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1
Content available remote Delineating spring recharge areas inferred from morphological, lithological, and hydrological datasets on Quaternary volcanic landscapes at the southern flank of Rinjani Volcano, Lombok Island, Indonesia
Setiawan Ogi, Sartohadi Junun, Hadi M. Pramono, Mardiatno Djati
Acta Geophysica
|
2019
|
Vol. 67, no. 1
177--190
EN
Springs are a vital source of water supply in Quaternary volcanic environments, such as Rinjani Volcano on Lombok Island, and yet little is known about their emergence and recharge areas. Knowledge of spring recharge area can substantially support further spring analysis and management. This study was performed in two spring zones on the southern flank of Rinjani Volcano. It combined the available morphological, lithological, and hydrological datasets to build a conceptual model of the spring recharge areas. According to the analysis results, the conceptual model allowed to describe the flow medium, the aquifer type, and the characteristics of the flow system. The local morphology controlled the direction and gradient of groundwater flow to the springs. The analysis also revealed that the spring water in the study area was meteoric water, which mainly came from rainwater infiltration. Therefore, the boundaries of the spring recharge areas were represented by the morphological divides.
2
Content available remote Method of programming the nitinol springs in the space of the kiln chamber
Wieczorek B., Kukla M., Wojtkowiak D., Okoniewicz P., Ostrowska K.
Technical Transactions
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2017
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Vol. 11(114)
221--232
EN
This paper shows a method of programming the NiTinol springs by heating them up in the furnace chamber filled with technical nitrogen. A fully specified methodology, which consists of preparing the spring forms, the numerical analysis of the heating time and the description of the heating process are presented in this article. The effectiveness of the following method is confirmed using research of shape retention after a series of duty cycles performed by an activated NiTinol spring.
PL
W artykule opisano sposób programowania sprężyn z NiTinolu z wykorzystaniem pieca z atmosferą azotu technicznego. W ramach artykułu opisano metodykę procesu. W jej skład wchodzi metoda przygotowania form ze sprężynami, obliczenia numeryczne początkowych nastaw pieca oraz opis procedury wygrzewania w atmosferze azotu. Praca została podsumowana badaniami odwzorowania kształtu sprężyny po procesie programowania.
3
Content available Występowanie i reżim źródeł szczaw i wód kwasowęglowych w zlewni górnej Muszynki
Buczyński S., Modelska M., Wcisło M.
Przegląd Geologiczny
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2017
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Vol. 65, nr 1
23--31
EN
CO2-reach springs are the natural treasure of the Polish Carpathians, including the research region (ca. 11.5 km2) of the Muszynka River basin, located in the areas of Tylicz-Spa and Krynica-Spa with developed mineral water industry. Previous investigations suggest that springs arepar- tially vanishing or their hydrochemical and hydrodynamic regime is disturbed. To clear this problem, the authors analyzed periodical or stationary measurements made in the course of documenting, water producer operation, and own observations within a period of good data availability (1973-2014) for CO2-rich springs. The springs investigated in the Tylicz region are characterized by a variable and strongly time-dependent CO2 content (rangingfrom 352 mg/dm3 to 3 g/dm3). The discharge is relatively low and rarely exceeds 0.05 dm3/s. The research results show disappearance of two springs (T-10 and T-15) within the period of interest. Massive floods (in 1997, 1998, 2002-2004, 2010) are indicated as the probable main reason. In another three springs (T-13, T-14, T-17) the CO2 content dropped below 250 mg/dm3. The stationary measurements of two springs (Zdrój Główny and Bradowiec in Tylicz) allow concluding about poor correlation between investigated parameters (temperature, pH, CO2 content, electrical conductivity) and apparent influence ofmeteorological agents. Potential anthropogenic agents (borehole discharge, digging works) probably do not influence the CO2-rich spring regime or it has not been detected yet.
4
Content available Reżim wydajności wybranych źródeł Austrii, Czech, Niemiec i Polski
Moniewski P.
Przegląd Geologiczny
|
2016
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Vol. 64, nr 7
472--480
EN
The long-term characteristics of the discharge regime in European springs are not well known yet. In presenting the springs, stress should be laid on their discharge variability and seasonality. The paper presents mean monthly discharges in 86 springs from four countries: Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany and Poland, measured over a period of several years. The analyses were based on discharge variability coefficients (V R, CV) and Markham's seasonality parameters: seasonality index and time of concentration. The results were interpreted with reference to three basic types of hydrogeological outflows: in karst, fissure and porous springs. The regime of most investigated springs is complex (57% of all springs), and nival supply clearly dominates over precipitation supply (49% vs.8 %). Nival supply dominates also among the springs with simple regimes, as a culmination of the discharge in 35% of these outflows was observed in the spring months. In the karst spring, characterized by higher seasonal discharge, it occurs on average about three weeks later than in the fissure springs. The seasonality index of the porous outflows is several times lower, and the discharge concentration time occurs at the beginning of May. Seasonal spring discharge wasfound to be correlated with the spring elevation; the discharge of springs located at higher elevations is characterized by greater seasonal variability and later concentration date.
5
Content available remote Elementy sprężyste fazowników samoczynnych
Cichosz P., Karolczak P., Kołodziej M., Kowalski M., Kuzinovski M., Skowronek H., Waszczuk K.
Mechanik
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2016
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R. 89, nr 10
1424--1425
PL
Przedstawiono wymagania, możliwości i uwarunkowania techniczne zastosowania różnych rodzajów sprężyn w fazownikach samoczynnych. Podano zalecenia do doboru sprężyn dla różnych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych narzędzi.
