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Synthesis and characterization of luminescent Er, Nd and Dy doped Ba3BP3O12

Çelik Gül G., Kurtuluş F.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 83, nr 2

68--73

EN

Purpose: Purpose of this study, our aim is high temperature based on synthesis method of barium borophosphate and doping with lanthanide type metals such as Er, Nd and Dy into the structure by solid state reaction. Design/methodology/approach: The starting materials rare earth oxides, barium carbonate, boric acid and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as analytically grade weighed 0.01:3:1:3 molar ratio and homogenized in an agate mortar. The mixture placed into a porcelain crucible to heat in high temperature oven step by step. First, mixtures waited at 400°C for 2 hours for calcination process, subsequently heated 900°C with step rate 10°C/m for 8 hours, and finally cooled down to room temperature with step rate 10°C/m. After many grindings final product get ready for characterization. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed using PANanalytical X’Pert PRO Diffractometer (XRD) with Cu Kα (1.5406 Å, 45 kV and 30 mA) radiation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was taken on a Perkin Elmer Spectrum 100 FTIR Spectrometer from 4000 to 650 cm-1. Scanning electron microscopy was achieved in SEM JEOL 6390-LV. Luminescence properties were performed by Andor Solis Sr 500i spectrophotometer. Conventional solid state syntheses were done in Protherm furnace. Findings: The XRD patterns of the samples show that 0.01 wt.% Er:Ba3BP3O12, 0.01 wt.% Nd:Ba3BP3O12 and 0.01 wt.% Dy:Ba3BP3O12 compounds were obtained as pure phase. When the pattern of the samples is compared to the International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD) cards, it gets along with Ba3BP3O12 crystallized in tetragonal system In the XRD pattern of the samples, there is no reflection born of rare earth metal oxides. Research limitations/implications: The synthesis method has some disadvantages such as low homogeneity, non-uniform product etc. We tried to minimize these negative aspects in our research and succeeded. Practical implications: Implications Luminescent Er:Ba3BP3O12, Nd:Ba3BP3O12 and Dy:Ba3BP3O12 compounds were synthesized by conventional solid state method completely different from literature for the first time. The characterization was mainly based on powder X-ray diffraction pattern. Also, luminescence and morphological properties were determined. Originality/value: Value of the paper is first time conventional synthesis of Er, Nd and Dy doped Ba3BP3O12 compounds, calculation of unit cell parameters, and investigation of morphological and luminescent properties.

2

Synthesis and characterization of double phase metal nickelates/borates

Çelik Gül G., Kurtuluş F.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 76, nr 1

5--8

EN

Purpose: Purpose of this research is obtaining of metal nickelates and borates as double phase. These types of compounds display extraordinary structural diversity caused by boron and nickel which applicable in flame retardant, detergent, ceramic and such industries. Design/methodology/approach: Double phase metal nickelates and borates were weighed in an appropriate molar ratio and homogenized in an agate mortar. The mixture placed into a porcelain crucible to heat in conventional high temperature furnace. After the material was exposed to heat treatment at 900°C for 4 hours, and cooled down to room temperature with many grindings. Then, final products were analyzed by powder X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) using PANanalytical X’ Pert PRO Diffractometer (XRD) with Cu Kα (1.5406 Å, 45 kV and 30 mA) radiation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was achieved on a Perkin Elmer Spectrum 100 FTIR Spectrometer from 4000 to 650 cm-1. Scanning electron microscopy was achieved in SEM JEOL 6390-LV. Luminescence properties were performed by Andor Solis Sr 500i spectrophotometer. Conventional solid state syntheses were done in Protherm furnace. Findings: Ni3B2O6/YBO3 and MoNiO4/Ni3B2O6 compounds as double phase were identified by powder XRD patterns and phase analysis of these compounds were completed by High Score Plus program. Vibrations of B-O and Ni-O bonds of functional groups were determined in FTIR spectrum benefiting from literature. Research limitations/implications: Implication of the synthesis method has some disadvantages such as low homogeneity, non-uniform product etc. We tried to minimize these negative aspects in our research and succeeded. Practical implications: Double phase Ni3B2O6/YBO3 and MoNiO4/Ni3B2O6 compounds were synthesized by high temperature solid state synthesis route. Structural properties and phase composition analysis were realized using powder X-ray diffraction patterns. Originality/value: Value of the paper is first time conventional synthesis of double phase Ni3B2O6/YBO3 and MoNiO4/Ni3B2O6 compounds, characterization of the structures, and investigation of morphological and luminescent properties.

