Może to prowadzić do różnego rodzaju wypadków. Dlatego ważnym tematem jest badanie stanu naprężeniowo-odkształceniowego masywu glebowego. W niniejszych badaniach otrzymano nieliniowe zależności w postaci wielomianów modułu odkształcenia i współczynników Lame’a od stężenia roztworów soli i ich temperatury w oparciu o badania eksperymentalne i ich obróbkę statystyczną. Pozwoliło to na udoskonalenie modelu matematycznego stanu naprężeniowo-odkształceniowego gruntu uwzględniającego nieliniowe procesy odkształceń zachodzących w masach gruntu pod wpływem obecności i filtracji roztworów soli w warunkach nieizotermicznych.

3

Analiza możliwości zastosowania sztucznej inteligencji do grupowania profili dobowych zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną w Krajowym Systemie Elektroenergetycznym (KSE)

Piotrowski Paweł, Trybułowska Ewelina

Elektro Info

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2024

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nr 4

34--40

PL

W artykule przedstawiono analizę statystyczną wieloletnich danych (wartości godzinowe zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną) z KSE oraz analizę możliwości zastosowania sztucznej sieci neuronowej samoorganizującej się (Self Organizing Map) do podziału dobowych profili zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną w KSE. Artykuł kończy podsumowanie oraz wnioski z wykonanych analiz statystycznych oraz badań związanych z zastosowaniem SOM do grupowania profili zapotrzebowania na energię.

EN

The article presents a statistical analysis of long-term data (hourly values of electricity demand) from the NPS and an analysis of the possibility of using a self-organizing artificial neural network (Self Organizing Map) to divide daily profiles of electricity demand in the NPS. The article concludes with a summary and conclusions from the conducted statistical analyses and studies related to the application of SOM for clustering electricity demand profiles.

4

Experimental and statistical determination of thermal characteristics of the special design minichannel heat exchanger

Tychanicz-Kwiecień Maria, Rybiński Witold Rajmund

Archives of Thermodynamics

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2024

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Vol. 45, no 2

63--71

EN

The paper presents the results of experimental investigation and the new statistical method for the determination of preliminary thermal characteristics of a prototype compact minichannel heat exchanger with laminar flows and significant heat transfer in the manifolds. The exemplary heat exchanger consists of 9 straight, parallel, square-shaped channels and two rectangular-shaped manifolds milled on both sides of the single aluminium plate. The design of the investigated heat exchanger is quite particular, as the heat transfer area of both pairs of manifolds provides almost 1/3 of the total heat transfer area. In the new statistical method presented in this paper, the manifolds’ and channels’ heat flows are considered separately. The heat exchanger’s thermal characteristic was obtained statistically on the basis of the experimental results and is presented in the form of the overall heat transfer rate. The developed thermal characteristic model accounts for two effects, among many others, which may affect heat transfer in the exchanger, i.e. the heat loss to the ambient and the significant heat transfer in the manifolds. It is proved that the heat transfer to the surroundings was negligible due to the suitable thermal insulation. In order to demonstrate that the heat transfer in the manifolds is significant, two calculation variants are presented. The relative differences (residuals) between the experimental and statistically corrected heat transfer rates and the coefficient of determination R2 are determined in both variants. In the first variant the heat transfer in the manifold pairs is neglected and in the second model it is included. It was observed that the lack of consideration of the heat transfer in the manifold pairs provides drastic dispersion between the experimental and statistical results. In turn, in the second model, where the manifolds are accounted for, a significant enhancement in the consistency of the results is noticed. The relative residuals are much lower, and the corresponding coefficient R2 is improved from R2 = 0.8827 in the first variant to R2 = 0.9335 in the second one, respectively.

