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Analysis of the Diversity of Spontaneous Urban Flora – The Case of Temara City, Morocco

Boukita Hassan, Ziri Rabea, Brhadda Najiba, Chemchaoui Abdelazziz, Ghazi Souad, Elwahab Fathalah, Benchahid Boutaina, El Ammari Mohamed

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 1

300--306

EN

Spontaneous flora offers many functions and potentialities in the urban ecosystem. However, few studies have been carried out on this subject in Morocco. The present study aimed to analyze the diversity of spontaneous flora in the urban area of Temara, to contribute to interpreting the structure and dynamics of Moroccan spontaneous flora. During the study, 90 floristic surveys were carried out along four transects, marked A, B, C, and D so that each transect started from the city center and went in one of the four directions of the study area. Transect A ran northwards from the city center, transect B westwards, transect C southwards, and transect D eastwards from the city center. To carry out the floristic surveys, several survey areas were chosen, given the heterogeneity of the urban environment. These areas ranged from a few cm2 for rock fissure plants, through 10 to 25 m2 for grasslands, to 25 to 100 m2 for forest cuttings. The results revealed a total of 137 taxa grouped in 116 genera and belong to 33 floristic families. The Asteraceae family came out on top, with 30 species (21.90%) and 24 genera, and the Poaceae family was in second place with 21 species (15.33%) divided into 20 genera. Analysis of this floristic list indicates a predominance of the therophyte life form (48.90%), then hemicryptophytes (26.28%) followed by geophytes (10.22%) in terms of biological type, and a predominance of the Mediterranean element (31.19%) in terms of chorological type. Of the 137 taxa inventoried, 10 are very rare, 1 is rare, 1 has a doubtful presence, and 2 are endemics. This study showed that even in a disturbed and fragmented environment, such as the urban environment, certain spontaneous plant species adapt to the conditions prevailing in this habitat and show considerable diversity, thus contributing to a better interpretation of the composition and dynamics of the country’s flora.

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Mezyn National Natural Park as a centre of forest phytodiversity maintaince of north-eastern Ukraine

Каrpenko Yurii

Studia Quaternaria

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2020

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Vol. 37, Nr 1

21--29

EN

Mezyn National Natural Park is in the north part of the Korop District of the Chernihiv Region, 310 km2 in area, is characteristic for its strongly dismembered landscape that stipulates presence of varied localities, among them there are exterminated glaciofluvial plains, slopes and super streamside terraces. Aim of research included an expose of the value of the Mezyn NNP in maintenance of forest diversity of vascular plants and forest communities. In the Mezyn NNP there are 772 species of spontaneous flora, 194 species of the cultivated flora and 18 rarity species. The rarest species are concentrated in the centre and the east, prats of the park richer in vegetation cover. In the forest group of the Mezyn NNP 10 species of vascular plants are recordered in the Red book of the Ukraine. The wooden territory of the Mezyn NNP presents 38% and provides the variety of ecotopic terms after they provides a wide spectrum of representation and protection of forest species of vascular plants and corresponding phytocommunites.

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Ecological Features of Spontaneous Vascular Flora of Serpentine Post-Mining Sites in Lower Silesia

Kasowska D., Koszelnik-Leszek A.

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2014

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Vol. 40, no. 2

33--52

EN

The aim of this study was to determine the ecological characteristics of vascular plants colonizing serpentine mining waste dumps and quarries in Lower Silesia. The investigated flora was analyzed with regard to species composition, geographical-historical status, life forms, as well as selected ecological factors, such as light and trophic preferences, soil moisture and reaction, value of resistance to increased heavy metals content in the soil, seed dispersal modes and occurrence of mycorrhiza. There were 113 species of vascular plants, belonging to 28 families, found on seven sites in the study. The most numerous families were Asteraceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae and Caryophyllaceae. Only 13% of all plants recorded occurred on at least five of the study sites. The most numerous were species related to dry grassland communities, particularly of the Festuco-Brometea class, which included taxa endangered in the region of Lower Silesia: Avenula pratensis, Salvia pratensis, Festuca valesiaca. Apophytes dominated in the flora of the investigated communities. Hemicryptophytes were the most numerous group and therophytes were also abundant. The serpentine mining waste dumps and querries hosted heliophilous species which prefer mesic or dry habitats moderately poor in nutrients, featuring neutral soil reaction. On two study sites 30% of the flora composition consisted of species that tolerate an increased content of heavy metals in the soil. Anemochoric species were the most numerous with regard to types of seed dispersal. Species with an arbuscular type of mycorrhiza were definitely dominant in the flora of all the study sites, however, the number of nonmycorrhizal species was also relatively high. It was suggested that both the specific characteristics of the habitats from serpentine mining and the vegetation of adjacent areas had a major impact on the flora composition of the communities in the investigated sites.

PL

Celem badań było dokonanie charakterystyki ekolologicznej roślin naczyniowych zasiedlających siedem obiektów, takich jak: zwały odpadów i wyrobiska kamieniołomów związanych z wydobyciem serpentynitu na Dolnym Śląsku. Florę przeanalizowano pod kątem przynależności do grup geograficzno-historycznych. Dla każdego gatunku przyporządkowano formę życiową wg klasyfikacji Raunkiaera oraz wartości wskaźników: świetlnego, wilgotności, trofizmu, kwasowości gleby i odporności na metale ciężkie. Określono sposób dyspersji nasion oraz status mikoryzowy analizowanych gatunków. Na terenie wszystkich obiektów stwierdzono obecność 113 gatunków roślin naczyniowych, należących do 28 rodzin, z których najliczniej reprezentowane były: Asteraceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae i Caryophyllaceae. W składzie flory najczęściej notowane były rośliny muraw kserotermicznych z klasy Festuco-Brometea, wśród których obecne były gatunki zagrożone w skali Dolnego Śląska: Avenula pratensis, Salvia pratensis i Festuca valesiaca. Dominującą grupą gatunków były apofi ty. Wśród form życiowych najliczniej reprezentowane były hemikryptofi ty ale udział terofitów był także wysoki. Pod względem wymagań siedliskowych, analizowana fl ora składała się w większości z gatunków światłolubnych, preferujących siedliska świeże lub suche oraz umiarkowanie ubogie w składniki pokarmowe, o odczynie obojętnym. W dwóch miejscach badań gatunki tolerujące zwiększoną zawartość metali ciężkich w glebie stanowiły około 30% składu flory. Ze względu na sposób rozprzestrzeniania diaspor, najliczniej reprezentowane były anemochory. Gatunki z arbuskularnym typem mikoryzy zdecydowanie dominowały w analizowanej fl orze, niemniej jednak udział gatunków niemikoryzowych był stosunkowo wysoki. Zasugerowano, iż zespół niekorzystnych cech podłoża serpentynitowego oraz roślinność terenów przyległych miały główny wpływ na skład florystyczny badanych zbiorowisk.