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1

Development of Indicators of Sustainability of Economic Growth and Quality of Life

Majerník Milan, Daneshjo Naqib, Repková Štofková Katarina, Malega Peter

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2021

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Vol. 22, iss. 2

39--45

EN

In the past, the assessment of the level of socio-economic growth in the form of indicators was focused only on the economic indicators that did not reflect environmental, social, safety and other aspects and the related comprehensive quality of life in society. These shortcomings have become increasingly stronger in relation to the development of the concept of sustainable development and the principles of globalized markets. The paper analysed the development of indicators of economic growth in conjunction with the level of consumption of natural resources and energy, social well-being and the comprehensive quality of social life. The comparison of indicators was realised in relation to their overlap with the economic, social and environmental indicators of sustainable development and the possibilities of use for growth assessment under specific conditions of globalization and within standardized indicators from the OECD and UNEP level and in organizational practice in Slovakia.

2

Social welfare organisation in Poland

Wolniak Radosław

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2020

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z. 143

307--318

EN

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to analyze social welfare system in Poland. Design/methodology/approach: Critical literature analysis. Analysis of international literature from main databases and Polish literature and legal acts connecting with researched topic. Findings: At the municipal level, the unit providing social assistance nearest to the citizen is the municipal or municipal social assistance centre. It is also the basic institution to which people in need come for help. Regional Social Policy Centres operate at the regional level, which are focused on creating social policy and promoting innovation in this area, as well as providing appropriate qualifications to social assistance staff. They are subject to Voivodship marshals. At the level of government administration, issues of social assistance belong to the Ministry of the Family, Labour and Social Policy. The scope of tasks of the Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy is extremely wide, therefore, some of the tasks in the field of social assistance have been delegated to local government units. Originality/value: Detailed analysis of all subjects related to creating and managing social welfare policy in Poland.

3

Method of calculation of social benefits

Wolniak Radosław

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2020

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z. 143

297--306

EN

Purpose: The aim of this publication is to present the methods currently in force in Poland for determining the amount of social benefits. Design/methodology/approach: Qualitative and quantitative secondary data analysis. Data were collected from governmental organization reports and analyzed using Excel. Findings: It can be stated that the social assistance system in Poland benefits from statistics on the prices of goods and services and the cost of living of households according to the number of households and their age. Thanks to these data, it is possible to determine the value of the minimum subsistence level, the minimum subsistence level, the WDR threshold and the Social Intervention Threshold. The values of these indicators are set in different time horizons - the minimum subsistence level on a monthly basis, and the GVA level once every 3 years. In this way, the state authorities determine the income criterion entitling individuals to receive social assistance benefits. Originality/value: Detailed calculations and summaries of the Income Support Threshold and Social Intervention Threshold for different social groups were made.

4

On the nature of risk and risk management in social welfare homes as public providers of social services in Poland

Tworek Piotr, Porc Rafał

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2019

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z. 136

631--641

EN

The aim of the paper is to address the issues of risk and risk management in social welfare homes as public organisations providing social services. The discussions presented in the paper refer to entities that operate in Poland. Risk management in public welfare facilities may be supported using organisation management processes. An important role here is played by methodology and the familiarity with the way a risk management process is conducted. The paper is theoretical and conceptual in its character. Its contents form part of a novel approach to management, i.e. NPM (New Public Management). It uses the fundamentals of deductive thinking, as well as a method of synthesis. A research technique employed by the author is participant observation, based on the example of a specific social welfare home. The publication also contains a review of literature on the subject.

5

An Updated Assessment of the OECD’s Quality of Life Index

Nar Mehmet, Nar Mehmet Şükrü

Problemy Ekorozwoju

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2019

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Vol. 14, nr 1

7--18

EN

Indexing for measuring the quality of life have been developed by various countries or organizations. Probably the most comprehensive among these indexes is the Better Life Index, which is developed by OECD. The sampling of the study consists of 34 countries that are the members of OECD, and two countries that are not members of OECD. The data are obtained from the 2017 criteria of OECD life index. In this way, the welfare levels of the countries were compared through the 11 life index criteria defined by OECD. In the study, correlation and regression analyses were performed to reveal the relationships between the OECD life criteria and to measure the degree of these relationships. Thus, it was attempted to demonstrate to what extent the index criteria, particularly the safety criterion, affect a society's quality of life. When we evaluate these analyses in general sense, it was observed that there is a significant and positive relationship between the safety criterion and other parameters. However, a negative relationship between the safety and the satisfaction criteria was found according to another result of the analyses. This is because of the fact that, after a certain threshold level, an individual won't have a positive attitude towards the interventions to the living space.