5

The Effect of Re Content on Microstructure and Creep Resistance of Single Crystal Castings Made of Nickel-Based Superalloys

Gancarczyk Kamil, Albrecht Robert, Kawalec Małgorzata, Kościelniak Barbara, Gradzik Andrzej, Szeliga Dariusz, Kawalec Andrzej, Ziaja Waldemar, Motyka Maciej

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no 1

291--305

EN

In this work the effect of crystal structure perfection on the creep resistance of single crystal superalloys. The CMSX-4 and CMSX-4®Plus with increased Re content is analyzed. Single crystal rods are made by directional solidification process at the withdrawal rates 3 and 5 mm/min. The evaluation of microstructure and crystal structure perfection are carried out by light microscopy and X-ray diffraction Ω-scan methods. Creep tests are performed according to ASTM E-139-11 standard at the temperature of 982°C. Mathematical models for the creep resistance of the models are developed for both investigated superalloys. The influence of the crystal structure on the the investigated superalloys are built and the steady state creep rates are determined. Creep strength of both superalloys are compared. The results show that the CMSX-4®Plus nickel superalloy exhibits nearly two times higher creep resistance compared to the conventional CMSX-4 one.

6

The influence of mineral additives and sands on the performance of self-compacting sand concretes

Djoual Belkacem, Kettab Ratiba Mitiche, Ghrieb Abderrahmane, Bouziani Tayeb, Zaitri Rebih

Advances in Materials Science

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2024

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Vol. 24, nr 1(79)

104--126

EN

The chosen plan for our case study is a network mixture design consisting of 21 mixtures. The application of this method has proven to be immensely useful in studying the influence of composition parameters (composite design) and the utilization of various types of mineral additives (mixture design). The application of the Design of Experiments (DOE) method, based on a statistical approach, allowed for a better understanding of the effect of formulation parameters, including the proportion of alluvial sand (75%), dune sand (25%), the total amount of sand kept at constant percentages, the dosages of brick powder, limestone filler and ceramic powder (all varying from 0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 %, and 100 %), while keeping the dosage of superplasticizer and the water/binder ratio constant. This approach helped to understand the interactions between these parameters and their impact on the process. Mathematical models relating the variations of these parameters to the workability and compressive strength of such concrete mixtures have been established. The results obtained show that the workability of SCSC (expressed by slump flow and V-funnel flow) improves with the increase in the dosage of limestone filler (FC), brick powder (PB), and ceramic powder (PC), with element having a different impact, be it alone or in a combination. Moreover, they all improved the behavior of SCSC in both the fresh and hardened states. The experiment shows that increasing the proportions of FC and PC in the mixture, whether linear, binary, or ternary, leads to a significant improvement in compressive strength. Furthermore, better strength is observed in the ternary mixture at 28 days, with a strength of 43 MPa, with the following proportions (FC 70%, PB 20%, PC 10%). Finally, the result at 180 days of 48 MPa confirms the following proportions (PC 60 %, FC 30 %, PB 10 %) The compliance of some SCSC compositions was tested according to the recommendations of the French Association of Civil Engineering.

7

Assessment of the production process organization in the metal industry - case study

Mielczarek Krzysztof

System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment

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2023

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Vol. 5, iss. 1

266--275

EN

The article provides a detailed case study illustrating the practical application of BOST surveys while focusing on the third principle of Toyota. This particular principle underscores the importance of achieving an even distribution in production to mitigate fluctuations and ensure the smooth functioning of the production process. The article delves into a comprehensive analysis of how this principle is implemented in real-world scenarios, exploring its effects on production efficiency and elucidating the advantages gained from the elimination of downtime and the prevention of excessive inventory buildup. Moreover, the article offers a discussion on examples of applications across various industries, shedding light on practical strategies for implementing the third Toyota principle. The goal is to not only optimize production processes but also enhance flexibility and adaptability to evolving demand patterns. The article concludes by examining the pivotal role of this principle within the broader context of operational excellence and the development of more efficient production systems. The research in focus centers around a company operating in the metal industry. Through the utilization of BOST questionnaire surveys, production workers within the company expressed their perspectives, revealing which factors they deemed most crucial. The analysis of research results takes various forms, including tables, histograms, radar charts, and several statistical tools. The overarching objective of this analysis is to identify and present the most critical factors by constructing significance sequences based on the obtained results. The findings obtained for small and medium-sized enterprises align with results from similar tests conducted in different business settings, indicating a level of consistency and applicability across various organizational contexts.

