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Centrifugal shaking experiments and FEM analytical investigation on masonry block reinforcement of small earth dams

Wang Bohan, Mohri Yoshiyuki, Hidekazu Tagashira, Izumi Akira, Tanaka Tadatsugu

Archives of Civil Engineering

2024

Vol. 70, nr 1

443--458

In this research, a series of centrifuge model tests and dynamic response analyses were conducted to elucidate the impact of a composite structure comprised of a reinforced earth-pressure-resistant technique, using both masonry blocks and the reinforced earth method, which was installed at the slope toe end of an aged reservoir. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the seismic response of the embankment. The experimental tests included shaking table tests that were performed on an unreinforced embankment as well as a masonry block reinforced embankment, both in a water storage condition. The dynamic behavior of the embankment, as well as the propagation of slip failure, were compared and verified. Through the use of elasto-plastic dynamic response analysis, using the finite element method, the location of the slip surface, the settlement of the embankment and the dynamic response characteristics, as obtained experimentally, were examined to clarify the effects of the counter measure structure. The results indicate that the implementation of masonry blocks and the reinforcement installed behind them greatly improve the stability of the slope of the embankment, suppress the shear failure of the upper part of the embankment, and effectively prevent overall deformation of the embankment.

Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of organic matter in the water of a small reservoir

Parszuto K., Tandyrak R, Galik J.

Archives of Environmental Protection

2009

Vol. 35, no. 3

59-71

The aim of this study was to determine the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of organic matter in water of a small reservoir Modrzewiowy Pond using a SUVA indicator, paniculate organic carbon (POC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC) and DOC were determined using a Shimadzu TOC-5000 analyzer. The POC value was obtained from the difference of TOC and DOC. High average TOC concentration (32.20 mg Cdm^-3), resulting mainly from high POC (21.03 mg Cdm^-3) in TOC, maximum SUVA parameter (30.87 dm^3cm^-1(g C)^-1) and chlorophyll concentrations (75.60 mgm^-3) and pheophytin (94.39 mg-m^-3), was observed in the over sediments waters of the pond. The high value of the SUVA indicator in the water of Modrzewiowy Pond, prove high-molecular organic compounds resistant to biodegrada-tion in the DOC pool. The examinations showed a significant influence of the primary and secondary production on the quality and the amount of organic matter in the examined reservoir.

Celem badań była jakościowa i ilościowa charakterystyka materii organicznej w wodzie małego zbiornika, Modrzewiowego Stawu, za pomocą wskaźnika SUVA oraz form cząsteczkowego (POC) i rozpuszczonego węgla organicznego (DOC). Stężenie całkowitego węgla organicznego (TOC) i DOC ustalono za pomocą analizatora Shimadzu TOC-5000. Frakcję POC otrzymano z różnicy między TOC i DOC. W wodzie naddennej zbiornika zaobserwowano wysoką średnią koncentrację TOC (32,20 mg C-dm^-3), wynikającą głównie z dużego udziału POC (21,03 mg C-dm^-3) w TOC, wysokie wartości parametru SUVA (30,87 dm^3cm^-1(g C)^-1) oraz stężenia chlorofilu a (75,60 mg-m^-3) i feofityny a (94,39 mgm^-3). Wysokie wartości wskaźnika SUVA świadczyły o dużym udziale trudno rozkładalnych związków w puli DOC. Wykazano istotny wpływ produkcji pierwotnej oraz wtórnej na jakość i ilość materii organicznej w badanym zbiorniku.