Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Towards a viable method of reusing silicon carbide. Physicochemical analyses in the studies on the industrial application of the material

Niemczyk-Wojdyła Anna, Fornalczyk Agnieszka, Willner Joanna, Zawisz Rafał

Environment Protection Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 47, nr 4

43--52

EN

The paper presents an investigation on the feasibility of recovery of the highly valuable silicon carbide (SiC) from the slurry waste generated from silicon wafer production in the photovoltaic and semiconductor industry. Compared to the other techniques of recycling, a facile and low-cost method of waste treatment via heat drying followed by low-energy mixing in a shaker mixer was proposed. As the result of the treatment, the slurry waste was converted into a powdered form with dominant content of SiC. Separated SiC material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and sieve analysis. In addition, analyses of the bulk density, moisture content and melting test were carried out. As was confirmed by the physicochemical analyses, the dominant sieve fraction was in the range of 0.1-0.06 mm, the purity level was a minimum 99% mass of SiC, the moisture content - 0.3%, the bulk density - 1.3 g/cm3. The physicochemical characteristics of the material were crucial for understanding the material performance, assessment of the material quality and determining the perspective directions of the industrial application. The studies revealed that the material exhibited a high application potential as abrasive, especially in abrasive grinding and waterjet cutting.

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Analysis of a Castings Quality and Metalworking Technology. Treasure of the Bronze Age Axes

Garbacz-Klempka A., Kaczmarek Ł., Kwak Z., Kozana J., Piękoś M., Perek-Nowak M., Długosz P.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 18, iss. 3

179--285

EN

Cast axes are one of the most numerous categories of bronze products from earlier phases of the Bronze Age found in Poland. They had multiple applications since they were not only used objects such as tools or weapons but also played the prestigious and cult roles. Investigations of the selected axes from the bronze products treasure of the Bronze Age, found in the territory of Poland, are presented in the hereby paper. The holder of these findings is the State Archaeological Museum in Warsaw. Metallurgical investigations of axes with bushing were performed in respect of the casting technology and quality of obtained castings. Macroscopic observations allowed to document the remains of the gating system and to assess the range and kind of casting defects. Light microscopy revealed the microstructure character of these relicts. The chemical composition was determined by means of the X-ray fluorescence method with energy dispersion (ED-XRF) and by the scanning electron microscopy with X-ray energy dispersion analysis in micro-areas (SEM-EDS). The shape and dimensions of cores, reproducing inner parts of axes were identified on the basis of the X-ray tomography images. Studies reconstructed production technology of the mould with gating system, determined chemical composition of the applied alloys and casting structures as well as revealed the casting defects being the result of construction and usage of moulds and cores.

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The Analysis of Foundry Engineering of Copper Alloys Based on the Research of a Metallurgist Settlement in Szczepidło

Garbacz-Klempka A., Makarowicz P., Tokarski T.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 17, iss. 1

45--50

EN

The article presents chosen aspects of foundry engineering of the settlement dwellers, including the archaeometric characteristics and metal science analysis of the artefacts, as well as an attempted reconstruction of the production organization. Discovered in Szczepidło (Greater Poland), the foundry workshop is unique in Central European Bronze Age. This workshop foundry operated roughly XIV-XII Century BC. Its production is evidenced by the presence of markers of the whole production cycle: semi-finished and finished products, production waste, fragments of crucibles and casting ladles with traces of usage, and tools. On this basis the alloys and foundry technologies used have been described. The analysis of foundry technology of copper alloys in the settlement area was carried out by observing the surface and structure of the products, semi-finished artefacts and fragments of crucibles by applying optical microscopy (OM), confocal microscopy (CLSM) and X-ray radiography (RT). The investigations of compositions were made by means of the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (ED-XRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray analysis system (EDS).

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Bronze Jewellery from the Early Iron Age urn-field in Mała Kępa. An approach to casting technology

Garbacz-Klempka A., Kowalski Ł., Gackowski J., Perek-Nowak M.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 17, iss. 3

175--183

EN

This study characterizes the bronze jewellery recovered from the Lusatian culture urn-field in Mała Kępa (Chełmno land, Poland). Among many common ornaments (e.g. necklaces, rings, pins) the ones giving evidence of a steppe-styled inspiration (nail earrings) were also identified. With the dendritic microstructures revealed, the nail earrings prove the implementing of a lost-wax casting method, whereas some of the castings were further subjected to metalworking. The elemental composition indicates the application of two main types of bronze alloys: Cu-Sn and Cu-Sn-Pb. It has been established that the Lusatian metalworkers were familiar with re-melting the scrap bronze and made themselves capable of roasting the sulphide-rich ores. The collection from Mała Kępa has been described in terms of its structure and composition. The investigations were made by means of the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (ED-XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive X - ray analysis system (EDS) and optical microscopy (OM). In order to fingerprint an alloy profile of the castings with a special emphasis on the nail earrings, the data-set (ED-XRF, EDS) was statistically evaluated using multidimensional analyses (FA, DA).