8

Zanieczyszczenie powietrza w opiniach młodzieży na podstawie badań z użyciem metod i narzędzi statystyki matematyczne

Kosman Jolanta, Mroczyńska Karolina

Rynek Energii

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2023

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Nr 6

71--80

PL

Polska należy do państw o najbardziej zanieczyszczonym powietrzu w Europie. Jest w ścisłej czołówce krajów europejskich ze względu na osiągane poziomy stężeń pyłów zawieszonych PM10 i PM2,5 oraz notuje najwyższe w Unii Europejskiej stężenia średnioroczne kancerogennego i mutagennego benzo(a)pirenu. Główną przyczyną złej jakości powietrza jest spalanie węgla i drewna w małych instalacjach grzewczych (domowych piecach, kotłach, kominkach itp.). Do rozwiązania tego problemu konieczne jest powszechne stosowanie niskoemisyjnych i zeroemisyjnych, w tym odnawialnych źródeł energii. Bardzo ważny jest także wysoki poziom wiedzy i świadomości ekologicznej oraz akceptacja społeczna dla działań naprawczych, także wśród młodzieży. W związku z tym w marcu 2023 r. w Bydgoszczy, która również zmaga się z problemem złej jakości powietrza (w mieście znajduje się około 20 tys. źródeł ciepła na paliwa stałe, dane z dnia 23.02.2023), przeprowadzono badanie ankietowe, którego celem było sprawdzenie poziomu wiedzy i świadomości ekologicznej młodzieży w zakresie zanieczyszczenia powietrza, w tym także prawnych narzędzi walki ze smogiem – lokalnych uchwał antysmogowych. Bezpośrednim impulsem do przeprowadzenia tych badań był nadchodzący termin wprowadzenia kluczowych zapisów uchwały antysmogowej w województwie kujawsko-pomorskim, tj. zakazu używania instalacji grzewczych poniżej trzeciej klasy, w których spalane są paliwa stałe z dniem 01.01.2024. Do analizy wyników i we wnioskowaniu zastosowano metody i narzędzia statystyki matematycznej (test niezależności chi kwadrat oraz współczynniki: V Cramera, C Pearsona i φ Yule’a).

EN

Poland is one of the countries with the most polluted air in Europe. It is among the leading European countries due to the levels of PM10 and PM2.5 particulate matters concentrations achieved, and it records the highest average annual concentrations of the carcinogenic and mutagem'c benzo(a)pyrene in the European Union. The main cause of poor air quality is the burning of coal and wood in small heating installations. To solve this problem, it is necessary to widely use low- and zero-emission energy sources, including renewable energy sources. A high level of knowledge and ecological awareness as well as social acceptance for remedial actions, also among young people, are also very important. Therefore, in March 2023, a survey was conducted in Bydgoszcz, which is also struggling with the problem of poor air quality (the city has about 20,000 solid fuel heat sources, data from 23.02.2023). Its aim was to check the level of knowledge and ecological awareness of young people in the ﬁeld of air pollution, including legal tools to ﬁght smog - local anti-smog resolutions. The direct impulse to conduct this research was the upcoming date of introduction of the key provisions of the anti-smog resolution in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, i.e. the ban on the use of heating installations below the third class in which solid fuels are burned as of 01.01.2024. Methods and tools of mathematical statistics were used to analyze the results and draw conclusions (the chi-square test of independence and the following coefﬁcients: Cramer's V, Pearson's C and Yule's (p).

9

Rozszerzona analiza statystyczna wyników pomiarów natężenia promieniowania słonecznego

Torbus Sławomir Andrzej, Mroczyńska Karolina, Kreft-Korda Joanna, Grabarczyk Sławomir

Rynek Energii

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2023

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Nr 1

35--39

PL

W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono koncepcję rozszerzonej analizy statystycznej wyników pomiarów (dyskretnych sygnałów pomiarowych o charakterze losowym). Sposób jej przeprowadzania zilustrowano przykładem, w którym użyto wyników pomiarów natężenia promieniowania słonecznego. Uzyskane rezultaty pozwoliły na sformułowanie własności proponowanej metody analizy statystycznej oraz wniosków dotyczących określania wpływu pary wodnej na natężenie promieniowania słonecznego, w kontekście pozyskiwania energii elektrycznej przy użyciu ogniw fotowoltaicznych.

EN

This paper presents the concept of extended statistical analysis of measurement results (discrete random measurement signals). The method of its execution is illustrated by an example in which the results of solar radiation intensity measurements were used. The obtained results allowed to formulate the properties of the proposed method of statistical analysis and drawing conclusions regarding the influence of water vapor on the intensity of solar radiation in the context of obtaining electricity with the use of photovoltaic cells.

