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An Approach to Estimate Dye Concentration of Domestic Washing Machine Wastewater

İlkiz Başak Arslan, Beceren Yeşim İridağ, Candan Cevza

Autex Research Journal

2021

Vol. 21, no. 2

172--181

This article focuses on developing a methodology which can be used to estimate the concentration of dyestuff released from textiles during domestic laundering, so that further studies involving decolorization of the wastewater from domestic washing machine can be conducted in an attempt to develop eco-friendly domestic washing processes. Due to the complexity of the problem, an approach was adopted so that, as an initial step, synthetic red and blue reactive dye solutions were prepared as representative wastewater solutions using Reactive Red 195 and Reactive Blue 19 dyestuffs for the estimation of dye concentration. This was followed by an experimental work consisting of washing tests involving the calculation of dye concentration in the wastewater obtained from domestic washing machine as well as tergotometer as a machine simulator. For this part of the work, dyed cotton plain jersey fabric samples were used to obtain wastewater solutions. All the dye solutions and the wastewater samples were measured with VIS spectrophotometer, and the maximum absorbance values were obtained at relevant wavelengths. Although the characteristics of absorbance spectra of synthetic and wastewater solutions were very different, the maximum absorbance values of both solutions overlapped at relevant wavelengths. The concentration of the dyestuff was calculated from the absorbance values measured at 540 and 592 nm for the red and blue, respectively. The statistical analysis of the data suggested that tergotometer can be used as a domestic washing machine simulator. Moreover, the regression analysis done for the dyestuff concentration under discussion revealed that the most significant factor was the washing step (main wash or rinsing) (89.5%) followed by color (red or blue) (3.4%) and washing device (washing machine or tergotometer) (1.5%).

Simultaneous decolorization of ternary dye mixture from aqueous solution by electrocoagulation

Keskin C. S., Özdemir A., Karabayir E., Şengil I. A.

Environment Protection Engineering

2013

Vol. 39, nr 3

119--133

The current study focused on the treatment of a ternary mixture of dyes which includes Disperse Blue 56 (DB56), Basic Yellow 28 (BY28) and Acid Violet 90 (AV90) using the electrocoagulation (EC) process with iron electrodes. In the presence of all dye molecules, the optimum pH was found to be 6, optimum NaCl concentration was 3000 mg/dm3 and optimum current density was 8.66 mA/cm2. Under the optimized conditions in the case of 100 mg/dm 3 each dye concentration, the average colour removal efficiency was reached 93%. Dye concentration dependent highest COD removal efficiency was measured as 88.70% at 150 mg/dm3 dye concentration.

Effect of dye content in a treated solution on performance of the UF ceramic membrane

Kawiecka-Skowron J., Majewska-Nowak K.

Environment Protection Engineering

2011

Vol. 37, nr 2

5-12

Low-pressure membrane processes have been studied in order to treat aqueous solutions of dyes. The influence of dye concentration (10, 20, 100 g/m3) on separation efficiencies of organic dyes (Methyl Orange, Titan Yellow and Direct Black) was analyzed. CeRAM INSIDE®(Tami Industries) membranes with various cut-off values (1, 15 kDa) were examined. The ultrafiltration process was carried out at the transmembrane pressures of: 0.03, 0.06, and 0.09 MPa. It was found that the process efficacy was affected not only by the kind of dye, but also by the dye concentration, applied pressure and membrane cut-off. With increasing dye content in the treated solution the rejection coefficient improved.