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1

Dynamic sliding mode control based on a full-order observer: Underactuated electro-mechanical system regulation

Ordaz Patricio, Romero-Trejo Hugo, Cuvas Carlos, Sandre Omar

International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science

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2024

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Vol. 34, no. 1

29--43

EN

This paper concerns the synthesis of a nonlinear robust output controller based on a full-order observer for a class of uncertain disturbed systems. The proposed method guarantees that, in finite time, the system trajectories go inside a minimal neighborhood ultimately bounded. To this end, the attractive ellipsoid method is enhanced by applying the dynamic sliding mode control performance properties. Furthermore, in order to guarantee the stability of the trajectory around the trivial solution in the uniform-ultimately bounded sense, the feasibility of a specific matrix inequality problem is provided. With this feasible set of matrix inequalities, the separation principle of the controller/observer scheme considered also holds. To achieve a system performance improvement, a numerical algorithm based on the small size ultimate bound is presented. Finally, to illustrate the theoretical performance of the designed controller/observer, a numerical example dealing with the stabilization of a disturbed electromechanical system with uncertain and unmodeled dynamics is presented.

2

Power quality enhancement in double fed induction generator using iterative learning control

Djaidja Oussama, Mekki Hemza, Zeghleche Samir, Djerioui Ali

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 7

41--48

EN

This paper presents a combination of the proposed Sliding Mode Control and a newly developed iterative learning control technique for harmonic compensation for the fault’s effect to adjust the active and reactive power to their desired references. The classical SMC cannot deal with the effect of the faults that can achieve graceful system degradation. Indeed, when there are significant disturbances, the input control signal of the SM controller is gradually adjusted by the ILC harmonic compensator in order to reject the disruptive harmonics effectively. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested SMC-ILC in terms of active and reactive power responses. The obtained results illustrate that the SMC-ILC strategy is valid and capable of ensuring a ripple-free operation in the presence of faults. The proposed controller is characterized by its simple design, robustness, and efficiency, which are convincing for practical application and may be used as a solution to the current Fault Tolerant Control.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono kombinację proponowanej regulacji trybu ślizgowego i nowo opracowanej techniki iteracyjnego sterowania z uczeniem w celu kompensacji harmonicznych w obecności zwarć, aby sterować mocą czynną i bierną zgodnie z ich pożądanymi wartościami odniesienia. Klasyczny SMC nie radzi sobie ze skutkami usterek, które mogą doprowadzić do płynnej degradacji systemu. Rzeczywiście, gdy występują znaczne zakłócenia, wejściowy sygnał sterujący kontrolera SM jest stopniowo regulowany przez kompensator harmonicznych ILC w celu skutecznego odrzucenia zakłócających harmonicznych. Przedstawiono wyniki symulacji, aby pokazać skuteczność proponowanego SMC-ILC w zakresie odpowiedzi mocy czynnej i biernej. Uzyskane wyniki pokazują, że strategia SMC-ILC jest poprawna i zdolna do zapewnienia działania bez tętnień w przypadku wystąpienia usterki. Proponowany sterownik charakteryzuje się wytrzymałością, wydajnością i prostą konstrukcją, które przekonują do praktycznego zastosowania i mogą być stosowane jako alternatywa dla dotychczasowych Kontrola odporna na awarie.