10

Assessment of the applicability of small wind power generation in the Kyiv region

Shvedchykova Iryna, Lishchuk Victoria, Pisotskii Andrii

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 10

77--81

EN

The article deals with the wind characteristics in the suburbs of Kyiv and identifies the location that is most promising for the development of small wind power generation. For the selected location, a statistical analysis of wind characteristics was carried out and the choice of the main technical parameters of the wind generator was substantiated. A mathematical model of wind speed repeatability was developed using a twoparameter Weibull distribution based on archival wind speed data from open sources. For the given location, the average productivity of a conditional wind turbine was estimated for different time intervals (year, month) according to the Weibull distribution. The results of the calculation obtained by the Weibull distribution and the actual wind speed values were compared.

PL

W artykule omówiono charakterystykę wiatru na przedmieściach Kijowa oraz wskazano najbardziej obiecującą lokalizację dla rozwoju małej energetyki wiatrowej. Dla wybranej lokalizacji przeprowadzono analizę statystyczną charakterystyki wiatru i uzasadniono wybór głównych parametrów technicznych generatora wiatrowego. Matematyczny model powtarzalności prędkości wiatru został opracowany przy użyciu dwuparametrowego rozkładu Weibulla na podstawie archiwalnych danych dotyczących prędkości wiatru z otwartych źródeł. Dla danej lokalizacji oszacowano średnią produktywność warunkowej turbiny wiatrowej dla różnych przedziałów czasowych (rok, miesiąc) zgodnie z rozkładem Weibulla. Porównano wyniki obliczeń otrzymane rozkładem Weibulla z rzeczywistymi wartościami prędkości wiatru.

11

Analiza stanu baterii akumulatorów w niskobudżetowym pojeździe elektrycznym

Nocoń Adrian, Kurek Tomasz

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 1

174--178

PL

Obecnie można obserwować stały wzrost zainteresowania elektromobilnością, w tym pojazdami niskobudżetowymi (np. klasy L2e). W części badawczej artykułu przedstawiono analizę zarejestrowanych napięć poszczególnych akumulatorów w czasie jazdy pojazdu niskobudżetowego. Analizowano wartości chwilowe napięć oraz energię wydawaną przez akumulatory dla dwóch układów zasilania pojazdu. Wyniki poddano analizie statystycznej i dokonano oceny skuteczności działania układu balansowania akumulatorów.

EN

Currently, we can observe a steady increase in interest in electromobility, including low-cost vehicles (e.g. L2e class). The research part of the paper presents an analysis of the recorded voltages of individual batteries while driving a low-budget vehicle. The instantaneous values of voltages and the energy spent by the batteries while driving for two power supply systems of the vehicle were analyzed. The results were analyzed statistically and the effectiveness of the battery balancing system was assessed.

12

Charakterystyka geotechniczna osadów wysoczyzny morenowej na podstawie badań kampusu SGGW w Warszawie

Rabarijoely Simon, Lech Mariusz, Bajda Marek, Markowska-Lech Katarzyna

Przegląd Budowlany

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2023

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R. 94, nr 5-6

152--158

PL

W artykule, na przykładzie kampusu SGGW w Warszawie, przedstawione zostały kryteria identyfikacji warstw geotechnicznych na obszarze wysoczyzny morenowej, pozwalające na bardziej wiarygodną ocenę parametrów geotechnicznych poszczególnych warstw podłoża z uwzględnieniem lokalnych uwarunkowań. W pracy wykorzystano wyniki badań terenowych, głównie CPT oraz DMT, które porównano z wynikami badań laboratoryjnych pobranych próbek gruntów. Proponowana metoda podziału warstw geotechnicznych wraz z doborem odpowiednich parametrów gruntowych dla wydzielanych warstw zakłada zastosowanie podejścia bayesowskiego.

EN

The paper presents criteria for identification of geotechnical layers in the area of moraine upland, on the example of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences Campus - SGGW, which allows a more reliable assessment of the geotechnical parameters of individual ground layers, taking into account local conditions. The paper uses the results of in situ tests, mainly CPT and DMT, which were compared with the results of laboratory tests. A Bayesian approach was used in proposing a technique for subdividing the geotechnical layers with the annotation of the relevant parameters for the separated layers.

