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1

Ocena jakości obserwacji skanera laserowego velodyne w oparciu o dane symulowane

Pałęcki Adam, Jóżków Grzegorz

Przegląd Geodezyjny

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2024

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R. 96, nr 6

1--3

PL

Tanie skanery z wieloma wiązkami laserowymi takie jak Velodyne, Ouster, Hesai często wykorzystywane są do budowy niedrogich systemów skaningu kinematycznego, w tym systemów plecakowych i bezzałogowych. Niski koszt skutkuje mniejszą jakością pozyskiwanych danych, a parametry dokładnościowe podawane przez producentów często odbiegają od rzeczywistych. Z tego powodu problem oceny dokładności danych pozyskanych za pomocą takich skanerów jest ciągle podnoszony przez naukowców. Metody przez nich stosowane mają na celu ocenę dokładności położenia punktów skaningu i opierają się głownie na punktach i powierzchniach referencyjnych. Należy jednak zaznaczyć, że na dokładność położenia tych punktów wpływ mają różne czynniki, w tym te wynikające z błędów instrumentalnych, wynikające z charakteru mierzonego obiektu, a także danych z innych sensorów (np. dane o trajektorii stosowane w skaningu mobilnym). W tym artykule proponujemy metodę, która pozwala na ocenę jakości obserwacji (odległości i kątów), których błędy wynikają głównie z pierwszego z wymienionych czynników, czyli instrumentu. Metoda ta bazuje na porównaniu obserwacji rzeczywistych z teoretycznymi powstającymi poprzez symulację. Do symulacji rzeczywistych obserwacji stosowany jest wirtualny skaner Velodyne, który umieszczany jest w takiej samej pozycji i orientacji jak rzeczywisty. Obserwacje teoretyczne dla skanera wirtualnego tworzone są w oparciu o znany mechanizm działania skanera oraz dokładną i bardzo gęstą chmurę punktów naziemnego skaningu laserowego. Wykonane dla skanera Velodyne HDL-32E eksperymenty wykazały, że dokładność pomiaru odległości jest porównywalna z podawaną przez producenta, jednak inna dla różnych diod laserowych, a dokładność pomiaru kąta poziomego wynosi około 0,04°. Ponadto wykazano, że częstotliwość wirownia skanera, od której zależy wartość kąta poziomego jest różna od wartości nominalnej i nie jest stała w trakcie całego obrotu. Opracowana metoda symulacji obserwacji może być w przyszłości wykorzystana do kalibracji podobnych skanerów tego typu.

EN

Inexpensive scanners with multiple laser beams such as Velodyne, Ouster, Hesai are often used to build low-cost kinematic scanning systems, including backpack and unmanned systems. Low costs result in lower quality of the acquired data. In addition, the accuracy parameters provided by manufacturers are often different from the actual ones. For this reason, the problem of assessing the accuracy of data obtained using such scanners is investigated by scientists. The methods used for this purpose aim at assessing the accuracy of the position of scanning points and use mainly reference points and surfaces. However, that the accuracy of the location of these points is influenced by various factors, including those resulting from instrumental errors, from the nature of the measured object, as well as data from other sensors (e.g. trajectory data used in mobile scanning). In this article, we propose a method that allows for the assessment of the quality of observations (distances and angles) which errors result mainly from the first of the mentioned factors, i.e. the instrument. Proposed method bases on the comparison of real observations with theoretical ones created through simulation. To simulate real observations, a virtual Velodyne scanner is used, which is placed in the same position and orientation as the real one. Theoretical observations for the virtual scanner are created based on the known mechanism of scanner operation and an accurate and very dense terrestrial laser scanning point cloud. Experiments executed for the Velodyne HDL-32E scanner proved that the accuracy of distance measurement is comparable to that provided by the manufacturer, but different for different laser diodes, while the accuracy of horizontal angle measurement is equal to about 0.04°. Moreover, it was shown that the scanner's rotation frequency, which determines the value of the horizontal angle, is different from the nominal value and is not constant during the entire rotation. The developed observation simulation method can be used in the future to calibrate similar scanners of this type.

2

The reloading of a ship in a maritime container terminal as a queuing problem of interacting processes

Bartosiewicz Aleksandra, Kucharski Adam

Operations Research and Decisions

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2024

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Vol. 34, No. 1

17--33

EN

In this work, we propose a multi-server queuing system for modeling the processes that occur in a maritime container terminal. In our study, the main operations that take place at the quay and in the yard are first disaggregated into several elementary activities. Then we propose the step-by-step calculation of the times of each operation that influences both the unloading and the loading of a container. Next, we analyze the vessel cycle time while separately investigating the STS (ship to shore) crane cycle time, the RTG (rubber tyred gantry) cycle time, as well as the IMV (internal movement vehicle) transfer time. Finally, we apply two process-driven simulation experiments to the system analysis. The paper demonstrates the proposed model’s effectiveness with data from the BCT Gdynia container terminal. We show that, among others, even with properly planned work of STS cranes and RTGs, there is still a high probability that the quay will become a bottleneck of the described processes.