3

Implementation of a cascaded fuzzy sliding mode control of hybrid power filter

Bessadet Ibtissam, Tedjini Hamza, Bousserhane Ismail Khalil

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 6

74--79

EN

This paper provides an experimental analysis of a non-linear load-based disturbed system. The shunt hybrid power filter is proposed to avoid propagating the non-linear load-based harmonic current and giving compensation for reactive power. shunt hybrid power filter is a combination of a small-rating active power filter and a passive 5th, 7th harmonic tuned LC filter. In order to control a power shunt hybrid filter to minimize the total harmonic distortion, we use active and reactive instant power theory. In this article, we use the controller PI control technique in the first section and the second part, we use the flow logic and mode control sliding through the device, and we compared a theme. The output of shunt hybrid filter in reducing harmonic distortions and compensating for reactive power is defined in the experimental results. Through this research paper, we conclude that this type of hybrid filter had a significant role in reducing the THD ratio from 29 to 3.7.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono eksperymentalną analizę nieliniowego układu zaburzonego opartego na obciążeniu. Zaproponowano bocznikowy hybrydowy filtr mocy, aby uniknąć propagacji nieliniowego prądu harmonicznego opartego na obciążeniu i zapewnić kompensację mocy biernej. Hybrydowy filtr mocy bocznikowej jest kombinacją aktywnego filtra mocy o niskiej wartości znamionowej i pasywnego filtra LC dostrojonego do piątej i siódmej harmonicznej. Aby kontrolować hybrydowy filtr bocznikowy mocy w celu zminimalizowania całkowitego zniekształcenia harmonicznych, stosujemy teorię mocy czynnej i biernej chwilowej mocy. W tym artykule używamy techniki sterowania kontrolerem PI w pierwszej sekcji, a w drugiej części używamy logiki przepływu i sterowania trybem przesuwania się przez urządzenie i porównaliśmy motyw. Wydajność bocznikowego filtru hybrydowego w redukcji zniekształceń harmonicznych i kompensacji mocy biernej jest określona w wynikach eksperymentalnych. Na podstawie tej pracy badawczej dochodzimy do wniosku, że ten typ filtra hybrydowego odegrał znaczącą rolę w zmniejszeniu współczynnika THD z 29 do 3,7.

4

Control of a photovoltaic system by sliding mode based on backstepping

Bouchriha Ilhem, Ghanem Ali Ben, Nouri Khaled

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 6

192--195

EN

In this article we have studied photovoltaic systems which are non-linear systems. Due to variations in the current-voltage characteristics of PV systems. In fact, we have described the sliding mode method and then we have combined it with the backstepping method. We have applied it to a well-determined PV system. shows that the sliding mode method based on backstepping is more efficient than that of the basic sliding mode.

PL

W tym artykule badaliśmy systemy fotowoltaiczne, które są systemami nieliniowymi. Ze względu na różnice w charakterystyce prądowo-napięciowej systemów fotowoltaicznych. W rzeczywistości opisaliśmy metodę trybu ślizgowego, a następnie połączyliśmy ją z metodą cofania. Zastosowaliśmy to do dobrze określonego systemu fotowoltaicznego. pokazuje, że metoda trybu ślizgowego oparta na krokach wstecznych jest bardziej wydajna niż metoda trybu ślizgowego podstawowego.

5

Advanced topology for grid-connected photovoltaic system based PWM rectifier

Laib Hichem, Sakri Djamel, Barra Kamel

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 4

266--272

EN

This paper proposes an advanced topology for grid-connected photovoltaic systems (GCPVS) based on sliding mode control (SMC). The proposed topology exploits the generation and regeneration modes of the three-phase PWM rectifier well suited for high power quality. In addition, it has the advantage of eliminating the inverter and the diode rectifier stages used in the classical structure and replacing them by a PWM rectifier. For maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of the PV generator, DC-Link voltage control and direct power control (DPC), a sliding mode controllers (SMC) are used in order to obtain high accuracy and fast dynamic response against meteorological and load variations. To verify the effectiveness of the control applied on the proposed topology, a wide simulation results are carried out under MATLAB-SIMULINK environment for different operating conditions that confirm the feasibility of the proposed topology.

PL

W artykule zaproponowano zaawansowaną topologię systemów fotowoltaicznych podłączonych do sieci (GCPVS) w oparciu o sterowanie trybem ślizgowym (SMC). Proponowana topologia wykorzystuje tryby generowania i regeneracji trójfazowego prostownika PWM dobrze przystosowanego do wysokiej jakości energii. Dodatkowo ma tę zaletę, że eliminuje stosowane w klasycznej konstrukcji stopnie falownika i prostownika diodowego i zastępuje je prostownikiem PWM. Do śledzenia maksymalnego punktu mocy (MPPT) generatora fotowoltaicznego, sterowania napięciem DC-Link i bezpośredniego sterowania mocą (DPC), stosowane są kontrolery trybu ślizgowego (SMC) w celu uzyskania wysokiej dokładności i szybkiej odpowiedzi dynamicznej na zmiany pogody i obciążenia . Aby zweryfikować skuteczność zastosowanego sterowania na proponowanej topologii, przeprowadza się szerokie wyniki symulacji w środowisku MATLAB-SIMULINK dla różnych warunków pracy, które potwierdzają wykonalność proponowanej topologii.