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EDS technique appliance for investigation of laser remelted and alloyed magnesium cast alloys

Konieczny J., Labisz K., Włodarczyk-Fligier A., Polok-Rubiniec M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 69, nr 2

59--63

EN

Purpose: The paper presents the results of the qualitative and quantitative microanalysis of the chemical composition of the MgAl6Zn1 alloy. Design/methodology/approach: The magnesium alloy has been heat treatment at 505°C for 600 min and ageing at 170°C for 720 min. The study was performed on a transmission electron microscope FEI TITAN company operating at 300kV operating voltage. The qualitative and quantitative microanalysis of the chemical composition of the Mg alloy microareas was examined using EDS. Findings: Analysis of the results of the concentration of the main alloying elements in the separation test using various magnifications revealed that with an increase in the share of the magnification of the alloying elements. This increase is referred to a linear, the regression coefficient R2, depending on the test element is in the range 0.84-0.97. Practical implications: Tested MgAl6Zn1 alloy can be applied among the others in automotive industry but it requires additional researches. Originality/value: It was demonstrated that the lower magnesium concentration in the EDS results is connected with the increase of magnification induces an effect of X-rays scattering only from the analysed particles and the effect of Mg matrix is limited.

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Diffused phase transition of polycrystalline (Ba0.80Sr0.20)TiO3

Kajtoch C., Bąk W., Gabryś M., Handke B., Starzyk F.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2009

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Vol. 39, nr 2

88-91

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to determinate the influence of the 20% Sr substitutions (in sublattice A) on changes of the character of phase transition (PT) in comparison with pure barium titanate BaTiO3 (BT). Design/methodology/approach: Polycrystalline samples of (Ba0.80Sr0.20)TiO3 (BS20T) were prepared by calcinations method at temperature 1620 K. X-ray measurements were executed from 10 deg to 120 deg with the 0.008 deg step. Images of the morphology of the samples were taken by means of electron microscope Philips SEM 525M at room temperature. Dielectric measurements were performed with application of Quatro Cryosystem 4.0 Agilent Precision LRC meter HP4824A equipped with WinDETA 5.62 software Novocontrol. Measurements were taken under cooling with 2 K/min speed. Measuring electric field frequency was from the range 20 Hz - 1 MHz. Findings: The difference between the value of temperature of structural transition (cubic-tetragonal) equal 310K and the temperature Tm (the temperature of maximum of real part electric permittivity) equal 340 K was affirmed. It was affirmed, that 20% substitution of Sr ions changed the type of phase transition. The transition was strongly diffused (DPT). The polar character of this solid solution was also observed in a broad temperature range (in the paraelectric phase too). It is connected with the occurrence of polar regions (clusters). Research limitations/implications: The results can be used to describe changes of PT in the DPT solid solutions with ferroactive substitutions in sublattice A. Originality/value: Value of this work relies on the experimental examination of the dielectric properties of (Ba0.80Sr0.20)TiO3 (BS20T) solid solution. The temperature of the DPT was calculated. The low value of phase angle is connected with the existence of the polar regions.

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Określenie szybkości degradacji warstw ochronnych łączników przy pomocy spektroskopii rentgenowskiej

Karwat C.

Mechanizacja i Automatyzacja Górnictwa

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2006

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R. 44, nr 8

34-37

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań szybkości uszkadzania się warstwy ochronnej srebra naniesionej na styki miedziane łącznika instalacyjnego. Sformułowano odpowiednie wnioski dotyczące doboru odpowiedniej grubości pokrycia srebrem dla danych warunków pracy zestyku łącznika.

EN

The results of the tests of the damage rate of protective silver coating spread on the switch contacts made of copper have been presented in the paper. There have been formulated the adequate conclusions relating to the choice of a suitable silver coating for the given operating conditions of the contacts.

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Nowe ceramiczne materiały superjonowa do zastosowań w ogniwach paliwowych typu IT-SOFC

Paściak G., Chmielowiec J., Bujło P.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Podstaw Elektrotechniki i Elektrotechnologii Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Konferencje

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2003

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Vol. 38, nr 13

173-179

PL

Praca zawiera opis syntezy oraz wyniki badań struktury i pomiarów elektrycznych nowych, ceramicznych materiałów superjonowych bazujących na Bi2O3 (BIMEVOX oraz 5-Bi2O3). Materiały te charakteryzują się wysoką przewodnością jonową (ok. 0,1 S/crn) w stosunkowo niskich temperaturach (600 stopni C), co pozwala na ich zastosowanie jako elektrolity w ogniwach paliwowych typu IT-SOFC. Pomiary przewodności jonowej tych materiałów wykonano metodami stało i zmiennoprądowymi natomiast badania struktury przeprowadzono metodą spektroskopii rentgenowskiej. Wykonano również badania stabilności termodynamicznej opracowanych materiałów w atmosferze beztlenowej. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań wytypowano najodpowiedniejsze przewodniki superjonowe do zastosowania w ogniwach paliwowych.

EN

Paper include description of synthesis and results of the structural research and electrical measurements of new ceramic superionic materials based on Bi2O3) (BIMEVOX and 5-Bi2O3). These materials characterize high ionic conductivity (about 0,1 S/cm) at relatively low temperatures (600 deg.C) what enables their application as an electrolyte in fuel cells IT-SOFC. Measurements of the ionic conductivity of these materials were done by use of DC and AC method however structural research were performed by use of X-ray spectroscopy. Investigations of the thermodynamic stability in oxygen-free atmosphere of elaborated materials were also performed. Based on investigations the most suitable superionic conductors for applications in fuel cells were selected.