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EN
In order to control the distribution characteristics of the far-field ring-shaped array, we introduce a new light source to produce adjustable far-field distribution by the method of weight function superposition. It has been shown that, by changing the parameters of the light source, one can obtain far-field with various distribution, including distribution with decrease in spectral intensity of specified rings, distribution with disappearances of specified rings, distribution with different spectral intensity of part of lobes in the continuous rings, distribution with part of the lobes in specified rings disappearing and distribution with some lobes in specified rings being stronger. These results will produce some novel far-field distributions which may provide a new idea for further study concerning about the manipulations of far-field array distribution.
EN
The far-zone spectral density of light waves scattered on a particulate medium was discussed, and the influence of characteristics of the medium on the far-zone scattered spectral density was investigated. It is shown that the normalized spectral density of the scattered field is closely related with the structural characteristics of the particles collection, including the relative size of particles and the distribution information of particles in the collection. These results may provide potential application in the reconstruction of the structure information of particulate medium.
EN
This paper investigates the noise levels present at various points in the FOSREM type fiber optic seismograph. The main aim of this research was to discover magnitudes of noise, introduced by various components of the analog and optical circuits of the device. First, the noise present in the electronic circuit without any optics connected is measured. Further experiments show noise levels including the detector diode not illuminated and illuminated. Additional tests were carried out to prove the necessity of analog circuitry shielding. All measurements were repeated using three powering scenarios which investigated the influence of power supply selection on noise. The results show that the electronic components provide a sufficient margin for the use of an even more precise detector diode. The total noise density of the whole device is lower than 4⋅10⁻⁷ rad/(s√Hz). The use of a dedicated Insulating Power Converter as a power supply shows possible advantages, but further experiments should be conducted to provide explicit thermic confirmation of these gains.
EN
The far-zone behavior of polychromatic light waves on scattering from an anisotrophic semi-soft boundary medium with spectral dependence was considered, and the spectral density and the spectral degree of coherence of the far-zone scattered field were investigated. It is shown that the distributions of the spectral density and the spectral degree of coherence of scattered field are closely related with the rms width, the center wavelength, and the maximum value of the center wavelength of the scattering potential of the scattering medium.
EN
In this work the method of analyzing of the absolutely continuous spectrum for self-adjoint operators is considered. For the analysis it is used an approximation of a self-adjoint operator A by a sequence of operators An with absolutely continuous spectrum on a given interval [a, b] which converges to A in a strong sense on a dense set. The notion of equi-absolute continuity is also used. It was found a sufficient condition of absolute continuity of the operator A spectrum on the finite interval [a, b] and the condition for that the corresponding spectral density belongs to the class Lp[a,b] (p ≥ 1). The application of this method to Jacobi matrices is considered. As one of the results we obtain the following assertion: Under some mild assumptions, suppose that there exist a constant C > 0 and a positive function g(x) ∈ Lp[a, b] (p ≥ 1).such that for all n sufficiently large and almost all [formula] the estimate [formula] holds, where Pn(x) are 1st type polynomials associated with Jacobi matrix (in the sense of Akhiezer) and bn is a second diagonal sequence of Jacobi matrix. Then the spectrum of Jacobi matrix operator is purely absolutely continuous on [a, b] and for the corresponding spectral density ƒ (x) we have ƒ (x) ∈ Lp[a,b].
EN
Two Fourier relations of light waves scattered by a random-distributed particulate medium have been investigated. We find that the scattered field and the particulate collection satisfy two Fourier relations, i.e. the spectral density is directly proportional to a Fourier transform of a convolution of correlation coefficient of each particle and correlation coefficient of distribution function of the whole collection, and the spectral degree of coherence is directly proportional to a Fourier transform of a convolution of strength of the scattering potential of each particle and strength of the distribution function of the whole collection. To illustrate these relations, behaviors of the far-field generated by Gaussian-correlated particles with Gaussian-correlated distributions have been discussed.