6

Self-adaptive fault-tolerant control strategy of shunt active power filter based on multicellular converter

Bouhafs Ali, Rouabah Boubakeur, Kafi Mohamed Redouane, Louazene Lakhdar

Diagnostyka

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2023

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Vol. 24, No. 4

art. no. 2023411

EN

The use of multicellular topology in power quality enhancement can reduce the power loss and also dv/dt of power switches, minimize the electromagnetic interference. However, the failure of flying capacitors can reduce the active filtering efficiency and affect the power quality by injecting currents with wave-form distortion (harmonics, notching, noises etc.) in power distribution grid. Therefore, this study presents a faulttolerant control strategy (FTC) allowing to keep the normal operation conditions of a multicellular converter even under failure mode. The obtained results show that the proposed FTC strategy enhances the power quality of power distribution grid when a fault in flying capacitors occurs.

7

Robust hybrid synchronization control of chaotic 3-cell CNN with uncertain parameters using smooth super twisting algorithm

Siddique Nazam, Rehman Fazal, Raoof Uzair, Iqbal Shahid, Rashad Muhammad

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 5

art. no. e146474

EN

This paper presents the control design framework for the hybrid synchronization (HS) and parameter identification of the 3-Cell Cellular Neural Network. The cellular neural network (CNN) of this kind has increasing practical importance but due to its strong chaotic behavior and the presence of uncertain parameters make it difficult to design a smooth control framework. Sliding mode control (SMC) is very helpful for this kind of environment where the systems are nonlinear and have uncertain parameters and bounded disturbances. However, conventional SMC offers a dangerous chattering phenomenon, which is not acceptable in this scenario. To get chattering-free control, smooth higher-order SMC formulated on the smooth super twisting algorithm (SSTA) is proposed in this article. The stability of the sliding surface is ensured by the Lyapunov stability theory. The convergence of the error system to zero yields hybrid synchronization and the unknown parameters are computed adaptively. Finally, the results of the proposed control technique are compared with the adaptive integral sliding mode control (AISMC). Numerical simulation results validate the performance of the proposed algorithm.

8

Robust estimation based nonlinear higher order sliding mode control strategies for PMSG-WECS

Nazir Awais, Khan Safdar Abbas, Khan Malak Adnan, Alam Zaheer, Khan Imran, Irfan Muhammad, Rehman Saifur, Nowakowski Grzegorz

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 5

art. no. e147063

EN

The wind energy conversion systems (WECS) suffer from an intermittent nature of source (wind) and the resulting disparity between power generation and electricity demand. Thus, WECS are required to be operated at maximum power point (MPP). This research paper addresses a sophisticated MPP tracking (MPPT) strategy to ensure optimum (maximum) power out of the WECS despite environmental (wind) variations. This study considers a WECS (fixed pitch, 3KW, variable speed) coupled with a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and proposes three sliding mode control (SMC) based MPPT schemes, a conventional first order SMC (FOSMC), an integral back-stepping-based SMC (IBSMC) and a super-twisting reachability-based SMC, for maximizing the power output. However, the efficacy of MPPT/control schemes rely on availability of system parameters especially, uncertain/nonlinear dynamics and aerodynamic terms, which are not commonly accessible in practice. As a remedy, an off-line artificial function-fitting neural network (ANN) based on Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is employed to enhance the performance and robustness of MPPT/control scheme by effectively imitating the uncertain/nonlinear drift terms in the control input pathways. Furthermore, the speed and missing derivative of a generator shaft are determined using a high-gain observer (HGO). Finally, a comparison is made among the stated strategies subjected to stochastic and deterministic wind speed profiles. Extensive MATLAB/Simulink simulations assess the effectiveness of the suggested approaches.