PL

Metody indeksowania danych w celu zmierzenia poziomu jakości życia są rozwijane przez wiele krajów i organizacji. Prawdopodobnie najbardziej obszernym z tych indeksów jest Better Life Index, opracowany przez OECD. W przypadku tego artykułu dane odnoszą się do 36 krajów, z których 34 należy do OECD, a pochodzą one z OECD Life Index z 2017 r. Poziomy dobrostanu w poszczególnych krajach zestawiono z 11 kryteriami określonymi przez OECD. Przeprowadzono analizy korelacji i regresji, aby wykazać powiązania pomiędzy kryteriami OECD Life i aby określić ich zakres. Umożliwiło to wykazanie w jakim zakresie kryteria indeksowania, w szczególności kryterium bezpieczeństwa, wpływają na jakość życia społecznego. Z ogólnej perspektywy można dostrzec istnienie znaczącego i pozytywnego związku pomiędzy kryterium bezpieczeństwa a innymi parametrami. Jednocześnie zauważono występowanie zależności negatywnej pomiędzy bezpieczeństwem a kryterium zadowolenia. Uwarunkowane jest to istnieniem pewnego poziomu progowego, powyżej którego jednostka nie będzie miała pozytywnego nastawienia do ingerowania w przestrzeń życiową.

6

Multi-objective optimal reactive power dispatch to maximize power system social welfare in the presence of generalized unified power flow controller

Suresh C. V., Sivanguraju S.

Archives of Electrical Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 64, nr 3

405--426

EN

In this paper a novel non-linear optimization problem is formulated to maximize the social welfare in restructured environment with generalized unified power flow controller (GUPFC). This paper presents a methodology to optimally allocate the reactive power by minimizing voltage deviation at load buses and total transmission power losses so as to maximize the social welfare. The conventional active power generation cost function is modified by combining costs of reactive power generated by the generators, shunt capacitors and total power losses to it. The formulated objectives are optimized individually and simultaneously as multi-objective optimization problem, while satisfying equality, in-equality, practical and device operational constraints. A new optimization method, based on two stage initialization and random distribution processes is proposed to test the effectiveness of the proposed approach on IEEE-30 bus system, and the detailed analysis is carried out.

7

Orientacja strategiczna i jej znaczenie w nowych warunkach działania ośrodków pomocy społecznej

Marzec I.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2014

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z. 74

393--404

EN

New functioning conditions and dynamic changes in Polish public organizations result in the growing importance of strategic management and strategic orientation of Social Welfare Centres. This paper attempts to answer the following question: what is the strategic orientation of Social Welfare Centres? This goal will be achieved by presenting the literature study and results of survey research, which will be discussed in the context of changes taking place in the social welfare system in Poland.

PL

Nowe warunki funkcjonowania i dynamiczne zmiany zachodzące w polskich organizacjach sektora publicznego powodują wzrost znaczenia zarządzania strategicznego i kształtowania odpowiedniej orientacji strategicznej ośrodków pomocy społecznej. W artykule podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie: jaka jest orientacja strategiczna ośrodków pomocy społecznej? Cel ten zostanie zrealizowany przez zaprezentowanie studiów literaturowych i wyników przeprowadzonych badań ankietowych, które omówione zostaną w kontekście zmian zachodzących w systemie pomocy społecznej w Polsce.

8

Kluczowe czynniki sukcesu ośrodków pomocy społecznej

Kotas M.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2014

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z. 74

361--369

EN

The aim of this article is to present the results of studies on the identification of key success factors of social assistance centers. Identification of the factors in the success of public organizations should be the key goal of the management of them. These factors decide in which areas you should invest central strategic decisions of public bodies which areas, procedures or processes should be improved. This is particularly important for organizations providing social services, which today is facing significant problems with the efficiency of their operations.

PL

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników badań, dotyczących identyfikacji kluczowych czynników sukcesu ośrodków pomocy społecznej. Identyfikacja czynników sukcesu organizacji publicznych powinna być fundamentalnym zadaniem kadry zarządzającej nimi. Czynniki te decydują, w jakich sferach należy lokować centralne decyzje strategiczne podmiotów publicznych, które z obszarów, procedur czy też procesów należy usprawnić. Jest to szczególnie istotne w przypadku organizacji świadczących usługi społeczne, które współcześnie stoją przed istotnymi problemami związanymi z efektywnością ich działania.

9

Materialnoprawne i procesowe aspekty bezpieczeństwa socjalnego na przykładzie pomocy społecznej

Karpiuk M.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

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2011

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nr 2(83)

166-177

EN

The aim of this article is to present material, legal and process approach to social security problems. Social security as an element of national security constitutes a significant aspect of public administration’s activities, particularly when it refers to providing current needs of local, regional or the whole country communities. Social welfare rendered both to individuals and families takes a special place within social security. Social security policy cannot be overestimated because thanks to it adequate human existence, of both an individual and a member of a society and a state, is protected.

