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Application of the heat treatment in the welding process of ferritic stainless steels – causes and effects

Walczyk G., Pakieła W., Roszak M., Snopek P.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 119, nr 2

72--79

EN

Purpose This paper aims to analyse the application, importance and impact of heat treatment operations used in ferritic stainless steel welding processes on the properties of the welds obtained. In addition, the article aimed to formulate the main problems that occur during the welding process of ferritic stainless steels, including, in particular, the phenomenon of ferrite grain growth due to thermal processes. Design/methodology/approach The analysis of the available literature covered issues related to heat treatment processes used in the welding of ferritic stainless steels, taking into account the issue of the growth of the ferrite grain under the influence of heat supplied during welding and the possibility of heat treatment of the obtained welds. The analysis also included determining the possibility of inhibiting the growth of ferrite grains by using elements such as titanium, niobium, and molybdenum, thus improving the strength properties of welds. Findings Organisation of knowledge in the field of the impact on the mechanical properties of ferritic stainless-steel welds and heat treatment processes used before, during, and after welding. Practical implications Properly selected parameters of the welding process of ferritic stainless steels, especially the amount of heat input, together with appropriate heat treatment parameters, should improve the mechanical properties of ferritic stainless steels. Originality/value The analysis of the possibility of a wider application of ferritic stainless steels allowed to draw one of the main conclusions stating that the limited possibilities of using ferritic stainless steels in heavy industry are related to their high susceptibility to ferrite grain growth under the influence of high temperature during welding and, consequently, decreases in strength properties of welding joints made of ferritic stainless steels. Additional heat treatment operations are introduced before, during, or after the sapping process to improve their mechanical properties.

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Corrosion properties of 1.4512 ferritic and 1.4404 austenitic steels for the automotive industry

Zatkalíková Viera, Markovičová Lenka, Wróbel-Knysak Anna

System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment

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2019

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Vol. 1, nr 1

745--752

EN

Exhaust systems are susceptible to in-service wear because of their exposition to the very aggressive corrosive environment. Various stainless steels grades (mostly ferritic and austenitic, but also martensitic and duplex) and protective coatings are currently used for exhaust system elements to increase their aestetics and corrosion resistance. This article focuses on evaluation and comparison of the common corrosion properties of two stainless steels with different microstructures (ferritic and austenitic) used for exhaust system components at the low ambient temperature (35 °C). An aggressive acidic corrosion solution for electrochemical cyclic potentiodynamic tests (ASTM G61) was chosen to simulate partly inner (condensate) and also external environment (reaction of exhaust gases with water, chlorides in solution after winter road maintenance). Exposure tests of the pitting corrosion resistance were performed according to ASTM G48 standard method.

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Stale ferrytyczne odporne na korozję

Wróbel M., Nowak S., Blicharski M.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2003

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R. XXIV, nr 3

101--110

PL

Dla wybranych stali trzech generacji (stale niestabilizowane o zawartości węgla 0,12/0,2 %, stale stabilizowane i superferrytyczne) wprowadzanych na rynek wraz z rozwojem metod rafinacji, podano składy chemiczne, podstawowe własności mechaniczne i temperatury eksploatacji. Omówiono temperaturę przejścia w stan kruchy, kruchość 475 stopni Celsjusza, kruchość powodowaną wydzielaniem się faz międzymetalicznych, odporność na korozję i spawalność tych stali.

EN

The chemical composition, mechanical properties and typical exploitation temperatures of some selected ferritic stainless steels were presented. The steels represent three generation of ferritic stainless steels introduced into marked as a result of development in refining methods used in the metallurgical practice. The ductile-to-brittle transition temperature, 475 degrees centigrade embrittlement, embrittlement resulting from the intermetallic phases precipitation, corrosion resistance and weldability were briefly presented.

4

Zjawisko żebrowania w stalach odpornych na korozję o strukturze ferrytycznej

Rostek T., Sztwiertnia K., Pospiech J., Bołd T.

Archiwum Nauki o Materiałach

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2002

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T. 23, nr 4

283-299

PL

Na podstawie prac własnych oraz danych z literatury dokonano syntetycznego opisu zjawiska żebrowania w ferrytycznych stalach chromowych odpornych na korozję. Badania wykazały pewne prawidłowości w strukturze i teksturze materiału mogące mieć wpływ na zjawisko żebrowania. W mikroteksturze materiału wyodrębniono dwa elementy o odmiennej anizotropii plastycznej; pasma orientacji {001}<110> oraz osnowę, w której przeważają obszary o orientacjach {112}<110>, {111}<112> i {111}<134>. Zwrócono również uwagę na segregację pierwiastków stopowych i jej związek z występowaniem niejednorodności oraz podatnością na korozję blach ze stali ferrytycznej. Zaproponowano zmiany w tradycyjnej technologii produkcji blach w celu minimalizacji niekorzystnego zjawiska żebrowania.

EN

Based on the authors' own investigations, as well as on observations of other authors, synthetic description of ridging phenomenon occuring in ferritic stainless steel was made. Investigations show some regularities in structure and texture having influence on the ridging phenomenon. The material is composed of two macro-elements of different plastic anisotropy: the bands described by the texture component {001}<110> and the matrix described by the components {112}<110>, {111}<112> and {111}<134>. The segregation of the alloy elements may play an important role in the formation of these inhomogeneities and in the corrosion of sheets. The proposed changes in the traditional technological processing of sheets obtained from this steel type are to limit the occurrence of the ridging effect.