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Use of Coontail as a Natural Phytoremediation Feed Additive for Common Carp

Kiziloğlu Ümmühan, Yıldırım Önder, Çantaş İsmail Berat

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2023

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Vol. 52, No. 1

102--110

EN

Ceratophyllum demersum is a submerged, rootless, free-floating macrophyte and natural aquatic phytoremediation. C. demersum has high efficiency in absorbing large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus in the aquatic environment. In this study, the effects of a natural phytoremediation Ceratophyllum demersum meal, as a dietary supplement, on growth performance, feed utilization, and body composition of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) were investigated. This was the first attempt to use coontail as a feed additive for common carp. Four isonitrogenous (38% crude protein), isolipidic (8% crude lipid), and isoenergetic (18 kJ g−1) diets were formulated control group (0%), CM5 group (5%), CM10 group (10%) and CM15 group (15%) in feed. Each dietary treatment was administered to triplicate in groups of 15 fish (~19 g). Carp were hand-fed to apparent saturation three times a day (09.00; 12.00 and 17.00). There was no difference between the control diet and 5% CM in terms of growth (final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate) and feed utilization (feed conversion rate, feed intake, feed efficiency) (p < 0.05). Increasing algae levels in diets improved protein levels in body compositions while decreasing lipid. There was no sign of appeared fish health indicators (disease or deformity) in all diet groups. This study results showed that instead of soybean meal, 5.75% and 6.07% as natural phytoremediation, C. demersum optimized the best growth and feed utilization performance in carp diets.

2

The influence of temperature on changes in the distinguishing features of the usable quality of soybean meal

Drzewieniecka Beata, Drzewieniecki Jan, Blatnický Miroslav

New Trends in Production Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 1, Iss. 1

377--383

EN

Soybean meal is one of the fodder components. It is a by-product of the production of soybean oil. Soybean meal is a specific cargo due to changes that may occur in it during transport processes. These changes are subject to many distinguishing features of usable quality inter alia fat and fatty acid content. The temperature and size of the soybean meal particles are among the factors influencing the transformations. The article presents the results of research on soybean meal and its individual fractions and the impact of selected indicators on the quality changes of this cargo. The results depend on the conditions corresponding to those that occur during the storage, handling and transport processes. The dependencies between them have been determined. The performed research allowed to determine the type and scope of changes taking place in this cargo under the influence of temperature. The results of the study showed that as the temperature rises, the fatty acid content in the soybean meal decreased during storage for a given period of 30 days.

3

The influence of external factors on hazards in the transport processes of soybean meal

Drzewieniecka Beata, Drzewieniecki Jan, Blatnický Miroslav

New Trends in Production Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 1, Iss. 1

301--307

EN

The influence of external factors on changes in the soybean meal quality features has an important meaning in the emergence of hazards during the transport processes of this cargo. Soybean meal is one of the most frequently used components of fodder mixtures. Due to its inherent properties, it is classified as special cargoes. Maintaining the quality of soybean meal during transport processes depends on storage, handling and transport conditions. The main external factor included in the study was humidity. Transport-technological quality features were distinguished: kinetic angle of repose, size of particles, bulk density, porosity. The article presents the results of research on soybean meal and its separated fractions. There was presented humidity influence on changes in significant features for this cargo. Type and range of changes in the distinguishing features of soybean meal were determined in the given stages of the transport chain under the influence of humidity. The risk was assessed in the transport processes of soybean meal. A correlation was determined between changes of individual features and water content in soybean meal changing as a result of air humidity. It was found that humidity of the ambient air in which transport processes occur and size of grain particles of soybean meal have a significant impact on changes in transport-technological quality features.

4

The destructive effect of fine fractions of soybean meal in transport processes

Drzewieniecka Beata

New Trends in Production Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 1, Iss. 1

393--398

EN

Soybean meal is one of the most popular components of compound feed. The rise of its demand in the world causes a constant interest in this cargo and to conduct research in different directions. This is related to its inherent properties, and to the continuous changes that occur in it. Soybean meal is a solid bulk cargo. Loose soybean meal, apart from larger particles, also contains fine and dusty/ powdery fractions, which create the risk of explosion and environmental pollution. The problem of protecting the environment against dusting of fine fractions of soybean meal is very important in the cargo handling processes. An additional aspect is the destructive effect of powdery fractions during these processes. The results of the research on the degrading effect of fine fractions of soybean meal and its compounds on the means of transshipments were presented. Due to the interaction of esters and other compounds contained in the soybean meal, the research has the implications for the changes in the properties of the rubber elements of the elevator conveyor. The effect of these changes may be the reduced durability of the conveyor belts and the associated risks such as operational failures.