10

Zmiany w polityce społecznej i świadczeniach społecznych w okresie transformacji gospodarki polskiej

Krzyżewska J., Szymonowicz K.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Białostockiej. Ekonomia i Zarządzanie

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2004

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Z. 9

171-182

PL

W społeczeństwie kierującym się zasadami gospodarki rynkowej, istotnym zagadnieniem jest sprawne funkcjonowanie instytucji odpowiedzialnych za udzielanie pomocy osobom będącym w trudnej sytuacji życiowej. Celem pomocy społecznej jest aktywne niesienie pomocy wszystkim potrzebującym, oparte na obowiązku solidarności całego społeczeństwa. W ostatnich dziesięcioleciach pomoc społeczna przeszła znaczną ewolucję, stając się odrębnym filarem realizacji zabezpieczenia społecznego. Obecnie zakres jej działań nie ogranicza się tylko i wyłącznie do świadczeń materialnych zaspokajających warunki bytowe, ale jest otwarty na nowe potrzeby społeczeństwa. Wprowadzanie reform w polityce społecznej wymaga zastosowania bardziej skutecznych w praktyce metod jej realizacji. Pozwolą one zapewnić elementarne środki do życia osobom potrzebujących pomocy, np. w związku ze starością, chorobą czy inwalidztwem lub brakiem pracy. Nie wystarczą jednak tylko odpowiednie koncepcje reform. Niezbędne jest opracowanie programów efektywnie wdrażających te reformy w życie.

EN

In a society based on market economy a crucial issue is the efficiency of institutions responsible for assisting individuals and families in solving the problems they are not able to cope with. The aim of social welfare services is to provide active assistance to all people in need, basing on the solidarity of all the society. In the past decades social services have gone through numerous transformations and have become a separate pillar of social protection realisation. Currently, the range of their services is not only restricted to welfare benefits, but is also open to new demands. Introduction of reforms connected with social issues requires application of methods more efficient in practice. They may result in providing basic means of support for people in need in connection with old age, diseases, disability or unemployment. However, adequate reform concepts are not sufficient. It is necessary to elaborate programmes that would efficiently put those reforms into practice.

11

Sezonowy dom seniora jako element środowiska mieszkalnego

Włodarczyk J., Benek I.

Prace Naukowe Wydziału Architektury Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Architektura Mieszkaniowa

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2004

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Vol. 4, nr 4

159-167

EN

The increasing number of elderly people in the demographic structure of Poland influences the goals and tasks of designing residential buildings. The authors present the most frequent forms of housing for elderly people and stress the necessity of staying in their own socio-spatial environment. Unfortunately the main place among the special!; forms of housing in Poland take homes and clinics run within the confines of the Social! Welfare centres. They are collective housing structures with a diverse programme of services. An elderly person gets detached from her/his so-far environment without any chance to come back. An alternative could be the creation of so-called Temporary Old People's Home, i.e. a place intended for elderly people to stay there from 3 weeks to 3 months. The reason of their stay there could be a rehabilitation, holidays of their carers or referrals from their doctors. The moving to another form could also be an impulse for integration and would allow to assess the abilities of the elderly person to live unaided. However, the most desirable form is leaving the elderly people in their own flat or house, providing adaptation of the facilities as well as guaranteeing a diverse programme of services.

12

Problem zanieczyszczenia i ochrony środowiska w teorii ekonomii dobrobytu

Łuszczyk M.

Ekonomia i Środowisko

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2000

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nr 1

35--46

PL

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie problemu zanieczyszczenia środowiska w świetle teorii ekonomii dobrobytu. Niezależnie od teoretycznych rozważań na temat funkcjonowania rynku, maksymalizacji dobrobytu oraz efektów zewnętrznych wskazano na konieczność interwencji państwa celem eliminacji negatywnych skutków zanieczyszczeń. Opisano także sposoby internalizacji efektów zewnętrznych jako jeden z możliwych sposobów maksymalizacji dobrobytu.

EN

The main consideration of the following article is the influence of the environment' pollution onto welfare economics. The contamination of the environment causes negative! externalities what is the main reason of the market inefficiency in allocative natural resources. According to the author, lack of the best Pareto efficiency of natural resources prevents society from access to maximum welfare. There must be internalization of the efficiency arising from externalities so as to let market provide society with the highest welfare level. Four manners of internalization of the efficiency arising from externalities are known: 1) the expenses are charged to a polluter, 2) the contamination cost is paid by both a polluter and a victim, 3) the cost is paid by a victim only, 4) the expenses are charged to the government. There are various steps by which government can internalize the efficiencies arising from externalities. The best ways are market-like methods of regulation and particularly Pigou tax. There may be used also other manners limiting the production of pollution. These solutions may lead to maximum social welfare.