9

A new fuzzy design for switching gain adaptation of sliding mode controller for a wind energy conversion system using a doubly fed induction generator

Horch Mohamed, Chemidi Abdelkarim, Baghli Lotfi, Kadi Sara

Archives of Electrical Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 72, nr 1

273--291

EN

The paper proposes a newrobust fuzzy gain adaptation of the sliding mode (SMC) power control strategy for the wind energy conversion system (WECS), based on a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), to maximize the power extracted from the wind turbine (WT). The sliding mode controller can deal with any wind speed, ingrained nonlinearities in the system, external disturbances and model uncertainties, yet the chattering phenomenon that characterizes classical SMC can be destructive. This problem is suitably lessened by adopting adaptive fuzzy-SMC. For this proposed approach, the adaptive switching gains are adjusted by a supervisory fuzzy logic system, so the chattering impact is avoided. Moreover, the vector control of the DFIG as well as the presented one have been used to achieve the control of reactive and active power of the WECS to make the wind turbine adaptable to diverse constraints. Several numerical simulations are performed to assess the performance of the proposed control scheme. The results show robustness against parameter variations, excellent response characteristics with a reduced chattering phenomenon as compared with classical SMC.

10

Bifurcation analysis, circuit design and sliding mode control of a new multistable chaotic population model with one prey and two predators

Vaidyanathan Sundarapandian, Benkouider Khaled, Sambas Aceng, Darwin P.

Archives of Control Sciences

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2023

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Vol. 33, No. 1

127--153

EN

In this work, we report a new chaotic population biology system with one prey and two predators. Our new chaotic population model is derived by introducing two nonlinear interaction terms between the prey and predator-2 to the Samardzija-Greller population biology system (1988). We show that the new chaotic population biology system has a greater value of Maximal Lyapunov Exponent (MLE) than the Maximal Lyapunov Exponent (MLE) of the Samardzija-Greller population biology system (1988). We carry out a detailed bifurcation analysis of the new chaotic population biology system with one prey and two predators. We also show that the new chaotic population biology model exhibits multistability with coexisting chaotic attractors. Next, we use the integral sliding mode control (ISMC) for the complete synchronization of the new chaotic population biology system with itself, taken as the master and slave chaotic population biology systems. Finally, for practical use of the new chaotic population biology system, we design an electronic circuit design using Multisim (Version 14.0).

11

An itae optimal sliding mode controller for systems with control signal and velocity limitations

Pietrala Mateusz, Leśniewski Piotr, Bartoszewicz Andrzej

Acta Mechanica et Automatica

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2023

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Vol. 17, no. 2

230--238

EN

In this paper, a sliding mode controller, which can be applied for second-order systems, is designed. Robustness to external disturbances, finite regulation time and a good system’s behaviour are required for a sliding mode controller. In order to achieve the first two of these three goals, a non-linear, time-varying switching curve is introduced. The representative point (state vector) belongs to this line from the very beginning of the control process, which results in elimination of the reaching phase. The stable sliding motion along the switching curve is provided. Natural limitations such as control signal and system’s velocity constraints will be taken into account. In order to satisfy them, the sliding line parameters will be properly selected. However, a good dynamical behaviour of the system has to be provided. In order to achieve that, the integral time absolute error (ITAE) quality index will be introduced and minimised. The simulation example will verify theoretical considerations.

12

Robust hybrid control strategy PI-Sliding mode control of a STATCOM in the presence of a decentralized PV source

Belila Hassen, Boudjerda Nasserdine, Bahri Imen, Boubakir Ahsene

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2022

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R. 98, nr 10

292--298

EN

Nowadays, the flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) have emerged and began to play a key role in improving the quality of the grid power. The aim of this work is to design a robust control strategy for the voltage and the flow of reactive power using one of the most popular FACTS devices, namely the STATCOM (static compensator). The proposed strategy consists of a hybrid control (PI control - sliding mode control). This strategy proved its effectiveness in terms of response time and harmonic distortion rate. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of the insertion of a photovoltaic source in the electrical network on the STATCOM operation. Simulation results show that this decentralized source has relieved the grid by its contribution in active power with practically no influence on the performance of the STATCOM, which remains unaffected

PL

Obecnie pojawiły się elastyczne systemy przesyłu prądu przemiennego (FACTS), które zaczęły odgrywać kluczową rolę w poprawie jakości energii sieciowej. Celem pracy jest zaprojektowanie solidnej strategii sterowania napięciem i przepływem mocy biernej za pomocą jednego z najpopularniejszych urządzeń FACTS, czyli STATCOM (kompensator statyczny). Proponowana strategia składa się ze sterowania hybrydowego (regulacja PI – sterowanie ślizgowe). Strategia ta dowiodła swojej skuteczności pod względem czasu odpowiedzi i współczynnika zniekształceń harmonicznych. Ponadto zbadaliśmy wpływ wprowadzenia źródła fotowoltaicznego do sieci elektrycznej na działanie STATCOM. Wyniki symulacji pokazują, że to zdecentralizowane źródło odciążyło sieć dzięki swojemu udziałowi w mocy czynnej, praktycznie bez wpływu na wydajność STATCOM, na co nie ma to wpływu.

