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Structural Size Optimization of External Fixation Device

Mešić Elmedin, Muminović Adil, Čolić Mirsad, Petrović Marin, Pervan Nedim

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2020

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Vol. 14, no 2

233-240

EN

Structural size optimization of a device for external bone fixation within a formed iterative hybrid optimization algorithm was presented in this paper. The optimization algorithm was in interaction with the algorithms for generative design and FEM analysis and completely integrated within CATIA CAD/CAM/CAE system. The initial model, representing the current design of the bone external fixation device Sarafix, was previously verified by experimental testing. The formed hybrid optimization algorithm was created as an integration of the global (SA method) and local (CG method) algorithm. The constraints of the optimization model are the clinical limitations of the interfragmentary displacements and the material strength. The optimized design has less weight, greater rigidity and less transverse interfragmentary displacements at the point of fracture compared to the current design.

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On engineering verifications of external and internal fixators for traumatology and orthopaedics

Frydrysek K., Ucen O., Fojtik F., Poruba Z., Theisz G., Sejda F., Michenkova S.

Modelowanie Inżynierskie

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2014

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T. 21, nr 52

42--50

EN

In this article the authors draw attention to the possibilities of treatment for complicated bone fractures. They present their own design, laboratory tests and numerical solutions (i.e. strength analyses and reliability assessments) of the various types of internal and external fixators applied in traumatology and orthopaedics (i.e. intended for fractures of limbs, pelvis and calcaneus). The new design of external fixators is based on the development of Ilizarov and other techniques (i.e. shape and weight optimization based on composite materials, application of smart materials, nanotechnology, low x-ray absorption, antibacterial protection, patient comfort, reduction in the duration of surgical treatment, and cost). Similarly, the new intramedullary nail C-NAIL (i.e. an example of an internal fixator) is intended for minimal-invasive fixation of intra articular calcaneal fractures.

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Ocena wpływu drgań mechanicznych oraz bogatopłytkowego osocza na gojenie trzonów kości piszczelowych leczonych elastycznym stabilizatorem węglowym „Carboelastofix"

Ambroziak M., Górecki A., Luterek M., Krakowian P., Lekszycki T., Bissenik I., Koperski Ł., Chłopek J., Skowronek P.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2013

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Vol. 16, no. 119

13--20

PL

Analizie poddano 9 owiec z gatunku owca wrzosówka - średni wiek owiec 5 lat. Zwierzęta podzielone zostały na 3 grupy, po 3 w każdej. U wszystkich owiec dokonano przecięcia trzonu kości podudzia stabilizując odłamy stabilizatorem Carboelastofix. W grupie pierwszej, kontrolnej, nie stosowano ani stymulacji mechanicznej ani biochemicznej. W grupie drugiej zastosowano stymulację mechaniczną wzbudnikiem piezoelektrycznym mocowanym do nośnika stabilizatora zewnętrznego. W grupie trzeciej zastosowano stymulację mechaniczną oraz dodatkowo śródoperacyjnie podane zostało do szczeliny złamania autogenne osocze bogatopłytkowe. Analiza zrostu prowadzona była na podstawie zdjęć rentgenowskich wykonywanych w 2, 5 i 8 tygodniu po operacji. Po zakończeniu eksperymentu zwierzęta zostały uśmiercone, a powstała wokół szczeliny złamania kostnina została poddana badaniu histologicznemu oraz analizie w badaniu mikrotomografii komputerowej. We wszystkich trzech grupach uzyskano zrost kostny. Analiza gęstości tworzącej się kostniny prowadzona na postawie badań obrazowych nie wykazała znamiennych różnic pomiędzy badanymi grupami, jednakże gęstości tworzącej się kostniny w grupie ze stymulacją mechaniczną była najniższa. Autorzy dowodzą tym samym, że przy zastosowaniu elastycznego stabilizatora umożliwiającego mikroruchy poosiowe w szczelinie złamania podczas naturalnego obciążania kończyny, efekt dodatkowej stymulacji mechanicznej jest nie istotny dla poprawienia jakości formującego się zrostu kostnego. Osocze bogatopłytkowe w przypadku prawidłowo postępującego zrostu złamania nie wpływa na jakość tworzącej się kostniny.

