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Bioaccumulation of Mercury by Bacteria Isolated from Small Scale Gold Mining Tailings in Lombok, Indonesia

Nurfitriani Siska, Arisoesilaningsih Endang, Nuraini Yulia, Handayanto Eko

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2020

Vol. 21, nr 6

127--136

The activity of small scale gold mining (ASGM) in Indonesia has expanded to Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara. The use of mercury (Hg) and the traditional mining process cause that the ASGM tailings waste still contains Hg. The tailings waste is piled up near paddy fields and residential areas so that it has the potential to pollute the environment. This study aimed at isolating the bacteria that can accumulate Hg from the ASGM tailings in Lombok. The tailing samples were taken from Sekotong, Pujut, and Jonggat Districts, Lombok. The bacteria that have been isolated from the tailing samples were tested for their ability of Hg hemolysis resistance, and Hg bioaccumulation. Three bacteria with the highest Hg bioaccumulation ability were identified using the 16S rDNA gene squad. The results showed that out of 32 bacterial isolates, 27 isolates were found to be tolerant to Hg. Two bacterial isolates that were able to accumulate the highest amount of Hg and were identified as Fictibacillus nanhainensis (SKT-B) 82.25% and Bacillus toyonensis (PJM-F1) 81.21%. This study proved that the bacteria isolated from ASGM tailings have a great potential to be used as Hg bioaccumulation agents.

The Potential of Mercury-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Small-Scale Gold Mine Tailings for Accumulation of Mercury

Chasanah U., Nuraini Y., Handayanto E.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2018

Vol. 19, nr 2

236--245

In certain small-gold mining activities in West Lombok, Indonesia, the tailings containing mercury are discharged to agricultural lands, reducing their productivity. One of the efforts to restore the land is by bioremediation of mercury, using mercury-resistant microbes. This study was aimed to isolate the mercury-resistant bacteria from small-scale gold mine tailings containing mercury, and to test their capability in accumulating mercury. Bacterial isolation and identification were conducted from nutrient broth supplemented with 5 ppm HgCl2. The isolated bacteria were tested for mercury accumulation in the nutrient broth containing 10, 20 and 30 ppm Hg for 24 hours, and in small-scale gold mine tailing containing 41.37 ppm Hg for 2 weeks. The results showed that there were four pure isolates of mercury-resistant bacteria which were identified as Brevundimonas vesicularis, Nitrococcus mobilis, Fusobacterium aquatile and Fusobacterium necrogenes. The highest Hg accumulation from nutrient broth liquid media containing 10, 20 and 30 ppm Hg was observed for Brevundimonas vesicularis. The mercury accumulation efficiency of the four bacteria applied to small-scale gold mine tailing containing mercury was in the order of Fusobacterium aquatile (76.1%) > Brevundimonas vesicularis (75.6%) > Fusobacterium necrogenes (74.4%) > Nitrococcus mobilis (74.2%). On the basis of the Hg accumulation efficiency of more than 75%, Fusobacterium aquatile and Brevundimonas vesicularis are prospective for bioremediation of mercury-contaminated soils.