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Efficiency of the Use of Lawn Grasses for Biology and Soil Conservation of Agricultural Systems under the Conditions of the Ukraine's Podillia

Pantsyreva Hanna, Vovk Valeriia, Bronnicova Lina, Zabarna Tetiana

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 11

249--256

EN

The aim of this study was to scientifically substantiate the peculiarities of the formation of lawn cultural phytocenoses of the Podillia zone of Ukraine based on the analysis of the qualitative state of the existing grass stand. The conducted research is devoted to biodiversity, namely soil conservation, as well as modern trends in the development of adaptive technologies for growing lawn grasses, which are based on a number of basic directions, taking into account both the features of innovative changes and the technological renewal of mechanization tools, and the main trends in the development of green farming aimed at ensuring the environmental friendliness of the products obtained, soil conservation while ensuring the appropriate levels economic and energy efficiency. The use of lawn grasses as an integral aesthetic decorative element of landscape design is at the same time an ecological and remedial factor of influence on the surrounding natural environment, which is quite widely used in Ukraine and the world. Dense lawn coverings trap dust, increase air humidity, improve the microclimate of the environment due to the phytoncides released by them, thereby improving the air, preventing erosion and improving the agrophysical properties of the soil. Determination of agrophysical soil parameters of total porosity, capillary porosity and aeration porosity was carried out. It was established that the highest quality lawns form a grass stand with a density of more than 120 vegetative shoots per 1 dm-2. The use of all types of plants contributed to the general growth of both the general sparability, including its subcategories, and the sparability of aeration. At the same time, the specified feature of the formation of spar was noted for gray forest soils under the conditions of the experimental field. This ultimately contributed to a decrease in soil density.

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Water and physical characteristics of irrigated soils in the Massif of Mugan-Salyan

Mustafayev M. G.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2012

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no. 17 [VII-XII]

61-67

EN

Detailed information about the water and physical properties of irrigated soils in the Massif of Mugan-Salyan is given in the paper. Results of the study showed differences in the soil properties. The field water capacity of soil in the zone was 25.32-30.30% or 1.26-1.56 g·cm–3, particle density was 2.53-2.88 g·cm–3, porosity - 44.16-54.20%; clay content - 22.54-70.10% and the velocity of soaking the soil with water ranged between 9.24 and 55.84 cm·h–1. Such variability of the indices points to a need for reclamation measures in the soils.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono szczegółowe informacje dotyczące potrzeb wodnych oraz parametrów fizycznych gleb nawadnianych w Masywie Mugaw-Salyan (Azerbejdżan). Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wykazują różnice wartości parametrów charakteryzujących gleby. Pojemność wodna w strefie do głębokości 1,0 m zawiera się w granicach 25,32-30,30% (1,26–1,56 g·cm–3), gęstość właściwa 2,53-2,88 g·cm–3, porowatość 44,16-54,20%, zawartość cząstek iłowych 22,54-70,10%, prędkość nawilżania gleby 9,24-55,84 cm·h–1. Tak duże zróżnicowanie parametrów wskazuje na potrzeby melioracji tych gleb.

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Gamma-ray beam attenuation to assess the influence of soil texture on structure deformation

Pires L., Bacchi O., Dias N.

Nukleonika

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2006

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Vol. 51, nr 2

125-129

EN

Gamma-ray beam attenuation is a non-invasive technique that permits analysis of soil porosity without disturbing the region of interest of the core sample. The technique has as additional advantage to allow measurements point by point on a millimetric scale in contrast to other methodologies that are invasive and analyze the soil properties in the bulk sample volume. Soil porosity can be used as an important parameter to quantify soil structural damages, which affect soil aeration, water movement and retention. In this study, porosities of three soils different in texture were measured at various positions in order to analyze the impact of the sampling procedure on the structure of each particular soil texture. The gamma-ray attenuation system consisted of an 241Am radioactive source having an activity of 3.7 GBq, collimated with cylindrical lead collimators of 2 mm diameter. The results obtained show the presence of dense regions near the edges of samples and that different soil textures can suffer distinct deformations at sampling.