13

Robust fuzzy sliding mode control implementation for DC motor

Zaghrat Fatiha, Gasbaoui Brahim, Bouchiba Bousmaha, Bousserhane Ismail Khalil, Chaoufi Imane

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2022

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R. 98, nr 5

97--102

EN

This article presents a fuzzy sliding mode control (FSMC) to improve the speed performance of DC motor in direct and opposite directions, where two FSMC approaches are developed and implemented based on the DSpace 1104 board and compared to SMC. Although, the SMC ensures big robustness and excellent disturbance rejection it has a limited application because of the chattering phenomenon that is the main downside of SMC. Firstly, the SMC design speed and current controllers are presented. Secondly, two FSMC approaches are shown. In the first approach, we have a similar control rule as the SMC with the exceptions of the k and ksi of discontinuous control signal parameters which are adapted by a fuzzy inference system. In the second approach, totally we delete the discontinuous control and replace it with an FLC. This article focuses on the design of the FSM speed controller and the estimation of the resistive torque. The numerical and experimental validation results of the FSM second approach have shown a robust mechanism performance with a fast dynamic response, good tracking of the reference speed, zero overshoot compared to SMC (1.22%) and FSM first approach (0.09%), and good rejection Disturbance. Besides, the FSM second approach has the best reduction of chattering phenomenon compared to the FSM first approach and classical SMC.

PL

W tym artykule przedstawiono rozmytą kontrolę trybu ślizgowego (FSMC) w celu poprawy wydajności prędkości silnika prądu stałego w kierunkach bezpośrednich i przeciwnych, w której opracowano i wdrożono dwa podejścia FSMC w oparciu o płytę DSpace 1104 i porównano z SMC. Chociaż SMC zapewnia dużą wytrzymałość i doskonałe tłumienie zakłóceń, ma ograniczone zastosowanie ze względu na zjawisko drgania, które jest główną wadą SMC. W pierwszej kolejności przedstawiono projektowe kontrolery prędkości prądu SMC. Po drugie, pokazano dwa podejścia FSMC. W pierwszym podejściu mamy podobną zasadę sterowania jak SMC, z wyjątkiem parametrów k i ksi nieciągłych parametrów sygnału sterującego, które są dostosowywane przez rozmyty system wnioskowania. W drugim podejściu całkowicie usuwamy nieciagłą kontrolę i zastępujemy ją FLC. W tym artykule skupiono się na konstrukcji regulatora prędkości FSM i estymacji momentu rezystancyjnego. Numeryczne i eksperymentalne wyniki walidacji drugiego podejścia FSM wykazały solidne działanie mechanizmu z szybką odpowiedzia dynamiczną, dobrym śledzeniem prędkości odniesienia, zerowym przeregulowaniem w porównaniu z SMC (1,22%) i pierwszym podejściem FSM (0,09%) oraz dobrą odrzucenie Zakłócenie. Poza tym drugie podejście FSM ma najlepszą redukcję zjawiska drgania w porównaniu z pierwszym podejściem FSM i klasycznym SMC.

14

Comparative study of the performance of a sliding, sliding-fuzzy type 1 and a sliding-fuzzy type 2 control of a permanent magnet synchronous machine

