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1

Simulation on Flyrock due to Blasting Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) with LS-Dyna software

Dinh Bao Tran, Van Trieu Do, Van Viet Pham, An Nguyen Dinh

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2023

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no. 2, vol. 1

13--21

EN

In surface mining operation, blasting method has been commonly used and accounted highly for breaking waste rock and mineral. The main goal of the activity is fundamental fragmentation by energy generation due to blasting. However, only 20% to 30% blasting energy is generated to fragment rock. The remain energry is wasted for flyrock, ground vibration, air overpressure, dust and too fine fragmentation. Flyrock in blasting is large risk for surface mines and occupies more than a half of incidents relating to blasting at surface mines, because this is a severe issue and causes negative reaction of the surrounding residients. However, studies on flyrock-phenomenon prediction methods for blasting in Vietnam have been also limited. In the study, simulation analysis method on induce-blasting-induced flyrock experiment using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) with LS-Dyna software. Two-dimension modelling was built and practically applied for B2 cross section of Mong Son quarry in Yen Bai province. The result showed that the ability of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) in analysizing flyrock trajectory distance in blasting. By using the modelling with field-site parameters, the researcher monitored flyrock velocity at installed time periods, such as 1.5 second when the flyrocks fly with a maximum distance of 85 m from blasting site and their average velocity of 40 m/s.

2

Cutting force prediction of Ti6Al4V using a machine learning model of SPH orthogonal cutting process simulations

Klippel Hagen, Sanchez Eduardo Gonzalez, Isabel Margolis, Röthlin Matthias, Afrasiabi Mohamadreza, Michal Kuffa, Wegener Konrad

Journal of Machine Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 22, No. 1

111--123

EN

The prediction of machining processes is a challenging task and usually requires a large experimental basis. These experiments are time-consuming and require manufacturing and testing of different tool geometries at various process conditions to find optimum machining settings. In this paper, a machine learning model of the orthogonal cutting process of Ti6Al4V is proposed to predict the cutting and feed forces for a wide range of process conditions with regards to rake angle, clearance angle, cutting edge radius, feed and cutting speed. The model uses training data generated by virtual experiments, which are conducted using physical based simulations of the orthogonal cutting process with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). The ML training set is composed of input parameters, and output process forces from 2500 instances of GPU accelerated SPH simulations. The resulting model provides fast process force predictions and can consider the cutter geometry in comparison to classical analytical approaches.

3

Numerical investigation of the influence of explosive welding process setup on the Ti/Cu interlayer morphology

Mojżeszko Mateusz, Setty Mohan

Computer Methods in Materials Science

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2020

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Vol. 20, No. 3

113--120

EN

Explosive welding is a complex process involving various phenomena influenced by a series of parameters in a noticeably short span of time which affect the morphology and eventually the quality of the weld. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the influence of these parameters on material behavior with a series of numerical simulations based on a meshless approach. The developed model is based on the SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) method and is used to investigate Ti/Cu system behavior as a case study. Examples of the resulting temperatures and pressures as a function of process setup are presented within the paper. The results obtained demonstrate how weld morphology is related to the process conditions.

4

Analysis of Ballistic Resistance of Composites with EN AW-7075 Matrix Reinforced with Al2O3 Particles

Kurzawa A., Pyka A., Jamroziak K.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 20, iss. 1

73--78

EN

The paper presents the results of experimental-numerical tests of firing at aluminum composite materials. The test materials were manufactured by pressure infiltration of porous ceramic preforms made of α-Al2O3 particles in the amount of 30% and 40% by volume. The EN AW-7075 alloy was chosen as the material matrix, and the steel 7.62×39 mm (M 43) FMJ (Full Metal Jacket) intermediate ammunition was selected for firing. In the result of the experiment, the samples were perforated with a clear difference in the muzzle diameter. The projectile with fragments caused damage to up to three reference plates placed behind the samples (witness plates) in composites with 40% of particles by volume. The mechanics of crack propagation during ballistic impacts of the projectile was characterized based on microstructure studies. Then, using numerical analysis of impact load, the examination of composite materials puncture in the ABAQUS environment was carried out. The Finite Element Method (FEM) was employed for the discretization of geometric models using Hex elements. The Johnson-Cook constitutive model describing the relationship between stress and strain in metal-ceramic composites was applied for the analyses. Numerical models were then subjected to numerical verification using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). Based on the obtained results, it was found that the hybrid FEM/SPH method correlates significantly with the experimental results.