3

Conventional synthesis and characterization of rare earth doped barium borophosphates, BaBPO5:RE (Y, Gd and La)

Çelik Gül G., Kurtuluş F.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 81, nr 2

49--54

EN

Purpose: of this research, our target is synthesis and characterization of rare earth metals such as Y, Gd and La doped barium borophosphate compounds which are applicable in non-linear optics industry. Design/methodology/approach: The starting materials rare earth oxides, barium carbonate, boric acid and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as analytically grade weighed 0.01:1:1:1 molar ratio and homogenized in an agate mortar. The mixture placed into a porcelain crucible to heat in high temperature oven step by step. First, mixtures were waited at 400°C for 2 hours for calcination process, subsequently heated 900°C with step rate 10°C/m for 8 hours, and finally cooled down to room temperature with step rate 10°C/m. After many grindings final product get ready for characterization. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed using PANanalytical X’Pert PRO Diffractometer (XRD) with Cu Kα (1.5406 Å, 45 kV and 30 mA) radiation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was taken on a Perkin Elmer Spectrum 100 FTIR Spectrometer from 4000 to 650 cm-1. Scanning electron microscopy was achieved in SEM JEOL 6390-LV. Luminescence properties were performed by Andor Solis Sr 500i spectrophotometer. Conventional solid state syntheses were done in Protherm furnace. Findings: The powder XRD patterns of the samples show that there is no impurity related to doping materials mean all diffractions corresponding to host material barium borophosphate crystallized in hexagonal system with unit cell parameters a=7.1003 and c=6.9705 Å. The unit cell parameters of rare earth doped barium borophosphates were calculated and display both increase and decrease depends on ionic Radius of rare earths. The other supporting methods confirm the crystal structure and luminescence properties. Research limitations/implications: The synthesis method has some disadvantages such as low homogeneity, non-uniform product etc. We tried to minimize these negative aspects in our research and succeeded. Practical implications: Phosphor materials Y:BaBPO5, Gd:BaBPO5 and La:BaBPO5 (ICSD 51171) were synthesized by conventional solid state method and characterizations was mainly based on powder X-ray diffraction pattern. Also, morphological and luminescence properties were completed to get the highest knowledge. Originality/value: Of the paper is first time conventional synthesis of Y, Gd and La doped BaBPO5 compounds, calculation of unit cell parameters, and investigation of morphological and luminescent properties.

4

Radiation chemistry of solid thiosulfate: optical absorption spectra

Zagórski Z., Rafalski A.

Nukleonika

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2000

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Vol. 45, nr 1

109-113

EN

Solid sodium thiosulfate, anhydrous and hydrated (5 H2O), was irradiated with 10 MeV electrons in a pulsed, high-dose (30 kGy) rate regime. The resulting optical absorption was measured by diffuse reflection spectophotometry (DRS) (absorption band in anhydrous salt at 360 nm, in hydrated salt at 418 nm). Absorption decays occurred at t1/2 = 80 h (anhydrous) and t1/2 = 9 h (hydrated) at room temperature. The yellowish radical ion formed in irradiated anhydrous thiosulfate was identified as [źS2O3]-, and not [źS2O3]3-, as proposed in previous nonoptical (EPR) investigations. The absorption spectrum of [źS2O3]- in a solid matrix was similar to the transient spectrum ascribed to the same radical, obtained by pulse radiolysis in aqueous solution, and had a lifetime many orders of magnitude shorter. A similar radical anion, but in the complex with adjacent water molecules from the hydration moiety, was observed in hydrated thiosulfate (Na2S2O3ź5 H2O).