5

Śruta sojowa wzbogacona w jony miedzi w procesie biosorpcji – nowy produkt dla zwierząt

Witkowska Z., Chojnacka K., Samoraj M., Tuhy Ł.

Chemik

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2013

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Vol. 67, nr 7

642--647

PL

Wytworzono nowe biologiczne dodatki paszowe z miedzią metodą biosorpcji. Proces prowadzono w trybie ciągłym wykorzystując reaktor kolumnowy ze złożem o pojemności 2,5 dm3. Wypełnienie kolumny stanowiło złoże śruty sojowej, które wzbogacano podając od góry do kolumny roztwór jonów Cu(II) o stężeniu 300 mg/dm3. Proces prowadzono przez 6 godzin. Kinetykę procesu adsorpcji opisano za pomocą modelu kinetycznego Yoon i Nelsona. Analiza próbek wykazała, że po pierwszej i drugiej godzinie stopień związania jonów z roztworu przez biomasę wynosił odpowiednio 97,3% oraz 85,9%. Po kolejnych godzinach prowadzenia procesu stopień wiązania jonów był znacznie mniejszy i wynosił odpowiednio 53,4%, 33,2%, 20,9% oraz 14,3% po trzeciej, czwartej, piątej i szóstej godzinie.

EN

The aim was to develop a new generation feed additive with copper using the biosorption method. The process was conducted in a fixed-bed reactor with capacity of 2.5 dm3. Soybean meal constituted the matrix for microelement ions. The bed was enriched by pouring the solution with Cu(II) ions at concentration of 300 mg/dm3 from the top of the column. The process was conducted for 6 hours. The adsorption kinetics was described using Yoon and Nelson kinetic model. The analysis showed that after the first and the second hour, the degree of ion binding was 97.3 and 85.9%, respectively. In the next hours of the process the degree of ion biding was much lower and was 53.4, 33.2, 20.9 and 14.3% after third, fourth, fifth and sixth hour, respectively.

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Processing of soybean meal into concentrates and testing for Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)

Vindis P., Mursec B., Janzekovic M., Cus F.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2007

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Vol. 20, nr 1-2

507-510

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to show how the soybean meal is processed into the feed concentrate and how the GMO content is tested when the soybean meal is accepted in the feed concentrate factory. Design/methodology/approach: After acceptance of the soybean meal the analysis for the protein and moisture content is made by the use of Inframatic. The average monthly sample is sent to an external laboratory for testing for GMO content. According to the regulations the GMO content must not exceed 0,9% and is determined by the PCR (polymeraze chain reaction) method. The soybean meal is processed into the feed concentrate by the use of hammer mill, feed mixer and pellet mill. Ten analyses for GMO content have been performed by establishing the influence of the origin on the GMO content; the average percentage of GMO in the soybean meal was 0,3%. Findings: In two cases the results of analyses of the soybean meal were negative, which means that the soybean meal did not contain any GMO; in eight cases the test was positive, but none exceeded the sill of 0,9%. Irrespective of the supplier or origin the average percentage of the GMO in soybean meal is approximately identical, i.e., 0,3%. Only the soybean meal, arriving from Brazil, has a smaller percentage of the GMO, i.e., 0,22%. It means that not the supplier, but only the origin has an influence on the percentage of the GMO in soybean meal. Research/limitations/implications: The research has been performed on soybean meal, arriving from Brazil and Hungary, where ten analyses for GMO content have been performed. Practical implications: On the average, the soybean meal coming from Hungary contains more GMO, i.e., 0,3%, than the soybean meal coming from Brazil, which contains 0,22%. Originality/value: The research showed that most soybean meal were genetically modified, but in no case the limit prescribed by the regulations, i.e., 0,9% was exceeded.