5

A Sequential FEM-SPH Model of the Heating-Remelting-Cooling of Steel Samples in the Gleeble 3800 Thermo-Mechanical Simulator System

Hojny M.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 20, iss. 3

60--68

EN

This article presents a sequential model of the heating-remelting-cooling of steel samples based on the finite element method (FEM) and the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). The numerical implementation of the developed solution was completed as part of the original DEFFEM 3D package, being developed for over ten years, and is a dedicated tool to aid physical simulations performed with modern Gleeble thermo-mechanical simulators. Using the developed DEFFEM 3D software to aid physical simulations allows the number of costly tests to be minimized, and additional process information to be obtained, e.g. achieved local cooling rates at any point in the sample tested volume, or characteristics of temperature changes. The study was complemented by examples of simulation and experimental test results, indicating that the adopted model assumptions were correct. The developed solution is the basis for the development of DEFFEM 3D software aimed at developing a comprehensive numerical model allows the simulation of deformation of steel in semi solid state.

6

Projektowanie i rozwój modułu obliczeniowego hydrodynamiki cząstek rozmytych pakietu DEFFEM 3D

Hojny Marcin, Dębiński Tomasz

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

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2019

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Vol. 86, nr 4

101--107

PL

W artykule przedstawiono główne założenia modelu matematycznego przepływu ciekłej stali sprzężonego z modelem krzepnięcia. Prezentowane rozwiązanie bazuje na metodzie hydrodynamiki cząstek rozmytych i stanowi pierwszy etap prac rozwojowych zmierzających do opracowania kompleksowego modelu odkształcania stali w stanie półciekłym. Docelowo opracowany model numeryczny umożliwi symulację odkształcania stali w warunkach współistnienia fazy ciekłej i stałej, z uwzględnieniem lokalnych przepływów krzepnącej stali w obrębie zestalonego szkieletu fazy stałej. Implementacja numeryczna modułu obliczeniowego hydrodynamiki cząstek rozmytych realizowana jest w ramach rozwijanego od kilkunastu lat autorskiego pakietu DEFFEM 3D. Uzupełnienie pracy stanowią przykładowe wyniki symulacji testowych wskazujących na poprawność przyjętych założeń modelowych.

EN

The article presents the main assumptions of the mathematical model of liquid steel flow coupled with the solidification model. The presented solution is based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method and is the first stage of development works aimed at developing a comprehensive model of steel deformation in the semi-solid state. Ultimately developed numerical model will enable simulation of steel deformation in the semi-solid state, taking into account local flows of solidifying steel within a solidified solid phase skeleton. The numerical implementation of the SPH solver is carried out as part of the DEFFEM 3D package being developed for over a dozen years. The supplements to the work are exemplary results of test simulations indicating the correctness of the adopted model assumptions.

7

Simulation of Sea-ice Thermodynamics by a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method

Staroszczyk R.

Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics

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2018

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Vol. 65, nr 4

277--299

EN

The paper deals with the problem of sea-ice pack motion and deformation under the action of wind and water drag forces. Differential equations describing the behaviour of ice, with its very distinct material responses in converging and diverging flows, express the mass and linear momentum balances on a horizontal plane (the free surface of the ocean). The thermodynamic effects (ice melting and lead water freezing) are accounted for by adding source terms to the equations describing the evolution of the ice thickness and area fraction (concentration). These thermodynamic source terms are described by means of a single function that idealizes typical ice growth-rates observed in winter in the Arctic. The equations governing the problem are solved by a fully Lagrangian method of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). Assuming that the ice behaviour can be approximated by a non-linearly viscous rheology, the proposed SPH model was used to simulate the flow of a sea-ice pack driven by wind drag stresses and varying seasonal temperatures. The results of numerical simulations illustrate the evolution of an ice pack, including distributions of ice thickness and ice area fraction in space and time for assumed temperature distributions.