EN
The paper presents requirements, opportunities and technical conditions to use different types of springs in self-acting beveling tools. They were given instructions to the selection of springs for various tools design solutions.
6
Content available Wykorzystanie systemów CAD w projektowaniu i analizie wytrzymałościowej sprężyn tłumika drgań skrętnych
Chomka G., Chudy J., Kwaśnik M.
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
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2016
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R. 17, nr 8
207--211
PL
W artykule przedstawiono próbę oceny wpływu stanu sprężyn tłumika drgań skrętnych na pracę samochodowego sprzęgła ciernego. Szczególnie uwagę poświęcono określeniu związku zwiotczenia sprężyn na ich współczynnik tłumienia czy czas relaksacji.
EN
The article presents an attempt to assess the impact of the state of spring torsional vibration damper on the work of automotive friction clutch. Particular attention was paid to determining the relationship between flaccidity springs and damping coefficient or relaxation time.
7
Content available Sezonowa zmienność temperatur wód podziemnych drenowanych przez wybrane źródła w Karpatach wewnętrznych
Szostakiewicz-Hołownia M.
Przegląd Geologiczny
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2015
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Vol. 63, nr 10/2
1085--1090
EN
Studies of spring waters, especially in mountainous areas, where there are no well boreholes, provide valuable information on the dynamics and chemistry of groundwater. The results of one and a half year monitoring of five selected springs located in the Inner Carpathians were presented in the article. All the springs drain cool, slightly alkaline waters with a low mineralization, which classifies them into acratopegae. In the ionic composition of studied waters bicarbonates, calcium, and magnesium are dominated. In particular, attention was drawn to changes in temperature, since their analysis allowed a relative assessment of the depth of water circulation drained by the springs
8
Content available Chemizm wód źródeł w zlewni Markowego Potoku, Babiogórski Park Narodowy
Malata M., Motyka J.
Przegląd Geologiczny
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2015
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Vol. 63, nr 10/2
912--918
EN
The purpose of this paper is to describe the variability of the chemical characteristics of springwater in the Marków Potok catchment. Five springs were selected for research purposes. The research was performed in spring and summer 2013 and 2014. Ca was found as the most common cation, HCO3 was the most common anion and NO3 was dominated in the biogenic compounds in the analysed springwater. Comparing the period of spring and summer the highest values of most of the chemical characteristics of water occurred in the summer, the lowest in the spring. It was found that chemical properies of water springs were shaped by the diverse geological structure of the catchment area, climatic conditions, the process of dilution and the biological activity of the basin.
9
Content available remote Analysis of long-term fluctuations in stream flow time series: An Application to Litani River, Lebanon
Shaban A., Telesca L., Darwich T., Amacha N.
Acta Geophysica
|
2014
|
Vol. 62, no. 1
164--179
EN
Litani River is the largest river in Lebanon and has been affected by several physical and anthropogenic factors that influenced its flow dynamics. By means of the Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA), the time dynamics of the stream flow of seven sites along the course of Litani River was investigated, extracting for each site the long-term trend. A clear decreasing trend characterizes all the long-term trends of the stream flow. Furthermore, several peaks were identified, consistent with the rainfall rate and snow cover variability.
10
Content available Obliczenia odporności na zużycie zmęczeniowe sprężyn stosowanych w kolumnach typu McPherson
Kułakowska A., Patyk R.
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
|
2011
|
R. 12, nr 5
253-258
PL
W artykule przedstawiono numeryczne obliczenia odporności na zmęczenie sprężyny zawieszenia typu McPherson. Omówiono również podstawowe zagadnienia związane ze zmęczeniem materiału i metodą elementów skończonych. Opracowano model geometryczny 3D sprężyny. Przeprowadzono analizy statyczne a następnie odporności na zmęczenie. Uzyskane wyniki przedstawiono w postaci rysunków i wykresów. Pracę zakończono wnioskami.
EN
In the paper calculations of fatigue wear resistance of the McPherson springs are presented. The basic definition conducted with material fatigue and Finite Element Method were discussed. Geometrical model 3D of the spring was elaborated. Numerical, static analysis were conducted and the next fatigue resistance analysis. Received results as graphs and figures are presented. The paper finishes with conclusions.
11
FEM analysis of surface flaw of wire during drawing used in spring of automobile and medical instrument
Yoshida K., Shinohara T.
Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze
|
2005
|
Vol. 72, nr 2
136-139
EN
The high surface quality of drawn wire and rods have been required from the field of automobile, machine and medical test. Using three-dimensional FEA, this study analyzed wire breaks that occurred in the drawing fine wires containing inclusion and flaws on the wire surface. The growth and disappearance mechanisms of flaws such as transversal cracks and scratches on a wire surface during wire drawing were investigated.
PL
Od drutów i prętów przeznaczonych do produkcji w przemyśle motoryzacyjnym i medycznym wymagana jest wysoka jakość powierzchni. W pracy przedstawiono trój-osiowy model odkształcenia ciała, analizowano pęknięcia występujące w cienkich drutach zawierających wtrącenia oraz wady powierzchni. Badano wzrost i mechanizm zanikania pęknięć poprzecznych i rys powstających na powierzchni drutu podczas procesu ciągnienia.
12
Content available remote Historia rozwoju sprężyn
Branowski B., Śledziński M.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
1999
|
R. 44, nr 2
107--122
EN
The history of spring construction is chronologically characterized. A description of various mechanisms with elastic elements is presented. Subsequent phases of development are illustrated by examples of inventions in the domain of military and transportation technology, significant to humankind.
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