EN
Determining and forecasting of environmental influence of telecommunication equipment that is a source of electromagnetic radiation is still an actual challenge. The approach proposed enables to assess an impact of wide spectral electromagnetic sources on environment as well as to elaborate practical means of minimizing their influence.
PL
Wyznaczenie i prognozowanie wpływu urządzeń komunikacyjnych będących źródłami różnoczęstotliwościowego promieniowania elektromagnetycznego na otaczające środowisko jest problemem aktualnym. Zaproponowane podejście pozwala ocenić wpływ promieniowania elektromagnetycznego źródeł różnoczęstotliwościowych na otaczające środowisko i opracować praktyczne sposoby na jego zmniejszenie.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono badania struktury wiatru w tunelu aerodynamicznym, które w pierwszym etapie polegały na pomiarze prędkości przepływu termoanemometrami dwuwłóknowymi przy różnym układzie elementów turbulizujących, a w drugim - na analizie statystycznej sygnałów pomiarowych. Na tej podstawie otrzymano gęstości widmowe mocy w odniesieniu do 45 ustawień elementów turbulizujących umiejscowionych na wlocie tunelu i na powierzchni jego podłogi, a następnie wybrano 6 ustawień, które można było opisać, za pomocą funkcji najbardziej zbliżonych do widma mocy rzeczywistego wiatru.
EN
The paper is devoted to the research of the wind structure in a wind tunnel. The work consist of the measurement of flow velocities with use of the X hot-wire anemometers at different sets of turbulizers, as well as the statistical analysis of the measured signals. Six turbulizers settings have been selected from from whole of 45 analyzed settings. The selection has been made on the basis of the functions representing PSD functions with most similarity to the PSD functions of the real wind.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów rozkładu ciśnienia na powierzchni walca przy sześciu rodzajach napływów. W pracy wykazano m.in. znaczny wpływ kształtu wykresu gęstości widmowej mocy na obciążenie wiatrem budowli, które mogą być modelowane jako taka bryła.
EN
The paper deals with measurements of a pressure distribution on circular cylinder for six types of the inflow. It is shown that the shape of power spectral density function significantly influences the wind action on buildings which may be modeled as such body.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów rozkładu ciśnienia na powierzchni prostopadłościanu przy sześciu rodzajach napływów oraz siedmiu kątach natarcia wiatru. Przeprowadzono analizę wpływu wymienionych parametrów na efekt działania wiatru na budowle o takim kształcie.
EN
The measurement results of the pressure distribution on the rectangular cylinder for six structures of the flow and seven angles of wind attack are presented in the paper. The authors have carried out the influence analysis of the flow parameters on the wind action on the buildings.
11
PL
Wpewnym okresie Trybuła zajmował się zagadnieniami związanymi z opisem systemów energetycznych na podstawie ogólnie dostępnych danych. W pracy przedstawiamy niektóre z jego klasycznych wyników, odsyłając do odpowiedniej literatury dotyczącej przypadków bardziej zaawansowanych. Przedstawiono statystyczną metodę określania funkcji przenoszenia połączonych systemów mocy na podstawie pomiarów przesyłanej mocy i częstotliwości w warunkach normalnej pracy.
EN
The research of Trybuła at the beginning of his scientific road was closely related to the mathematical modeling of interconnected power systems. Some of the important result from these subject is presented in the paper. The statistical method is presented to determine the transfer functions of such systems. The methods is based on power exchanges and frequency measurement during their normal operations with no artificial disturbances evoked.
12
Content available Informational essence of flicker-noise
EN
It was presented the computer simulation results of chaotic motion. They showed that flicker-constituent noises were contained the information about explored system features of internal structure. The criterion for estimation the change of mentioned structure by means of flicker-noises was offered.
PL
Podano wyniki komputerowego modelowania chaotycznego ruchu, które pokazują, że fliker-składowa szumu zawiera informację o osobliwościach wewnętrznej struktury badanego systemu. Zaproponowano kryteria oceny zmiany wewnętrznej struktury na podstawi fliker-szumów.