EN

9 Wrzosowka sheep were analyzed - average age: 5 years. The animals were divided into three groups, each with 3 sheep. All the sheep underwent the cutting of the shin stem and the fractions were stabilized with the Carboelastofix stabilizer. In the first, control group, no mechanical or biochemical stimulation was performed. In the second group, mechanical stimulation was applied, with the use of a piezoelectric inductor, mounted in the carrier of the external stabilizer. The third group involved the application of mechanical stimulation and, additionally, autogenic platelet-rich plasma was mid-surgically applied in the fracture gap. The growth analysis was performed on the basis of the X-ray pictures taken in the 2nd, 5th and 8th week after the surgery. After the experiment had been finalized, the animals were put to death, and the callus formed around the fracture was histologically examined and analyzed in a computer microtomography test. All the three groups involved bone growth. The analysis of the density of the forming callus performed on the basis of the imaging examinations did not exhibit significant differences between the tested groups; however, the density of the forming callus in the group involving mechanical stimulation was the lowest. In this way, the authors prove that, with the application of an elastic stabilizer enabling axial micromovements in the fracture during the natural limb load, the effect of the additional mechanical stimulation is insignificant for the improvement of the quality of the forming bone growth. The platelet-rich plasma, in the case of the proper fracture growth, does not affect the quality of the forming limb.

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Distribution of radiological density in bone regenerate in relation to cyclic displacements of bone fragments

Filipiak J., Krawczyk A., Morasiewicz L.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2009

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Vol. 11, nr 3

3-9

EN

We asked how bone fragment displacement could influence the distribution of radiological density in bone regenerate formed during the process of bone lengthening. The metatarsi of 21 sheep were lengthened by 20 mm by the Ilizarov method. The bone fragments were externally fixed with a specially designed ring external fixator equipped with linear actuator driver system. The test sheep were divided into three experimental groups: the G1 and G2 groups (N = 8) and the GR group (N = 5) - the reference group. In the case of sheep from the G1 and G2 groups, the lengthening was supplemented with mechanical stimulation of the regenerate in the form of cyclic bone fragment displacements (CBFDs) with the amplitudes of 1 mm (G1) and 2 mm (G1). Mechanical stimulation was applied over 30 days for 1 h per day with a frequency of 1 Hz. Eight weeks after the procedure the sheep were sacrificed in accordance with the required procedures. The analysis of the degree of bone regenerate mineralization involved the studies based on the CT scanning. The analysis of the results obtained is based on the paramenter called the degree of regenerate mineralization (RMD). The analysis of radiological density was carried out in the selected measurement areas. Such an area was located in three horizontal zones, taking into account the regenerate height, i.e. in its middle part (half regenerate length); the top part, 2 mm from the edge of the proximal fragment; and the bottom part, 2 mm from the edge of the distal fragment. The value of the RMD parameter varies significantly, depending on the bone regenerate area. The results obtained show that the CBFD = 2 mm accelerates the rate of mineralization of an eight-week-old regenerate. In the case of CBFD = 1 mm, the mineralization rate is lower by more than a dozen per cent.

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Concept of bone fracture healing measure used load measuring in external fixators

Jasińska-Choromańska D.

Zeszyty Naukowe Katedry Mechaniki Stosowanej / Politechnika Śląska

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2006

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z. 26

149-154

EN

The measurement of osteogenesis gives the possibility to more precise diagnostics of the fractures, and can be also applied to the computer techniques like e.g. artificial intelligence. The treatment of long bone fractures by external fixators affords an unique opportunity to control the healing of the fracture by measuring the tension on the frame, that occurs under the load given to the bone and rely on the mechanical properties of the fracture. The paper presents some information about one of the diagnosis method using to the bone fracture healing.