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1

Copper infiltrated high speed steel skeletons

Madej M.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 98, nr 1

5--31

EN

Purpose: This article is a monographic summary of the most important research results from the last 10 years regarding HSS based materials. This materias were produced with powder metallurgy technology using spontaneous infiltration. The presented results answer the question of how iron, tungsten carbide and copper additives influence the final properties of these materials and present additional microstructural phenomena revealed during their manufacture. Design/methodology/approach: Materials were produced by spontaneous infiltration. Porous skeletons for infiltration were produced by pressing and pressing and sintering of mixed powders. Copper was used as the infiltrant. Findings: The molten copper was drawn into the porous skeletons, through a capillary action, and filled virtually the entire pore volume to get the final densities exceeding 97% of the theoretical value. Research limitations/implications: As part of further research, microstructures of M30WC composites obtained by direct infiltration of copper into as-sintered porous skeletons using TEM are planned. Practical implications: Efficiant mechanical strength, high hardness, adequate heat resistance and good wear resistance of M3 type 2 HSS powder produced by woter atomisation make it an attractive material for manufacture of valve train components, for example valve seat inserts. Originality/value: The novelty in the article are the results of research on the microstructure made using TEM, the results of testing materials after heat treatment, untypical for highspeed steels. The article attempts to explain the influence of iron addition on properties - such a slight loss of mass as a result of its addition. The second aim of this work is to analyse the microstructural changes during sintering porous skeletons made from HSS with WC additions.

2

Influence of niobium on the structure and properties of the matrix of high-speed steel with nickel

Pacyna J., Dziurka R., Grudzień M.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2016

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Vol. 37, nr 6

335--340

EN

The following paper investigates two model alloys simulating the quenched matrix of high-speed steels with an addition of 1.5% Ni, which was enriched with 1% and 2% of Nb to increase abrasion resistance. Based on the alloys’ composition comprising of W, Mo, V and Cr, the simulations of the quenched matrix of the high-speed steels indicate sufficiently high hardenability. The purpose of increasing the nickel content in the composition of such alloys was to increase their crack resistance, whereas the addition of the strongly carbide-forming niobium in amounts of 1% and 2%, balanced by an additional carbon content, was aimed at increasing the abrasion resistance of these steels. The authors of the above mentioned chemical composition concept expect that these types of alloys will be used in the production of tools (rolls) designed for the rolling of metallurgical products which are difficult to produce (flat bars, channel bars and tee bars). The quenching temperature of both alloys was optimised on the base of the so called quenching series. The accurate CCT diagrams and the tempering series for revealing the secondary hardness effect were also performed for these alloys. All investigation stages were accurately documented by metallographic tests.

PL

W pracy postanowiono wznowić badania na osnowie zahartowanej stali szybkotnącej, jednakże jej skład uzupełniono dodatkiem około 1,5% Ni oraz dodatkami odpowiednio około 1% i 2% Nb. Dodatki niobu, jeżeli tylko zostaną zbilansowane odpowiednimi dodatkami węgla, powinny dzięki utworzeniu stabilnych węglików Nb4C3 zwiększyć odporność na ścieranie stopu, a dodatki niklu powinny zwiększyć jego odporność na pękanie. Takie postępowanie powinno umożliwić uzyskanie materiału narzędziowego odpornego na ścieranie oraz odpornego na pękanie o właściwościach zahartowanej osnowy stali szybkotnących. Autorzy składu chemicznego nowych stopów i ich koncepcji spodziewają się, że będą one stosowane do wytwarzania narzędzi (walców) przeznaczonych do walcowania produktów hutniczych, które są trudne do wytworzenia (płaskowników, ceowników oraz teowników).

3

The tool surface wear during the silicon steel sheets blanking process

Mucha J., Jaworski J.

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność

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2016

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Vol. 18, no. 3

332--342

EN

The surface wear mechanism of punches for the silicon sheets blanking was presented. In the studies the differences in the wear of high-speed tool (produced by casting and sintering), where observed. The influence of additional TiN coating on the punches flank degradation intensity was obtained. The strengthening zone changes of the sheared blank material close to cutting line were observed. The punch wear influence on the M530-50A silicon sheet material hardness changes was described.

PL

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono opis mechanizmu zużycia powierzchni roboczych stempli wykrawających elementy z blachy krzemowej. Badania wykazały różnice w zużyciu narzędzi dla stali szybkotnącej w przypadku dwóch procesów jej wytwarzania (odlewania i spiekania). Wykazano wpływ dodatkowej powłoki z TiN na intensywność degradacji powierzchni przyłożenia stempli wykrawających. Obserwacji poddano zmiany obszaru umocnienia materiału wykrawanego w pobliżu linii cięcia. Określono wpływ zużycia stempli na zasięg zmian twardości materiału blachy krzemowej M530-50A.

