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Effect of different extrusion temperature and speed on extrusion welds

Bingöl S., Keskin M. S.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2007

Vol. 23, nr 2

39-42

Purpose: In this study, it is aimed to investigate the structure of seam weld and transverse weld sections comparatively. To achieve this, it is studied on an extrusion profile type which has seam weld and transverse weld regions. Design/methodology/approach: Producing extrusion profile has been performed by a press, which has a capacity of 1460 tones, in a real producing and carried out by changing the exit temperature and ram speed, which are the important parameters. Exit temperature TE, is chosen as 440, 475, 500, 520 and 560 degrees centigrade. Extrusion speed is also taken in the base of ram speed VR, and production is carried out at the speeds of 2, 4, 6, 10 and 15 mm/s. Therefore the effects of extrusion parameters on macrostructure properties have been investigated. Findings: It is seen clearly that some differences are occurred from the viewpoint of structural features between the regions, when the experimental results are observed without regarding the extrusion parameters. In addition, it was observed commonly the structure of the material had a change through re-crystallization with increasing temperatures. This situation decreases the significance of seam weld regions. But insignificancy of seam weld region is designed as possible as can be from the viewpoint of decorative. However, when the macro structural figures have been investigated as the ram speed increases more significance on seam welds occurs. Research limitations/implications: Also some macrostructural differences in extrusion welds may occur for between having the other important extrusion parameters such as pressure and extrusion ratio. Therefore, effect of the other parameters can be investigated in future. Practical implications: In application, extrusion welds occur on both solid and hollow profiles. Moreover, extrusion temperature and speed often changes. This study shows that these parameters effect to macrostructure of extrusion welds. Originality/value: In this study, it is seen that different macrostructural properties take place due to the process parameters variations and natural of extrusion method in the extrusion production.

Study of welding of poly(ether-ester) elastomers. Part I. Influence of contents of flexible segments on morphology and mechanical properties

Kwiatkowski K., Rosłaniec Z.

Polimery

2004

T. 49, nr 4

268-274

Weldability of poly(ether-ester) (PEE) multiblock elastomers, which belong to the group of the thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), was investigated. Investigated PEE consisted of soft polyoxytetramethylene (FS) blocks and hard poly(butylene terephthalate) (RS) blocks; with the FS:RS ratio variable. Welds were prepared using the wire (rod) welding technique and extrusion welding. Optical and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize weld morphology and their mechanical properties (elongation, bending, impact strength). Materials for the seams were not dried prior to welding, so hydrolytic degradation took place during welding (250-300 °C), visible particularly in PEEs with higher RS content, as shown by results of flow rate measurements (MFR). The investigations demonstrate that the PEE elastomers containing predominantly the PTMO rich soft phase are well weldable using the applied techniques, even when non-dried material is used for the welds.

Przedstawiono wyniki badań spawania multiblokowych elastomerów poli(eterowo-estrowych) (PEE) zaliczanych do grupy elastomerów termoplastycznych (TPE). Badane PEE [wzór (I)] składały się z miękkich bloków polioksytrametylenowych (FS) i twardych bloków poli(tereftalanu butylenu) (RS); różniły się one wzajemnym stosunkiem FS:RS. Do wykonania połączeń zastosowano technikę spawania drutem (prętem) (wire welding, rys. 1) oraz spawania wytłocznego (extrusion welding, rys. 2). Metodami mikroskopii optycznej i skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej scharakteryzowano morfologię spoin (rys. 4-7) oraz ich właściwości mechaniczne (rozciąganie, zginanie, udarność, tabela 1, rys. 8, 9). Materiały spoin nie były suszone przed użyciem i dlatego podczas spawania (temp. 250-300 °C) zachodziła degradacja hydrolityczna, zwłaszcza widoczna w PEE o większej zawartości RS, co stwierdzono na podstawie pomiarów wskaźnika szybkości płynięcia (MFR, rys. 10). Wykazano, że PEE o przewadze miękkiej fazy polioksytetrametylenowej (FS) są spawalne zastosowanymi technikami spawania, nawet przy użyciu niesuszonych materiałów na spoiny.