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Effect of Microstructural Constituents on Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of API X60, X70, and X80 Pipeline Steels

Shin Seung-Hyeok, Oh Dong-Kyu, Kim Sang-Gyu, Hwang Byoungchul

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

2024

Vol. 69, iss. 1

39--43

This study describes how microstructural constituents affected the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of high-strength pipeline steels. The American Petroleum Institute (API) X60, X70, and X80 pipeline steels demonstrated complicated microstructure comprising polygonal ferrite (PF), acicular ferrite, granular bainite (GB), bainitic ferrite (BF), and secondary phases, e.g., the martensite-austenite (MA) constituent, and the volume fraction of the microstructures was dependent on alloying elements and processing conditions. To evaluate the hydrogen embrittlement resistance, a slow strain rate test (SSRT) was performed after electrochemical hydrogen charging. The SSRT results indicated that the X80 steel with the highest volume fraction of the MA constituent demonstrated relatively high yield strength but exhibited the lowest hydrogen embrittlement resistance because the MA constituent acted as a reversible hydrogen trap site.

Hydrogen degradation of pre-oxidized zirconium alloys

Szoka A., Gajowiec G., Zieliński A., Serbiński W., Olive J. M., Ossowska A.

Advances in Materials Science

2017

Vol. 17, nr 1(51)

5--21

The presence of the oxide layers on Zr alloys may retard or enhance the hydrogen entry and material degradation, depending on the layer features. This research has been aimed to determine the effects of pre-oxidation of the Zircaloy-2 alloy at a different temperature on hydrogen degradation. The specimens were oxidised in laboratory air at 350°C, 700°C, and 900°C. After, some samples were tensed at 10-5 strain rate and simultaneously charged with hydrogen under constant direct voltage in 1 N sulfuric acid at room temperature. Other specimens were charged without any tension, then annealed at 400°C for 4 h and finally tensed at above strain rate. The SEM examinations were performed on the cross-sections and fracture faces of specimens. The obtained results demonstrate the effects of the oxide layer on the cathodic current and hydrogen entry, mechanical properties and the appearance of hydrides and fracture behaviour.

Hydrogen embrittlement of extra high-strength weldable steel.

Ćwiek J., Abusaa F.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

2001

R. XXII, nr 4

270-273

Hydrogen embrittlement of extra high strength weldable steel has been evaluated. The quenched and tempered 17HMBVA steel grade with minimum yield strength 690 MPa, and its submerged arc welded joint were examined. Slow strain rate tests were performed in artificial sea-water under various cathodic current densities. Relative values of: fracture energy, time to failure, elongation, reduction in area, and tensile strength were chosen as the measures of hydrogen degradation.

Oceniono podatność stali spawalnej o wysokiej wytrzymałości na kruchość wodorową. Badano stal ulepszoną cieplnie gatunku 17HMBVA, o minimalnej granicy plastyczności 690 MPA, oraz jej złącze spawane automatycznie łukiem krytym. Wykonano próby powolnego rozciągania w środowisku zastępczej wody morskiej, przy różnych natężeniach prądu katodowego. Jako mierniki kruchości wodorowej wyznaczono względne wartości (odniesione do prób w powietrzu) energii zniszczenia, czasu do zniszczenia, wydłużenia, przewężenia oraz wytrzymałości na rozciąganie.