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Impact of COVID-19 on various areas of service operation in manufacturing companies: a pilot study

Kaňovská Lucie, Vlčková Vladimíra

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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2022

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Vol. 14, no. 3

43--56

EN

All manufacturers were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. It can be assumed that producers were affected as much as the service operation field (based on company categories). This article aims to ascertain how COVID-19 affected various areas of service operations in manufacturing companies. So far, no literature is available identifying the impact of COVID-19 on various areas of service operations by current manufacturers. An electronic questionnaire was prepared and sent to the manufacturers. The questionnaire was completed by 88 respondents from four selected industrial areas. The findings show no statistically significant differences in the perception of the COVID-19 impact on various areas of service operations in manufacturing companies based on CZ-NACE, the number of employees, the type of customers and the type of services provided to products. However, in the area of the type of services, one statistically significant difference was found in the statement related to increasing interest in engaging in cooperation with suppliers in the field of smart services. Theoretical implication contributes to understanding the impact of COVID-19 on manufacturers in various areas of service operation. First, the research did not reveal any statistically significant difference in manufacturing companies sorted by their CZ-NACE, the number of employees and the predominant customers in the areas of service operations. It can be considered that the companies were hit by COVID-19 very similarly. Second, the research revealed statistically significant differences in the area of processing results according to the type of services, and in this case, only in the area of increasing interest in engaging in the cooperation with suppliers in the field of smart services. From a managerial viewpoint, this paper contributes to the field of impact of COVID-19 on areas of service operation in manufacturing companies.

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Smart Shop Services for Building Customer-Oriented Scenarios

Krawczyk Henryk, Sobecki Andrzej

TASK Quarterly : scientific bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk

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2020

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Vol. 24, No 3

221--242

EN

The shops of today mostly support the customer by offering him or her products based on basic relationships between products viewed or ordered by users with similar tastes. This common approach may fail in many cases especially when the user does not have sufficient knowledge about the market, or when he or she wants to build a set of products in more than one shop. New categories of smart shop services are proposed in order to execute such customer-oriented scenarios where recommended products do meet mutual dependencies with products previously ordered by the customer. An attempt is made to collect additional information about the behavior of users (from past and current contexts) and represent it in a targeted graph called the customer-oriented scenario. Four types of such scenarios are distinguished depending on how many shops have been visited by the user before buying the expected products and how many products the user wants to buy. Moreover, the proposed scenario model provides the possibility of showing which services had been used by the user before the selection was made. Customer-oriented scenarios may be created post factum based on event data logs or before the user will use the shop, which means that it can be arranged which information, knowledge sources (internal or external), products or categories should be suggested in some context of the user's decision. The possibility of leveraging additional smart services into a traditional trading platform may help users, especially when they want to implement a complex scenario and order many products with mutual dependencies or in a situation when the user wants to understand the market before buying something. Using internal and external services allows creating a network for distributing knowledge focused on the actual customer context in a shop.

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Are smart service manufacturing providers different in cooperation and innovation flexibility, in innovation performance and business performance from non-smart service manufacturing providers?

Kaňovská Lucie

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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2020

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Vol. 12, no. 4

105--116

EN

To overcome the challenges posed by increasing competition, many traditional manufacturing companies are moving from the mere production of manufacturing goods to the integration of services that are more or less integrated into the product, which is also due to the constant development of the industry. Moreover, many manufacturing companies offer products that use smart technologies. This paper focuses on the importance of smart service provision for cooperation and innovation flexibility, innovation performance and business performance in small and medium manufacturing companies. The paper aims to find out if smart service manufacturing providers are different in cooperation and innovation flexibility and innovation and business performance from non-smart service manufacturing providers. To better understand the issue, research was undertaken in 112 small and medium manufacturing companies of the Czech Republic. The problems of smart service provision were investigated in the first empirical research held among the electric engineering companies (CZ-NACE 26 and CZ-NACE 27) in the Czech Republic. The findings show that smart service manufacturing providers are better in internal cooperation flexibility, innovation flexibility related to product and to accompanying services and in business performance than non-smart service manufacturing providers. Theoretical implication contributes in two specific ways: first, in the presentation of the interconnection of smart services and cooperation flexibility, innovation flexibility, innovation performance and business performance; and second, in the identification of the impact of smart services in manufacturing SMEs and in finding out which areas affect the provision of smart services. The findings can have a positive influence in several areas; therefore, they can be important factors for many manufacturing companies which still need some persuasion to offer smart services.