8

SPH Modelling of Sea-ice Pack Dynamics

Staroszczyk R.

Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics

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2017

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Vol. 64, nr 2

115--137

EN

The paper is concerned with the problem of sea-ice pack motion and deformation under the action of wind and water currents. Differential equations describing the dynamics of ice, with its very distinct mateFfigrial responses in converging and diverging flows, express the mass and linear momentum balances on the horizontal plane (the free surface of the ocean). These equations are solved by the fully Lagrangian method of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). Assuming that the ice behaviour can be approximated by a non-linearly viscous rheology, the proposed SPH model has been used to simulate the evolution of a sea-ice pack driven by wind drag stresses. The results of numerical simulations illustrate the evolution of an ice pack, including variations in ice thickness and ice area fraction in space and time. The effects of different initial ice pack configurations and of different conditions assumed at the coast–ice interface are examined. In particular, the SPH model is applied to a pack flow driven by a vortex wind to demonstrate how well the Lagrangian formulation can capture large deformations and displacements of sea ice.

9

Numerical simulation of shear slitting process of grain oriented silicon steel using sph method

Bohdal Ł., Tandecka K., Kałduński P.

Acta Mechanica et Automatica

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2017

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Vol. 11, no. 4

333--338

EN

Mechanical cutting allows separating of sheet material at low cost and therefore remains the most popular way to produce laminations for electrical machines and transformers. However, recent investigations revealed the deteriorating effect of cutting on the magnetic properties of the material close to the cut edge. The deformations generate elastic stresses in zones adjacent to the area of plastically deformed and strongly affect the magnetic properties. The knowledge about residual stresses is necessary in designing the process. This paper presents the new apprach of modeling residual stresses induced in shear slitting of grain oriented electrical steel using mesh-free method. The applications of SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) methodology to the simulation and analysis of 3D shear slitting process is presented. In experimental studies, an advanced vision-based technology based on digital image correlation (DIC) for monitoring the cutting process is used.

10

An overview of SPH simulation and experimental investigation of sediment flows in sewer flushing

Alihosseini M., Thamsen P. U.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Środowisko

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2016

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Y. 113, iss. 1-Ś

17--28

EN

This paper concerns the application of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method for sewer hydraulics with a focus on free-surface flows and sediment flushing. SPH is the most popular mesh-free method and has been widely used in the field of fluid mechanics. Here, the previous studies in the last few years are summarized, which have investigated the application of the relatively new model for the simulation of solid transport, free-surface and multiphase flows.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy zastosowania metody cząstek rozmytych (ang. Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics – SPH) dla hydraulicznych systemów kanalizacyjnych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem przepływów powierzchni swobodnej oraz spłukiwania osadów. SPH stanowi najbardziej popularną metodę bezsiarkową, powszechnie stosowaną w dziedzinie mechaniki płynów. W niniejszej pracy zestawiono dotychczasowe badania przeprowadzone w ciągu ostatnich kilku lat, które dotyczyły zastosowania stosunkowo nowego modelu do symulacji transportu materiału stałego, przepływów powierzchni swobodnej oraz przepływów wielofazowych.

11

Application of a SPH coupled FEM method for simulation of trimming of aluminum autobody sheet

Bohdal Ł.

Acta Mechanica et Automatica

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2016

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Vol. 10, no. 1

56--61

EN

In this paper, the applications of mesh-free SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) continuum method to the simulation and analysis of trimming process is presented. In dealing with shearing simulations for example of blanking, piercing or slitting, existing literatures apply finite element method (FEM) to analysis of this processes. Presented in this work approach and its application to trimming of aluminum autobody sheet allows for a complex analysis of physical phenomena occurring during the process without significant deterioration in the quality of the finite element mesh during large deformation. This allows for accurate representation of the loss of cohesion of the material under the influence of cutting tools. An analysis of state of stress, strain and fracture mechanisms of the material is presented. In experimental studies, an advanced vision-based technology based on digital image correlation (DIC) for monitoring the cutting process is used.

