Biocompatibility of two-dimensionally reinforced carbon-carbon composites infiltrated and coated with pyrolytic carbon was evaluated in vitro by seeding them with smooth muscle cells derived from the rat aorta. The cells adhered to the composites in numbers comparable with those found on standard plastic culture dishes and these numbers tended to be positively correlated with the open porosity of the material surface. In contrast, the following proliferation was rather negatively related to the open porosity. The maximum population density of cells growing on the composites was similar or lower than that on standard culture plastic. These results suggest relatively good biocompatibility of the pyrolytic-carbon infiltrated and coated carbon composites and their suitability for future biomedical applications.
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