3

Optimising the management of arriving baggage at a Kuwait Airways passenger terminal using mathematical programming and simulation

Abdullah Ahmad A., Al-Sultan Ahmad T., Alsaber Ahmad

Operations Research and Decisions

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2024

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Vol. 34, No. 1

1--16

EN

Handling luggage systems is a critical component of a passenger terminal’s operations. The proposed study attempts to find the optimal solution for a manually operated terminal concerning the luggage offloading process from arrival flights carried by a limited number of ground handling agents. Handling agents start the offloading process from the aircraft to the cargo luggage containers carried by a cargo car that will take the containers’ trolleys to the cargo area to offload them into the reserved luggage belt carousel. This study aims to improve airport service quality by minimizing the baggage handling process time for arrival flights which leads to minimizing passenger waiting time in the baggage claim area. We proposed both a deterministic and stochastic approach. The integer programming method is provided to minimize the total number of flights assigned to the belt carousel under the realistic constraint of minimizing the luggage load on each belt carousel. Simulation tools were used so that the offloading process could be modeled to study the effects of various parameters such as the number of ground handling agents for different flights with different amounts of luggage.

4

Control of chaos in the burke-shaw system of fractal-fractional order in the sense of Caputo-Fabrizio

Saber Sayed

Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computational Mechanics

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2024

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Vol. 23, nr 1

83-96

EN

For the Burke-Shaw system, we propose a fractal-fractional order in the sense of the Caputo-Fabrizio derivative. The proposed system is solved by utilizing the fractal-fractional derivative operator with an exponential decay kernel. Time-fractional Caputo-Fabrizio fractal fractional derivatives are applied to the Burke-Shaw-type nonlinear chaotic systems.Based on fixed point theory, it has been demonstrated that a fractal-fractional-order model under the Caputo-Fabrizio operator exists and is unique. Using a numerical power series method, we solve the fractional Burke-Shaw model. Using Newton’s interpolation polynomial, we solve the equation numerically by implementing a novel numerical scheme based on an efficient polynomial.

5

Autonomous Mobile Robots in Automotive Remanufacturing: A Case Study for Intra-Logistics Support

Pizoń Jakub, Wójcik Łukasz, Gola Arkadiusz, Kański Łukasz, Nielsen Izabela Ewa

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

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2024

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Vol. 18, no 1

213--230

EN

The article focuses on the role of modern logistics 4.0 technologies and lean management in optimizing ancillary processes in intralogistics. The literature review presents critical aspects of intralogistics, including using autonomous mobile robots (AMR) and the challenges associated with their successful implementation. The article also discusses the concepts of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0. highlighting the importance of synergies between workers and advanced technologies. In optimizing logistics processes, the authors emphasize the importance of lean management and tools such as 5S and Kaizen. The authors analyze the research gap related to the organization of auxiliary processes, intralogistics, and the introduction of modern technologies. The lack of good practices and strategies for implementing new technologies for ancillary processes makes this a critical issue for managers and production engineers. The article provides practical strategies that can be implemented in companies. It is a valuable resource for managers seeking to manage intralogistics and effectively improve support processes in manufacturing plants. In summary, the article provides a comprehensive look at modern approaches to optimizing support processes in internal logistics. It highlights the importance of integrating modern logistics technologies with lean management principles, which can increase companies' efficiency and competitiveness.

6

Numerical investigations on the dynamic behaviour of a 2-DOF airfoil with application in energy harvesting system

Haniszewski Tomasz, Gąska Damian, Margielewicz Jerzy, Opasiak Tadeusz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 118

77--91

EN

This article presents the basic airfoil model with two degrees of freedom - the semi-rigid model, where its forced vibrations were considered, and the exciting force is the aerodynamic force, including its periodic changes, that is, gusts. Since the phenomenological model under study has a coupled form, its versions after decoupling are presented, which has an impact on the results of the final research. The airfoil model presented in this way was shown from the application side in the system of a simple energy harvester based on a deformable beam with piezoelectric elements. The result of the simulation tests is a preliminary analysis of the possibility of using the airfoil as a vibration generator for the energy harvesting system. Along with the application of the mechanical part, a numerical simulation of the electrical part was also implemented, related to the transformation of the voltage generated by piezoelectric elements into a constant voltage signal with a connected receiver with power consumption similar to the Atmega microcontroller with battery charging.