12

Numerical and experimental study on soil penetration with the use of vibrating head

Małek E., Miedzińska D., Bogusz P.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 72, nr 1

23--31

EN

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to present the numerical modeling of soil penetration with the steel cylinder and experimental research of deflection of elastomer pillows in vibrating head. Design/methodology/approach: Simulations were performed using LS-DYNA package with two different methods to represent soil: a hybrid approach combining typical Lagrangian elements with Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) particles and Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation. The experimental study was performed during work of the vibrating head using optical measuring methods. Two black and white cameras of high definition (1280x800) Vision Research Phantom V12 were used. Findings: As a result of conducted numerical simulations the behavior of the soil under condition of dynamic interaction of the steel element was reflected on the base of experimental research the maximum deflection of pillows was determined. Research limitations/implications: The modeling will be used to study the coupling of steel cylinder – soil for different soil properties and different speeds of load and its correctness was prooved. The presented results of experimental studies will be used for developing a construction of MRE regulator for vibrator resonance control. Practical implications: Presented investigations are the part of a new vibrator construction development in which the modeling of soil and its interaction with the steel-like elements will be crucial for obtaining satisfactory results as well as a presented experiment. Originality/value: New solutions to enhancing effectiveness for coupled mechanical systems can be achieved by using so called “smart” materials that have one or more properties that can be significantly changed in a controlled way by external stimulation.

13

Incompressible SPH Model for Simulating Violent Free-Surface Fluid Flows

Staroszczyk R.

Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics

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2014

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Vol. 61, nr 1-2

61--83

EN

In this paper the problem of transient gravitational wave propagation in a viscous incompressible fluid is considered, with a focus on flows with fast-moving free surfaces. The governing equations of the problem are solved by the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method (SPH). In order to impose the incompressibility constraint on the fluid motion, the so-called projection method is applied in which the discrete SPH equations are integrated in time by using a fractional-step technique. Numerical performance of the proposed model has been assessed by comparing its results with experimental data and with results obtained by a standard (weakly compressible) version of the SPH approach. For this purpose, a plane dam-break flow problem is simulated, in order to investigate the formation and propagation of a wave generated by a sudden collapse of a water column initially contained in a rectangular tank, as well as the impact of such a wave on a rigid vertical wall. The results of simulations show the evolution of the free surface of water, the variation of velocity and pressure fields in the fluid, and the time history of pressures exerted by an impacting wave on a wall.

14

A High Performance Computing approach to the simulation of Fluid-Solid Interaction problems with rigid and flexible components

Pazouki A, Serban R, Negrut D

Archive of Mechanical Engineering

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2014

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Vol. LXI, nr 2

227--251

EN

W pracy przedstawiono zarys jednolitego podejścia do bezpośredniej numerycznej symulacji problemów interakcji płyn – ciało stałe (FSI) z wykorzystaniem wielowątkowej wysokowydajnej techniki obliczeniowej (HPC) o wielkiej skali. Algorytm symulacji opiera się na rozszerzonej metodzie hydrodynamiki cząstek gładkich (XSPH), która opisuje przepływ płynu w formalizmie Lagrange'a zgodnym z metodą Lagrange'a śledzenia fazy stałej. W celu modelowania sztywnego i elastycznego układu wielu ciał implementowano ogólną, trójwymiarową dynamikę ciała sztywnego i zastosowano sformułowanie bezwzględnych współrzędnych węzłowych (ANCF). Dwukierunkowe sprzężenie między płynem i fazą stałą jest zamodelowane przez użycie znaczników wymuszenia warunków brzegowych (BCE) które oddają działanie sił sprzężenia między płynem a ciałem stałym wymuszając brak poślizgu w warunkach brzegowych. Problem interakcji bliskiego zakresu między płynem i ciałem stałym, która ma decydujący wpływ na zachowanie w małej skali mieszanin płynów i ciał stałych, rozwiązano przy pomocy modelu sił smarowania. Stany systemu zbiorczego są integrowane w czasie przy użyciu jawnego, wieloszybkościowego schematu. By zmniejszyć wielkie obciążenie obliczeniowe, w algorytmie ogólnym położono nacisk na obliczenia równoległe w kartach procesorów graficznych (GPU). W pracy przedstawiono analizę wydajności i skalowania dla scenariuszy symulacji obejmujących jedną lub wiele faz przy liczbie obiektów stałych sięgającej dziesiątek tysięcy. Implementacja oprogramowania przedstawionej metody, o nazwie Chrono: Fluid, jest częścią projektu Chrono i jest udostępniona do użytku nieodpłatnego.