13

The effect of microbubbles on coarse particle anionic flotation: analysis and optimization

Abbaker Ahmed, Aslan Nevzat

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2023

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Vol. 59, iss. 6

art. no. 172298

EN

Since the grinding and chemical reagents required for flotation are expensive, coarse particle flotation reduces grinding costs and makes the subsequent process more accessible and cheaper. Recent studies suggest that the flotation of coarse particles using microbubbles has some advantages. However, a thorough analysis of the effectiveness of various flotation parameters and the impact of their interactions on the recovery of coarse particles in the presence and absence of microbubbles has yet to be fully understood. In the current study, the two-level factorial and Box-Behnken experimental designs were performed to characterize, assess, and optimize the implications of seven numerical (sodium oleate, collector; calcium oxide, activator; MIBC, frother; impeller speed; froth depth; pulp concentration; fine particles) and one categorical (microbubbles) independent parameters on the coarse quartz particles. Characterization revealed that froth depth did not significantly affect the flotation recovery of coarse particles in the mechanical laboratory cell. The effects of the variables in the presence of microbubbles revealed that sodium oleate and impeller speed significantly impacted recovery, followed by calcium oxide and fine particles, both of which had a medium influence, and MIBC and pulp concentration, which had a minimal impact. The recovery of coarse particles increased by 92.714% when microbubbles were used, compared to the estimated maximum recovery under ideal conditions of 62.258% without them. From this, it can be concluded that a high coarse particle flotation recovery is possible by optimizing the hydrodynamic conditions and the chemical environment using microbubbles.

14

Statistical Analysis of the Productivity of Phytocoenoses of Energy Cultures due to Implementation of Wastewater Sediment on Aluvisols of Ukraine

Lopushniak V., Hrytsuliak H., Voloshin Y., Lopushniak Н., Bogoslavets V., Kalyn T., Kotsyubynsky A., Chupa Volodymyr

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 9

192--201

EN

The cultivation of energy crops is an important component of renewable bioenergy, which pursues the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and determines the effective management of fertility and land use of marginal lands and disturbed areas of various nature. As a result of the conducted research, convincing relationships were established between the application of sewage sludge with a compensatory dose of mineral fertilizers and the productivity of grassy energy crops. The greatest increase in green mass is provided by the application of SS (SS – 40 t/ha + N10P14K58) for all studied crops. Applying sewage sludge with the addition of mineral fertilizers is an effective way to increase the productivity of green mass by 57–64% for such energy crops as Jerusalem artichoke, Silphium perfoliatum L, Miscanthus giganteus, and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L).

15

Assessment of Water Quality Status, Nutrients, and Phytoplankton Communities in the Coastal Zone of East Aceh Regency, Indonesia

Tjahjo Didik Wahju Hendro, Wiadnyana Ngurah Nyoman, Purnamaningtyas Sri Endah, Arifin Taslim, Yulius, Purbani Dini, Syam Amran Ronny, Mujiyanto, Wisha Ulung Jantama

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 9

112--129

EN

Due to rapid urban development in the coastal area of the East Aceh Regency, water quality degradation and marine pollution issues become the primary concern in this region. Moreover, seasonal observation of water quality and phytoplankton has yet to be assessed. This study aimed to determine the control of seasonal water quality and nutrients over phytoplankton abundance throughout the East Aceh coast. Direct field measurements and laboratory analyses were performed to collect the primary data, whereby the sampling period was conducted during the displacement toward the ebb tide. We assessed the water quality parameters using a modified CWQI (coastal water quality index). Furthermore, linear regression and principal component analysis were performed as the basis of statistical analyses. The phytoplankton abundance was higher in April than in September, with most Bacillariophyceae and Dinophyceae in all observed stations. Except for DO and turbidity, the assessed water quality parameters (temperature, TDS, conductivity, salinity, sulfide, and TOM) are feasible for marine biota. Of particular concern, the East Aceh coast is characterized by poor-good water quality, with the CWQI value ranging from 40 to 90. Based on the regression and PCA analyses, N and P nutrients significantly control the phytoplankton abundance like a “seesaw” between April and September, with a respective coefficient determination of about 50%. Because of the tremendously high phosphate observed in April, the water condition tended to be P-limited and vice versa for September. On the other hand, instead of evoking the phytoplankton growth, each water quality parameter has a specific influence in characterizing phytoplankton communities in the study area.

