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Spatial Scale Analysis of Soil Water Content in Agricultural Soils of the Nitra River Catchment (Slovakia)

Tárník Andrej, Igaz Dušan

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 1

112--119

EN

Determining the soil water content (SWC) in a soil profile is very important task for agriculture and also for a wider ecological context. The spatial and temporal variability of SWC is a elementary issue for agricultural practice, irrigation management, or landscape management globally. Various methods are used for obtaining the SWC data. Every method has some advantages and also disadvantages. Many of them are focused only on one dimension but modern precise agriculture needs the information about SWC in spatial scale. This study is focused on the spatial scale analysis of SWC in the Nitra river catchment for years 2013 and 2014. The HYDRUS 1D hydrological model and GIS tools were used for the creation maps of SWC. Combination of the measured and simulated data was used for the creation of the unique spatial maps of soil moisture in 0–30 and 30–60 cm soil horizons. Validation of our method shows trustworthy results. Soil water storage and fulfillment of maximum soil water storage were analysed with using the created maps.

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Scale effects on sediment yield from badland areas in Mediterranean environments

Martínez-Murillo J. F., Nadal-Romero E., Vanmaercke M., Poesen J.

Landform Analysis

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2011

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Vol. 17

105-109

EN

This study investigates area-specific Sediment Yield (SY) in Mediterranean badland areas at different spatial scales using a SY-database compiled from scientific literature. Relationships between the plot and catchment characteristics and the corresponding SY-data are analyzed. Results indicate that in Mediterranean environments SY is larger than in other environments,especially in badlands where a high variability of SY is observed depending on the spatial scale. In intensively gullied badlands,a complex plot or drainage area (A) -SY relationship is observed: for A ranging between 10-5 and 10 ha,SY is very high (mean SY equals 475 t ha-1 yr-1),whereas for A greater than 10 ha,SY decreases with increasing A (mean SY less than 100 t ha-1 yr-1).

3

On the scale dependence of evenness

Ulrich W.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2001

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Vol. 49, nr 1

91-94

EN

A recently reported (Wilson et al. 1999) effect of spatial scale on evenness is studied and it is shown that such a pattern is not necessarily an effect of changes in community structure at different scales but may simply result as a byproduct from constrains introduced by maximum and minimum allowed densities due to the sampling procedure. Evenness is found to be constant only if the species area relationship of the community under study has exactly the parameter values that are given by the parameter values of the relative abundance distribution of the community. Because such a situation will seldom occur under natural circumstances scale dependence of the evenness (and of related descriptors of structure) is expected to be a general feature.