4

Numeryczna symulacja wpływu składu chemicznego na własności stali szybkotnących

Sitek W.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Mechanika

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2011

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R. 108, z. 4-M/2

473-480

PL

W artykule przedstawiono metodę modelowania twardości wtórnej stali szybkotnących na podstawie składu chemicznego oraz parametrów obróbki cieplnej. Do opracowania modelu zastosowano sztuczne sieci neuronowe i posłużono się wynikami badań eksperymentalnych stali szybkotnących oraz danych zawartych w normie przedmiotowej dotyczącej oraz katalogach stali szybkotnących, mających charakter przybliżony. Z wykorzystaniem opracowanego modelu sieci neuronowych poprowadzono symulacje wpływu wybranych pierwiastków na twardość stali szybkotnących.

EN

The paper presents the method of modeling the secondary hardness of the high-speed on basis of chemical composition as well as the parameters of heat treatment. For modeling the artificial neural network were applied. The basis of the learning procedure are results of experimental investigations of the high-speed steels as well as data contained in relating standard and catalogue. The model developed was used for simulation of the influence of the particular alloying elements on secondary hardness of the high-speed steels.

5

Structure and properties of HS6-5-2 type HSS manufactured by different P/M methods

Matula G., Dobrzański L. A., Herranz G., Várez A., Levenfeld B., Torralba J. M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2007

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Vol. 24, nr 2

71-74

EN

Purpose: It has been demonstrated in the paper structure and properties of high speed-steel HS6-5-2 type manufactured by different method of powder metallurgy. Design/methodology/approach: Light microscope, SEM, image analysis, hardness tests, density examination, transverse rupture strength tests, analysis of chemical composition by LECO apparatus. Findings: Basing on the investigations of the HS6-5-2 type high-speed steels reinforced with ceramics particles fabricated with Powder Metallurgy it was found of that density of sintered samples depend on reinforced particles, temperatures and atmosphere of sintering. Increasing of sintering temperature increase the density of sintering samples. Moreover the sintering under N2-10%H2 atmosphere produce samples with higher quality than using argon atmosphere and prevent of surface oxidation during sintering. Practical implications: The modern methods of powder metallurgy gives the possibility to manufacturing tool materials on the basis of high speed-steel which characterised very good properties with their final shape. Originality/value: In the paper the manufacturing by modern PM methods of tool materials on basis of high speed-steel manufactured carried out in order to improve the structure and properties of tool materials and to produce tools with their final shape.

6

Structure and properties of FGM manufactured on the basis of HS6-5-2

Matula G., Dobrzański L. A.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2006

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Vol. 17, nr 1-2

101--104

EN

Purpose: It has been demonstrated in the paper structure and properties of tool gradient materials manufactured by powder metallurgy on the basis of high speed-steel HS6-5-2 type. Design/methodology/approach: Light microscope, SEM, image analysis, microhardness tests, density examination. Findings: Basing on the investigations of the HS6-5-2 type high-speed steels reinforced with ceramics particles fabricated with Powder Metallurgy it was found that density of sintered samples depend on reinforced particles, temperatures and atmosphere of sintering. Increasing of sintering temperature increase the density of sintering samples. Moreover the sintering under N2-10%H2 atmosphere produce samples with higher quality than using argon atmosphere and prevent of surface oxidation during sintering. Practical implications: The Powder Metallurgy gives the possibility to manufacturing tools gradient materials on the basis of high speed-steel which characterised very high hardness on the surface. Originality/value: In the paper the manufacturing of tool gradient materials on basis of high speed-steel reinforced with hard ceramics particles carried out in order to improve the tool cutting properties.

7

Badanie odporności na ścieranie wybranych gatunków niskostopowych stali szybkotnących (NSS) po zastosowaniu różnych obróbek powierzchniowych

Jaworski J.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Mechanika

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2001

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z. 55 [185]

31-36

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań odporności na ścieranie wybranych gatunków niskostopowych stali szybkotnących po zastosowaniu różnych wariantów obróbek powierzchniowych i pokazano, że zastosowane obróbki poprawiają ich odporność na ścieranie. Najbardziej efektywną obróbką powierzchniową okazała się obróbka kompleksowa polegająca na wstępnym azotowaniu jonowym i naniesieniu pokrycia TiN.

EN

In this paper the results of research of grindability the low-alloy high-speed steel after application of different types of surface treatment has been presented. The grindability of the steels has not got worse because of abatement of content of the alloy components.