16

Statistical methods in the analysis of strength parameters of epoxy-glass composites modified with rubber recyclate

Drewing S., Abramczyk N., Żuk D., Dyl T.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 117, nr 2

71--78

EN

Purpose: The article presents a statistical analysis of strength parameters of newly developed epoxy-glass composite materials modified with the addition of rubber recyclate. Design/methodology/approach: Three variants of materials with a percentage of recyclate content in the composite matrix of 3%, 5%, 7% and a reference variant without the addition of recyclate were used for the study. The samples were subjected to an impact test on a ZWICK RKP 450IR-GE impact hammer. Resilience measurement values were subjected to statistical analyses at the significance level α = 95%, such as: testing the normality of distributions with the Shapiro-Wilk test, testing differences between pairs with the Student's t-test for dependent groups, and testing ANOVA differences for independent groups. Findings: The Shapiro-Wilk test confirmed that the resilience variables for all tested samples were in normal distributions; therefore the highest power parametric tests were used to test the differences. Using the Student's t-test, it was confirmed that between pairs of variables in configurations: standard sample with the modified sample, there were significant statistical differences in the distribution of resilience values for all samples. ANOVA confirmed significant changes in impact strength in 10 comparison variants. Research limitations/implications: The obtained test results showed that in 9 compared cases, there were significant statistical differences, and in one case, there were no significant differences. Practical implications: The performed statistical analyses confirmed their significant usefulness in the process of qualification of strength parameters for materials with high anisotropy, such as composites. Originality/value: The manufactured products are innovative in terms of the method of using the addition of rubber recyclate as a filler for epoxy-glass composites. The use of static methods for their study also has practical value. It optimizes the analysis methods of the results of measurements of strength parameters of new composite materials.

17

Statistical Analysis of Selected Coal Charateristics and Toxic Compounds for FGX Air-Vibrating Separation

Mijał Waldemar, Niedoba Tomasz, Polek Daria, Baic Ireneusz, Blaschke Wiesław

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2023

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no. 2, vol. 1

377--387

EN

Dry beneficiation methods were popular in the first part of the 20th century. In the 1930s, before World War II, dry separators were used more commonly in the United States. Currently, this method is very popular in China, the United States, India, Russia and other places where its implementation is possible. In Poland, by contrast, dry separation still remains uncommon. However, during the last 30 years, dry separators have started to be more commonly used in coal beneficiation. One example of this type of separator might be the FGX air-vibrating separator. This type of separator uses air suspension to separate heavier particles (tailings) from lighter coal grains. The process of dry separation may depend on various parameters, e.g. particle size fraction, air supply, feed parameters, etc.. This paper describes the mathematical model which shows the scope for using this separation method for coal beneficiation. Mathematical models are based on dependencies between calorific value and ash content in the samples tested as well as relations between arsenic, thallium, mercury, lead and other coal characteristics. The latter parameters are of vital importance as Polish emission standards do not have any limits for the elements mentioned above (arsenic, thallium, mercury and lead).

PL

Suche metody wzbogacania były popularne w pierwszej połowie XX wieku. Separatory suche były używane zwłaszcza przed II Wojną Światową w latach 30-ych w USA. Obecnie, metoda ta jest bardzo popularna w Chinach, USA, Indiach, Rosji oraz w innych miejscach, gdzie możliwe jest jej zastosowanie. W Polsce proces ten jest wciąż bardzo mało popularny. Podczas ostatnich 30 lat systemy wzbogacania węgla zaczęły szerzej korzystać z separatorów suchych a przykładem bardzo popularnego urządzenia tego typu jest FGX – wibracyjny stół powietrzny. Ten typ separatora korzysta z zawiesiny powietrznej w celu wydzielenia cięższych ziaren (odpadów) od lżejszych ziaren węgla. Sucha separacja może zależeć od różnych parametrów, tj. klasa ziarnowa, zasoby powietrza, parametry nadawy itp. Artykuł ten opisuje model matematyczny, który pokazuje możliwości zastosowania tej metody separacji przy wzbogacaniu węgla. Modele matematyczne oparte były na zależnościach pomiędzy wartością opałową oraz zawartością popiołu w testowanych próbkach, jak również na relacjach pomiędzy zawartościami arsenu, talu, rtęci, ołowiu i innych charakterystyk węgla. Ostatnie parametry są bardzo ważne ponieważ polskie standardy emisji nie zawierają limitów dla pierwiastków wymienionych powyżej, a więc arsenu, talu, rtęci oraz ołowiu.