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Service-oriented cyberspace for improving cybersecurity

Krawczyk Henryk

TASK Quarterly : scientific bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk

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2019

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Vol. 23, No 2

141--157

EN

The paper presents a cyberspace model where different categories of IT services are offered and used largely. A general cybersecurity policy is considered and the corresponding cybersecurity strategies are shown. The role of such technologies as: Internet of Things, Cloud Computing and Big Data is analyzed in order to improve the cybersecurity of a cyberspace. A new kind of service oriented cyberspace is proposed and its main properties are emphasized. Two simple examples of such cyberspaces are given and briefly discussed.

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Developing smart services by Internet of Things in manufacturing business

Cedeño J. M. V., Papinniemi J., Hannola L., Donoghue I.

LogForum

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2018

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Vol. 14, no. 1

59--71

EN

Background: The aim of this study is to introduce a framework, which describes a customer-oriented approach for developing data-driven services by the Internet of Things (IoT), also known as "Smart Services" in manufacturing business. Methods: A literature review presents a background for IoT, data and digitalization of services, as well as the role of simulation technologies for the development process of Smart Services. For the empirical study, an agricultural tractor manufacturer case company was analyzed utilizing Customer Needs Assessment tools to determine the new service requirements. Results: The agricultural industry is also adopting the IoT related technologies to deliver services which are able to track crop environments in order to optimize crop yields and develop sustainable outcomes. The results obtained from the Need Interpretation Table and the Trace Matrix show that farmers need Smart Services to be able to connect their tractors and implements to the Internet for a better understanding of agricultural operations. They also demand a personalized everyday working plan based on data analyzed on previous work shifts. From the case company side, it is important to collect and analyze usage data, such as temperature, humidity and pressure of tractor environment, as well as data related to determine root causes and failure rates. Conclusion: The scientific contribution demonstrates the relationship between Product Lifecycle Management and IoT, and how it can leverage Smart Services. The practical contribution was based on the empirical study results by delivering smart service propositions in a tractor company, such as operation and remote failure tracking, showing customer demands for machine productivity, time saving and sustainable resource optimization.

PL

Wstęp: Celem pracy jest wprowadzenie struktury, opisującej, zorientowane na klienta, podejście do rozwoju usług związanych z Internetem rzeczy, określanych jako usługi typu smart w działalności produkcyjnej. Metody: W przeglądzie literatury zaprezentowano ideę Internetu rzeczy, usługi związane z digitalizacją jak również rolę technologii symulacji dla procesu rozwoju usług typu smart. W części empirycznej, na podstawie przykładu producenta ciągników rolniczych określono zapotrzebowanie na nowe usługi poprzez zastosowanie narzędzia oceny potrzeb klienta. Wyniki: Technologie oparte na Internecie rzeczy zostały zaadaptowane również w przemyśle rolniczym w celu dostarczania usług umożliwiających śledzenie środowiska uprawianych plonów e celu optymalizacji uzyskiwanych plonów uprawianych zgodnie z zaleceniami gospodarki zrównoważonej. Wyniki otrzymane z tabeli analizy potrzeb oraz matrycy śledzącej wskazuje na zapotrzebowanie wśród rolników na usługi typu smart w celu lepszego wykorzystania swoich maszyn w różnych pracach związanych z rolnictwem. Oczekiwana była również przez nich dostępność codziennego planu roboczego opartego na analizowanych danych oraz wcześniej wykonywanych pracach. Z punktu widzenia tego typu przedsiębiorstwa, istotne jest zbieranie oraz analiza takich danych jak temperatura, wilgotność i ciśnienie otoczenia, w którym pracuje ciągnik jak również danych dotyczących wypadków i awarii. Wnioski: Wykazano zależność pomiędzy zarządzaniem cyklem życia produktu a Internetem rzeczy oraz jego wpływu na usługi typu smart. Praktycznym rozwiązaniem było przygotowanie propozycji wdrożenia tego usług typu smart w analizowanym przedsiębiorstwie, takich jak śledzenie operacji oraz awarii, określanie zapotrzebowania na wydajność maszyn, oszczędność czasu oraz optymalizacja zasobów uwzględniająca rozwój zrównoważony.

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Miasto przyszłości. Cz.3

Bonenberg W.

Builder

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2018

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R.22, nr 5

42--45

EN

The article presents ideas of the future city in the context of development trends of urban structures. The challenges faced by contemporary urban planning are discussed in the face of such problems as uncontrolled migration, social disorganization, space chaos, transportation problems, environmental degradation, urban sprawl, environmental pollution. Against this background future urban concepts are presented, which aim to improve the quality of life in cities.