Herizi Abdelghafour, Rouabhi Riyadh, Zemmit Abderrahim

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2022

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R. 98, nr 11

21--29

EN

This paper presents a comparative study of sliding mode control, hybrid sliding type-1 fuzzy logic and hybrid sliding type-2 fuzzy logic applied on the permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). We used different criteria in this comparison: qualitative, quantitative and robust during the transient and permanent operation of the system. In this article, we present a new sliding mode control strategy applied to the PMSM, this control combines sliding mode and fuzzy logic (type-1 and type-2) to find robust control. The control proposed keeping the part of the equivalent control by sliding mode and will change the part of the switching by a fuzzy controller. Simulation results with a sliding mode control, type-1 fuzzy logic controller (T1FLC) and with an interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller (IT2FLC) of a permanent magnet synchronous machine are presented. The advantage of using interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller is verified.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono badanie porównawcze sterowania ślizgowego, hybrydowej ślizgowej logiki rozmytej typu 1 i hybrydowej ślizgowej logiki rozmytej typu 2 zastosowanej w maszynie synchronicznej z magnesami trwałymi (PMSM). W tym porównaniu zastosowaliśmy różne kryteria: jakościowe, ilościowe i solidne podczas przejściowej i stałej pracy systemu. W tym artykule przedstawiamy nową strategię sterowania trybem ślizgowym zastosowaną do PMSM, ta kontrola łączy tryb ślizgowy i logikę rozmytą (typu-1 i typu-2), aby znaleźć niezawodne sterowanie. Sterowanie zaproponowało zachowanie części sterowania równoważnego w trybie przesuwnym i zmieni część przełączania za pomocą sterownika rozmytego. Przedstawiono wyniki symulacji ze sterowaniem ślizgowym, regulatorem rozmytym typu 1 (T1FLC) oraz interwałowym regulatorem logiki rozmytej typu 2 (IT2FLC) maszyny synchronicznej z magnesami trwałymi. Sprawdzono zaletę stosowania interwałowego sterownika rozmytego typu 2.

15

Sliding Mode Control-Based MPPT and Output Voltage Regulation of a Stand-alone PV System

Manuel Nelson Luis, İnanç Nihat

Power Electronics and Drives

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2022

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Vol. 7 (42)

159--173

EN

When it comes to reducing emissions caused by the generation of electricity, among different renewable energy sources, the solar energy gains prominence, due to its geographical availability, simplicity of implementation, and absence of physical moving parts. However, the performance of photovoltaic systems is dependent on environmental conditions. Depending on temperature and solar irradiation, the photovoltaic (PV) system has an operating point where maximum power can be generated. The techniques that are implemented to find this operating point are the so-called maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms. Since weather conditions are variable in nature, the output voltage of the PV system needs to be regulated to remain equal to the reference. Most of the existing studies focus either on MPPT or on voltage regulation of the PV system. In this paper, the two-stage PV system is implemented so that both MPPT and voltage regulation are achieved simultaneously. Additionally, an improved version of the perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm based on artificial potential fields (APF), called APF-P&O, is presented. According to the results of the simulations carried out in MATLAB/Simulink software, the APF-P&O method is more efficient than the conventional method.

16

Gaussian process dynamic modeling and backstepping sliding mode control for magnetic levitation system of maglev train

Sun Yougang, Wang Sumei, Lu Yang, Xu Junqi

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

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2022

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Vol. 60 nr 1

49--62

EN

The maglev trains are strongly nonlinear and open-loop unstable systems with external disturbances and parameters uncertainty. In this paper, the Gaussian process method is utilized to get the dynamic parameters, and a backstepping sliding mode controller is proposed for magnetic levitation systems (MLS) of maglev trains. That is, for a MLS of a maglev train, a nonlinear dynamic model with accurate parameters is obtained by the Gaussian process regression method, based on which a novel robust control algorithm is designed. Specifically, the MLS is divided into two sub-systems by a backstepping method. The inter virtual control inputs and the Lyapunov function are constructed in the first sub-system. For the second sub-system, the sliding mode surface is constructed to fulfil the design of the whole controller to asymptotically regulate the airgap to a desired trajectory. The stability of the proposed control method is analyzed by the Lyapunov method. Both simulation and experimental results are included to illustrate the superior performance of the presented method to cope with parameters perturbations and external disturbance.