18

Statistical methods for evaluating experimental data on the use of mathematical competenciesin study for a resilient economy

Petruk Vira, Prozor Olena, Sabadosh Yuliia, Baranovska Iryna, Palii Maksim, Moroz Yevheniia, Kumargazhanova Saule, Mussayeva Dinara

Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska

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2023

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T. 13, nr 2

78--85

EN

The description of the problems, solved within the statistics evaluation of the results of educational (pedagogical) experiment in resilient economy is given. Comparison of the two average samplings and hypothesis verification relative to dispersions of the two samplings are considered.It is shown the hypothesis that teaching and methodical training system of subjects of higher mathematics in technical universities, suggested on the base of the modern interactive technologies, significantly improves the quality of the base level of professional competence of future engineers. The methodsfor statistical processing of the obtained results, which very thoroughly research all the indexes which compose the suggested learning and methodical system for teaching higher mathematics in technical universities are used.

PL

Podano opis problemów rozwiązywanych w ramach statystycznej oceny wyników eksperymentu edukacyjnego (pedagogicznego)w gospodarce odpornej. Rozważa się porównanie dwóch średnich prób i weryfikację hipotezy w odniesieniu do dyspersji dwóch prób. Wykazano hipotezę, że system nauczania i szkolenia metodycznego przedmiotów matematyki wyższej na uczelniach technicznych, zaproponowany w oparciu o nowoczesnetechnologie interaktywne, znacząco poprawia jakość podstawowego poziomu kompetencji zawodowych przyszłych inżynierów. Zastosowano metody statystycznego przetwarzania uzyskanych wyników, które bardzo dokładnie badają wszystkie wskaźniki składające się na proponowany system nauczaniai metodycznego nauczania matematyki wyższej w uczelniach technicznych.

19

Analiza statystyczna danych oraz prognozy rynkowych cen energii (RCE) w Polsce z wyprzedzeniem do 1 godziny

Piotrowski Paweł, Baranowski Marcin, Bączek Adrian, Niedźwiecki Radosław

Elektro Info

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2023

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nr 4

81--85

PL

W artykule przedstawiono analizę statystyczną danych oraz prognozy rynkowych cen energii (RCE) z wyprzedzeniem do 1 godziny. Sformułowano wnioski końcowe z wykonanych prognoz oraz analiz statystycznych.

EN

The article presents a statistical analysis of data and forecasts of energy prices (RCE) in Poland up to 1 hour ahead. The conclusions have been drawn based on forecasts outcome and statistical analysis.

20

Impact of Waste on the Quality of Water Resources – Case Study of Taza City, Morocco

Abouabdallah Amina, El Hammoudani Yahya, Dimane Fouad, Haboubi Khadija, Rhayour Khadija, Benaissa Chaimae

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 9

170--182

EN

The ultimate purpose behind this study is to assess the quality of water surface of Oued Inaouen and its tributaries and some underground stations before and after discharge of the city of Taza. It addresses the leachate of the unauthorized landfill of Taza which is a source of nuisance that adds to the many problems of contamination of the surrounding environment if they are not treated before discharge. This survey explains how the landfill can affect the quality of water resources near the city of Taza, represented by the main tributaries of the watershed of Oued Inaouen by determining the main parameters indicators of pollution, and to study the possibilities of contamination of groundwater and surface water by infiltration or flow of leachate. Physico-chemical results show high concentrations of organic matter, the BOD5 /COD ratio indicating a biodegradable organic fraction. As far as mineral pollution is concerned, high contents of NH4+, NO3-, total phosphorus and Cl-, which explains the high conductivity values. Bacteriological analyses show significant quantities of coliforms and fecal streptococci. For the evaluation of the pollution of groundwater and surface water, the results obtained are translated by the presence of a significant contamination that differs from one point to another. To evaluate the pollution of groundwater and water surface, the results obtained are translated by the presence of a significant contamination that differs from one point to another.