EN
An attempt was made to illustrate how the statistical analysis and spectral density analysis may be applied to the description of purifying process in the working sewage treatment plant. The suspension reduction process was simulated for different suspension input concentrations and the mathematical model of sewage treatment plant.
EN
Experimental investigations of the mixing intensity of dispersed system in a vessel with the reciprocating agitator are described in the paper. The data obtained were presented in a form of informational moments in the time and frequency domains. These statistical characteristics are often used as manipulative quantities describing the discrepancy between real and theoretical distributions of statistical suspension state variables.
15
Content available remote Wavelets for time series analysis - a survey and new results
EN
In the paper we review stochastic properties of wavelet coefficients for time series indexed by continuous or discrete time. The main emphasis is on decorrelation property and its implications for data analysis. Some new properties are developed as the rates of correlation decay for the wavelet coefficients in the case of long-range dependent processes such as the fractional Gaussian noise and the fractional autoregressive integrated moving average processes. It is proved that for such processes the within-scale covariance of the wavelet coefficients at lag k is O(k^2(H-N)-2), where H is the Hurst exponent and N is the number of vanishing moments of the wavelet employed. Some applications of decorrelation property are briefly discussed.
EN
The statistical approach to the rail testing tasks is preserved. The rail testing signals are ob-tained using the magneto-dynamical selecting method on the Lviv railway track section (Ukraine). The stationary frequency ranges for signals from typical non-faulted and faulted rails are investigated. The frequency range corresponding to defects image display is established. The basis of periodically correlated random processes (PCRP) and the scope of tasks which appear in rail testing using the PCRP methods analysis are stated. The complex of defect rail signals non-stationary correlation analysis is carried out. The possibilities of using the PCRP methods for separating the defect useful signal and localizing the defects on the early stage of their growth are shown.
PL
W pracy podano podejście statystyczne do problemu defektoskopii szyn torów kolejowych. Sygnały testowe otrzymane za pomocą metody magnetodynamicznej selekcji na odcinkach kolei Lwowskiej. Zbadano zakres częstotliwości sygnałów szyn z defektami i bez defektów w przybli-żeniu stacjonarnym. Omówiono zasady stosowania teorii okresowo skorelowanych procesów lo-sowych (OSPL) przy defektoskopii szyn kolejowych. Przeanalizowano wyniki niestacjonarnej analizy korelacyjnej sygnałów torów bez defektów. Wskazano możliwości stosowania metod statystyki OSPL dla wyodrębnienia sygnału użytecznego przy lokalizacji defektów torów we wczesnym stadium ich powstania.
PL
W pracy rozpatrzono model probabilistyczny sygnałów wibracji łożysk tocznych w postaci okresowo skorelowanych procesów losowych (OSPL). Omówiono własności tego modelu i poka-zano celowość jego wykorzystania przy rozwiązywaniu problemów diagnostyki łożysk tocznych. Przeanalizowano problem estymacji okresowo zmiennej gęstości widmowej OSPL i jej współ-czynników Fouriera przy nieznanym apriori okresie korelowalności. Opracowano koherentną metodę estymacji gęstości widmowej sygnałów wibracji. Rozpatrzono przykłady stosowania opra-cowanej metodologii koherentnej analizy widmowej przy diagnostyce wibracyjnej stanu łożysk tocznych wrzeciona szybkościowego.
EN
The probabilistic model of roller bearing vibrational signals in the form of periodically correlated random processes (PCRP) is considered in the paper. The properties of given approach are shown and the advisability of its using in the tasks of roller bearing unit vibrodiagnostics is analysed. The task of estimating the periodical changeable PCRP spectral density and its Fourier components with apriori unknown correlation period is formulated. The coherent method of PCRP spectral density statistical estimating are elaborated. The examples of elaborated methodology of coherent spectral estimation application for vibrodiagnostic of technical state of the highspeed spindle rolling bearing units are considered.
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