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1 Polish Journal of Ecology

1 2000

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Effect of spatial scale on relationship between plant species richness and microclimate in a forested ecosystem

Xu M., Qi Y.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2000

Vol. 48, nr 1

77-88

This study examined how the correlation between plant species richness and microclimate varies when aggregation scales change from 10 to 3000 m. We measured soil moisture and air, soil and soil surface temperatures in the Southeastern Missouri Ozarks. Measurement were taken every 10 m along a 4250 m transect during the 1996 growing season. Plants up to 2 m above ground were sampled using 1 x 1 m^2 plots to record average height and coverage by species. We found that the correlation between understory plant species richness and temperature was, in general, highly dependent on spatial scale. The correlation coefficients were small, or even negative, at small scales, and the highest correlation occured around the 1500 m scale. Univariate linear regression analysis at 1500 m scale indicated that growing season mean temperatures of air, soil, and soil surface explained 83%, 76%, and 74% of the total variance in species richness, respectively. Microclimate variables, including seasonal mean, minimum and maximum temperatures of air, soil, and soil surface and seasonal soil moisture, explained 98% of the total variance in plant species richness (R^2=0,98, n=277, P<0,01) at 1500m scale. The results from this study suggest that the species-energy theory was adequately supported at certain spatial scales (around 1500m in this case), but less supported at other scales within the range under study. The findings indicate the necessity, feasibility, and difficulty to incorporate spatial scales explicitly into the species-energy theory.