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Neural modeling and optimization of the coverage of the sprayed surface

Cieniawska B., Pentoś K., Łuczycka D.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

2020

Vol. 68, nr 3

601--608

Improving application efficiency is crucial for both the economic and environmental aspects of plant protection. Mathematical models can help in understanding the relationships between spray application parameters and efficiency, and reducing the negative impact on the environment. The effect of nozzle type, spray pressure, driving speed and spray angle on spray coverage on an artificial plant was studied. Artificial intelligence techniques were used for modeling and the optimization of application process efficiency. The experiments showed a significant effect of droplet size on the percent area coverage of the sprayed surfaces. A high value of the vertical transverse approach surface coverage results from coarse droplets, high driving speed, and nozzles angled forward. Increasing the vertical transverse leaving surface coverage, as well as the coverage of the sum of all sprayed surfaces, requires fine droplets, low driving speed, and nozzles angled backwards. The maximum coverage of the upper level surface is obtained with coarse droplets, low driving speed, and a spray angle perpendicular to the direction of movement. The choice of appropriate nozzle type and spray pressure is an important aspect of chemical crop protection. Higher upper level surface coverage is obtained when single flat fan nozzles are used, while twin nozzles produce better coverage of vertical surfaces. Adequate neural models and evolutionary algorithms can be used for pesticide application process efficiency optimization.

Wpływ dawki cieczy, rodzaju rozpylaczy oraz fazy fenologicznej na jakość zabiegu ochrony w sadzie

Świechowski W., Doruchowski G., Godyń A., Hołownicki R.

Agricultural Engineering

2014

Vol. 18, No. 1

229--237

Celem badań było określenie wpływu dawki cieczy i rodzaju rozpylaczy na naniesienie i rozkład cieczy w koronie drzewa jabłoni oraz na pokrycie liści w różnych fazach fenologicznych. W badaniach stosowano zabiegi drobnokropliste (VMD=ok. 150 µm) i grubokropliste (VMD=ok. 400 µm) oraz dawki: 250, 500 i 750 l·ha-1. Opryskiwanie znacznikiem fluorescencyjnym wykonano opryskiwaczem z poprzecznym systemem emisji Munckhof przy prędkości roboczej 5,0 km·h-1. W okresie kwitnienia największe naniesienie uzyskano dla dawki 250 l·ha-1 i zabiegu grubokroplistego, natomiast dawka 750 l·ha-1 powodowała największe pokrycie w osi drzew. W okresie zawiązywania owoców naniesienie w osi drzewa utrzymywało się na tym samym poziomie niezależnie od dawki cieczy i wielkości kropel. W okresach zawiązywania i pełnego wykształcenia owoców największe pokrycie odnotowano dla zabiegów drobnokroplistych i dawek 500 i 750 l·ha-1. Zabiegi grubokropliste powodowały dwukrotnie mniejsze pokrycie w osi drzew.

The objective of the studies was to determine the influence of spray volume and a nozzle type on product deposition and distribution in apple tree canopies, as well as spray coverage on leaves obtained in different phenological growth stages. The spray volumes 250, 500 and 750 l·ha-1 were applied with fine spray and coarse spray nozzles generating droplets of VMD around 150 µm and 400 µm respectively. A cross-flow sprayer Munckhof was used at driving velocity 5.0 km·h-1 to apply fluorescent dye as a spray liquid. During flowering the greatest deposition was obtained at the spray volume 250 l·ha-1 applied with the coarse spray nozzles. The spray volume 750 l·ha-1 resulted in the best coverage in the tree centre. During development of fruit, deposition in the canopy centre was at a constant level irrespective of the spray volume and a droplet size. At the stage of fruit maturity the best coverage was observed for fine spray nozzles and spray volumes 500 and 750 l·ha-1. The use of coarse spray nozzles resulted in coverage reduction by 50%.