15

Simulation of Solitary Wave Mechanics by a Corrected Smoothed Particle Hydrodymamics Method

Staroszczyk R.

Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics

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2011

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Vol. 58, nr 1-4

23-45

EN

The paper is devoted to numerical modelling of solitary wave propagation phenomena in shallow water of uniform depth. The problem governing equations are solved by applying a corrected smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method in which standard smoothing kernel functions are modified in such a way that so-called linear reproducing conditions for kernel approximations and their first-order spatial derivatives are satisfied. Numerical performance of the proposed SPH model has been verified by comparing its predictions with analytical results for a solitary wave travelling over the horizontal bottom. Also, the results obtained by applying the corrected SPH method and those given by the standard SPH method, with no kernel correction, are compared. Further, an impact of the solitary wave on a vertical rigid wall is investigated, and finally an interaction of two colliding solitary waves is considered.

16

Simulation of Dam-Break Flow by a Corrected Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method

Staroszczyk R.

Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics

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2010

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Vol. 57, nr 1

61-79

EN

The paper deals with numerical modelling of water flow which is generated by the break of a dam. The problem is solved by applying a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method in which standard smoothing kernel functions are corrected in such a way that so-called linear reproducing conditions for kernel approximations and their gradients are satisfied. The proposed SPH model has been used to simulate a two-dimensional problem of the collapse of a water column inside a rectangular tank. The simulations illustrate the formation and subsequent propagation of a wave over the horizontal plane. It is shown that the model predictions of the changes of the advancing wave-front position, and of the changes of the free surface elevation of water, compare well with experimental data. Also, the results obtained with the corrected SPH method are compared with those given by the standard SPH method with no kernel correction. In addition, an impact of the surging wave against a vertical rigid wall is illustrated.

17

Meshless modelling of elastic solids

Lobovsky L, Kren J, Zemcik Z

Modelling and Optimization of Physical Systems

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2008

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z. 7

69--74

EN

The study is concerned about an application of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method in elastodynamics. A brief description of the SPH model for elastic materials and related stabilising terms are presented. The performance of the implemented SPH code is tested for elementary problems of linear elasticity as well as for a complex problem involving large deformations.

18

Meshless modelling of free surface flow

Lobovsky L., Kren J.

Modelling and Optimization of Physical Systems

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2007

|

z. 6

103--108

EN

The paper gives a brief overview of the theory of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). The SPH governing equations for incompressible flow of viscous fluid are derived. The presented SPH model is capable of simulating free surface flows involving fluid to fluid and fluid to rigid wall interactions. The results of performed numerical simulations are presented.

DE

Im Beitrag ist kurzes Resümee der „Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics" (SPH) Methode eingeführt. Hier sind die SPH Bewegungsgleichungen für inkompressible reibungsbehaftete Flüssigkeitsströmung ableitet. Dargestelltes SPH Modell ist für Simulierung der Strömung mit freier Oberfläche und für Flüssigkeitsinteraction und Interaction zwischen Flüssigkeit und feste Wand geeignet. SPH Ergebnisses der numerischen Simulierung sind dargestellt.

19

Application of SPH in fluid flow modelling

Kren J., Lobovsky L.

Zeszyty Naukowe Katedry Mechaniki Stosowanej / Politechnika Śląska

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2006

|

z. 31

103-106

EN

The paper deals with an introduction to the modelling of fluid flow by means of the smoothed particie hydrodynamics (SPH). This numerical approach is meshless and the computational grid is replaced by a finite set of interpolating points. The fluid flow is described by Euler equations using the Lagrangian description of continuum and dissipative effects are treated by artificial viscosity terms. Implemented SPH method is tested on a two-dimensional flow of Newtonian fluid.