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Phonetic study of voiced and voiceless stops in Hindi

Juglan K. C., Kaur J., Upadhyay R. K.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

2011

Vol. 16, no 3

661-670

This paper presents findings from a phonetic study of voiced and voiceless stops. To distinguish voiced and voiceless stops, we have to measure three parameters, namely the vowel length, duration of CVC syllables and voice onset time (VOT) of the word-initial consonants. For measuring the vowel length and gap duration, we considered 10 voiced (/b, d, d., g, d3/) and voiceless (/p, t, t., k, t /) stop consonants and two abutted vowels /a/ and /i/. For measuring voice onset time, we considered 3 voiced (/b, d., g/) and voiceless (/p, t., k/) stop consonants. These sounds were recorded with the help of GOLDWAVE software in the sound proof lab at C-DAC (Centre for Development of Advanced Computing), NOIDA. The utterances were acoustically analyzed via PRAAT. The values of target stops were obtained from the waveform and verified with the spectrogram. The wide band spectrograms and text grids were plotted by using "PRAAT" software.

Digitally controlled active noise reduction with integrated speech communication

Steeneken H. J. M., Verhave J.

Archives of Acoustics

2004

Vol. 29, no. 3

397-409

Active noise reduction is a successful addition to passive ear-defenders for improvement of the sound attenuation at low frequencies. Design and assessment methods are discussed, focused on subjective and objective attenuation measurements, stability, and high noise level applications. Active noise reduction systems are suitable for integration with an intercom. For this purpose the intelligibility in combination with environmental noise is evaluated. Development of a system includes the acoustical design, the (digital) feedback control, and the speech input facility. In order to achieve optimal performance a specific audio design is required. An example of such a development is discussed.