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Obrazowanie akustyczne - zalety i możliwości zastosowania w zwalczaniu zagrożenia hałasem

Morzyński Leszek, Swidziński Adam, Štramberský Radek, Pavaluca Paula

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka

2021

nr 12

18-23

Identyfikacja źródeł hałasu jest jednym z istotnych elementów procesu ograniczania tego zagrożenia w środowisku pracy. Umożliwia wskazanie dominującego źródła hałasu oraz ułatwia dobór rozwiązań i środków technicznych mających na celu jego ograniczanie. Identyfikacja źródeł hałasu z zastosowaniem tradycyjnych technik pomiarowych i przyrządów pomiarowych z pojedynczym mikrofonem czy sonda natężeniowa jest czasochłonne, a w wielu przypadkach bardzo trudne. Odwzorowanie parametrów pola akustycznego w postaci graficznej znakomicie ułatwia proces lokalizacji źródeł energii akustycznej oraz dróg jej propagacji. Obrazowanie akustyczne, inaczej wizualizacja dźwięku, jest graficzną formą prezentacji zjawisk akustycznych, w której parametry emitowanego hałasu przedstawiane są w postaci barwnej mapy nałożonej na obraz jego źródła. W artykule omówiono jedną z podstawowych technik obrazowania akustycznego, jaką jest beam forming, oraz urządzenia do obrazowania akustycznego z zastosowaniem tej techniki, czyli kamery akustyczne. Na przykładach wyników badań laboratoryjnych i w warunkach rzeczywistych przedstawiono zalety i możliwości wykorzystania tej techniki oraz jej ograniczenia.

Identification of noise sources is one of the important elements of the process of reducing noise hazards in the work environment. It enables the indication of the dominant noise source and facilitates the selection of solutions and technical measures aimed at reducing it. Identifying noise sources using traditional measurement techniques and measuring instruments with a single microphone or intensity probe is time consuming and in many cases very difficult. Graphical mapping of acoustic field parameters greatly facilitates the process of locating sources of acoustic energy and its propagation paths. Sound visualization, is a graphic form of presentation of acoustic phenomena, in which the parameters of the emitted noise are presented in the form of a color map superimposed on the image of its source. The article discusses one of the basic techniques of acoustic imaging, which is beam forming, and acoustic imaging devices using this technique, i.e. acoustic cameras. The advantages and possibilities of using this technique, as well as its limitations, are discussed on the basis of measurement results carried out in laboratory and in real conditions.

Analysis and Classification of Noise Sources of Conveyor Systems by Sound Visualizing on the Postal Package Sorting Line

Liptai Pavol, Lumnitzer Ervín, Moravec Marek, Piňosová Miriama

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

2018

Vol. 12, no 4

172--176

Sound visualization tools are now widely used in industry. As a tool, acoustic cameras are also well- suited for faster identification of errors as well as individual states while operating devices. The aim of this paper was to locate and quantify noise sources on a packet sorting line using an acoustic camera and then to propose noise reduction measures. Localization of noise sources was performed by means of an acoustic camera with a microphone ring array. The result of these measurements and analyses was to sort the individual noise sources from less noisy to the noisiest, which gives a good assumption for better planning of spending on the implementation of noise reduction measures. The outputs of these measurements also give information on the character and frequency composition of the sound of individual sources, which will help out in the design of specific noise measures.

Experimental Acoustic Flow Analysis Inside a Section of an Acoustic Waveguide

Weyna S., Mickiewicz W., Pyła M., Jabłoński M.

Archives of Acoustics

2013

Vol. 38, No. 2

211--216

Noise propagation within ducts is of practical concern in many areas of industrial processes where a fluid has to be transported in piping systems. The paper presents experimental data and visualization of flow in the vicinity of an abrupt change in cross-section of a circular duct and on obstacles inside where the acoustic wave generates nonlinear separated flow and vortex fields. For noise produced by flow wave of low Mach number, laminar and turbulent flows are studied us- ing experimental sound intensity (SI) and laser particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique adopted to acoustics (A-PIV). The emphasis is put on the development and application of these methods for better understanding of noise generation inside the acoustic ducts with different cross-sections. The intensity distribution inside duct is produced by the action of the sum of modal pressures on the sum of modal particle velocities. However, acoustic field is extremely complicated because pressures in non-propagating (cut-off) modes cooperate with particle velocities in propagating modes, and vice versa. The discrete frequency sound is strongly influenced by the transmission of higher order modes in the duct. By under- standing the mechanism of energy in the sound channels and pipes we can find the best solution to noise abatement technology. In the paper, numerous methods of visualization illustrate the vortex flow as an acoustic velocity or sound intensity stream which can be presented graphically. Diffraction and scattering phenomena occurring inside and around the open-end of the acoustic duct are shown.