17

Design of PI sliding mode control for Zeta DC-DC converter in PV system

Hasanah Rini Nur, Ardhenta Lunde, Nurwati Tri, Setyawati Onny, Sawitri Dian Retno, Suyono Hadi, Taufik Taufik

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2022

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Vol. 70, nr 3

art. no. e140952

EN

Solar energy has become one of the most potential alternative energies in the world. To convert solar energy into electricity, a photovoltaic (PV) system can be utilized. However, the fluctuation of sunlight intensity throughout the day greatly affects the generated energy in the PV system. A battery may be beneficial to store the generated energy for later use. A DC–DC converter is commonly exploited to produce a constant output voltage during the battery charging process. A Zeta converter is a DC–DC converter which can be used to produce output values above or below the input voltage without changing the polarity. To deal with the inherent non-linearity and time-varying properties of the converter, in this paper the sliding mode control (SMC) is first analyzed and exploited before being integrated with a proportional-integral (PI) control to regulate the output voltage of the PV system. Disturbances are given in the form of changes in input voltage, reference voltage, and load. Voltage deviation and recovery time to reach a steady-state condition of the output voltage after disturbances are investigated and compared to the results using a proportional-integral-differential (PID) controller. The results show that the proposed control design performs faster than the compared PID control method.

18

High-performance induction motor drive based on adaptive super-twisting sliding mode control approach

Farhi Salah Eddine, Sakri Djamel, Goléa Noureddine

Archives of Electrical Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 71, nr 1

245--263

EN

This paper proposes two high-order sliding mode algorithms to achieve highperformance control of induction motor drive. In the first approach, the super-twisting algorithm (STA) is used to reduce the chattering effect and to improve control accuracy. The second approach combines the super-twisting algorithm with a quasi-barrier function technique. While the super-twisting algorithm (STA) aims at the chattering reduction, the Barrier super-twisting algorithm (BSTA) aims to eliminate this phenomenon by providing continuous output control signals. The BSTA is designed to prevent the STA gain from being over-estimated by making these gains to decrease and increase according to system’s uncertainties. Stability and finite-time convergence are guaranteed using Lyapunov’s theory. In addition, the two controlled variables, rotor speed, and rotor flux modulus are estimated based on the second-order sliding mode (SOSM) observer. Finally, simulations are carried out to compare the performance and robustness of two control algorithms without adding the equivalent control. Tests are achieved under external load torque, varying reference speed, and parameter variations.

19

Pitch and yaw motion control of 2 DoF helicopter subjected to faults using sliding-mode control

Raghappriya M., Kanthalakshmi S.

Archives of Control Sciences

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2022

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Vol. 32, No. 2

359--381

EN

This paper presents a fault-tolerant control scheme for a 2 DOF helicopter. The 2 DOF helicopter is a higher-order multi-input multi-output system featuring non-linearity, cross-coupling, and unstable behaviour. The impact of sensor, actuator, and component faults on such highly complex systems is enormous. This work employs sliding mode control, which is based on reaching and super-twisting laws, to handle the problem of fault control. Simulation tests are carried out to show the effectiveness of the algorithms. Various performance metrics are analyzed and the results show SMC based on super-twisting law provides better control with less chattering. The stability of the closed-loop system is mathematically assured, in the presence of faults, which is a key contribution of this research.

20

Observer design estimating the propofol concentration in PKPD model with feedback control of anesthesia administration

Ilyas Muhammad, Khan Awais, Khan Muhammad Abbas, Xie Wei, Riaz Raja Ali, Khan Yousaf

Archives of Control Sciences

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2022

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Vol. 32, No. 1

85--103

EN

Propofol infusion in anesthesia administration requires continual adjustment in the manual infusion system to regulate the hypnosis level. Hypnotic level is based on Bispectral Index Monitor (BIS) showing the cortical activity of the brain scaled between 0 to 100. The new challenging aspect of automation in anaesthesia is to estimate the concentration of hypnotic drugs in different compartments of the body including primary, rapid peripheral (muscle), slow peripheral (bones, fat) and effect site (brain) compartment based on Pharmacokinetics (PK) and Pharmacodynamics (PD) model. This paper aimed to regulate the hypnosis level with estimating the Propofol concentrations using a linear observer in feedback control strategy based on Integral Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Controller (ISTSMC). The drug concentration in plasma of the silico patients accurately estimated in nominal transient. The results show that tracking errors between the actual output in form of BIS level and linearized output nearly approaches to zero in the maintenance phase of anesthesia to ensure the controller response on sliding phase with optimum performances by achieving desired hypnotic level 50 on BIS. The robustness of control strategy is further ensured by adding measurement noise of electromagnetic environment of operation theatre distracting signal quality index of the output BIS level.