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Apparent stress and stress drop from seismic events induced by mining

Gibowicz S.

Acta Geophysica Polonica

2002

Vol. 50, nr 1

35-49

Seven sets of the values of uniformly estimated apparent stress and Brune's stress drop from 987 seismic events, with moment magnitude ranging from -3.6 to 3.8, were collected from two South African gold mines, two Polish coal and two copper mines, and from the Underground Research Laboratory (URL) in Canada. They are used to examine their relations with radiated energy, seismic moment and source dimension to provide observational evidence of differences for slip-weakening as compared to velocity-weakening friction, found from elasto-dynamic source modeling of Shaw (1998). The observations from various data sets scale differently, but their pattern is not always distinctly related to the different frictions. The distribution of the apparent stress divided by the stress drop as a function of seismic moment is the most similar to the relevant distribution obtained by modeling, and it seems that both modes of friction are possible during the generation of seismic events in various mining environments.