7

Testing algorithms for quick rescheduling flow shop problems with FlexSim based simulation and R engine

Janke Piotr

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 168

163--175

EN

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to present a combination of advanced algorithms for finding optimal solutions together with their tests for a permutation flow-shop problem with the possibilities offered by a simulation environment. Four time-constrained algorithms are tested and compared for a specific problem. Design/methodology/approach: Four time-constrained algorithms are tested and compared for a specific problem. The results of the work realisation of the algorithms are transferred to a simulation environment. The entire solution proposed in the work is composed as a parallel environment to the real implementation of the production process. Findings: The genetic algorithm generated the best solution in the same specified short time. By implementing the adopted approach, the correct cooperation of the FlexSim simulation environment with the R language engine was obtained. Research limitations/implications: The genetic algorithm generated the best solution in the same specified short time. By implementing the approach, a correct interaction between the FlexSim simulation environment and the R language engine was achieved. Practical implications: The solution proposed in this paper can be used as an environment to test solutions proposed in production. Simulation methods in the areas of logistics and production have for years attracted the interest of the scientific community and the wider industry. Combining the achievements of science in solving computationally complex problems with increasingly sophisticated algorithms, including artificial intelligence algorithms, with simulation methods that allow a detailed overview of the consequences of changes made seems promising. Originality/value: The original concept of cooperation between the R environment and the FlexSim simulation software for a specific problem was presented.

8

Ochrona odgromowa stacji transformatorowej dla pływającej elektrowni fotowoltaicznej

Sobolewski Konrad

Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne

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2023

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R. 91, nr 11

16--22

PL

Artykuł poświęcono ogólnej charakterystyce ochrony odgromowej pływającej elektrowni fotowoltaicznej wraz ze stacją transformatorową. Przedstawione zostało zagrożenie piorunowe dla poszczególnych struktur obiektu, a następnie dokonano analizy możliwych do zastosowania wariantów ochrony przed działaniem pioruna. Odniesiono się zarówno do: zwodów, przewodów odprowadzających, jak i systemu uziemiającego. Temu ostatniemu, jako elementowi najbardziej różnicującemu sposób wykonania pływającej elektrowni, poświęcono dodatkową analizę modelowo-symulacyjną obejmującą różne sposoby wykonania oraz wpływ zmian środowiskowych na skuteczność jego działania. Całość zamyka podsumowanie oraz wnioski.

EN

This article is devoted to the general characteristics of lightning protection of a floating photovoltaic power plant with a transformer station. The lightning hazard for individual structures of the facility was presented, and then the possible variants of lightning protection were analysed. Reference was made to the air terminals, the discharge wires and the grounding system. The last one was the subject of an additional model and simulation analysis covering various forms of execution and the impact of environmental changes on the effectiveness of its operation as the element that provides the most differentiation of a floating power plant construction method. The paper ends with a summary and conclusions.

9

Analyzing Safe Epidemic Distancing in Public Transport Buses: A Simulation Study on Passenger Flow

Chema Wongelawit, Burdzik Rafał, Celiński Ireneusz, Dębicka Ewa

Transport Samochodowy

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2023

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z. 2

3--7

EN

During the COVID-19 pandemic, public transport played a crucial role in maintaining essential services while ensuring the safety of both passengers and staff. As the world gradually resumes operations, the impact of the pandemic is expected to persist for some time. Existing studies focus on virus transmission in vehicles, with limited knowledge about post-pandemic passenger flow, safety, and satisfaction. This paper presents a model of passenger movement in public transport, considering factors like boarding times, movement within stops, and the impact of crowding and delays. To reduce transmission at bus stops, we developed a simulation-based passenger flow model using PTV Vissim. The program was used to simulate passenger exchange scenarios, using data collected from real data. The goal was to create a model that minimizes the risk of infection. By understanding passenger flow and interactions with the public transport system, effective measures can be implemented to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases.

PL

Podczas pandemii COVID-19 transport publiczny odegrał kluczową rolę w utrzymaniu podstawowych usług, zapewniając jednocześnie bezpieczeństwo zarówno pasażerów, jak i personelu. W miarę jak świat stopniowo wznawia działalność, oczekuje się, że skutki pandemii utrzymają się przez jakiś czas. Istniejące badania koncentrują się na przenoszeniu wirusów w pojazdach, przy ograniczonej wiedzy na temat przepływu pasażerów, bezpieczeństwa i satysfakcji po pandemii. W artykule przedstawiono model poruszania się pasażerów w transporcie publicznym, biorąc pod uwagę takie czynniki, jak czas wejścia do pojazdu, ruch w obrębie przystanków oraz wpływ zatłoczenia i opóźnień. Aby ograniczyć przekazywanie zakażeń na przystankach autobusowych, opracowaliśmy model przepływu pasażerów oparty na symulacji przy użyciu PTV Vissim. W programie przeprowadzono symulację scenariuszy wymiany pasażerów, wykorzystując dane zebrane z danych rzeczywistych. Celem było stworzenie modelu, który minimalizuje ryzyko infekcji. Rozumiejąc przepływ pasażerów i interakcje z systemem transportu publicznego, można wdrożyć skuteczne środki ograniczające rozprzestrzenianie się Covid-19 i innych chorób zakaźnych.

10

Verification of a train on railway track simulation and optimization system

Mańka Adam, Kisielewski Piotr, Konieczny Jarosław, Labisz Krzysztof, Ćwiek Janusz

Transport Problems

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2023

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T. 18, z. 3

137--150

EN

This article presents a Train on Railway Track simulation model and program developed by the authors. The model implements the module for multiple-criteria optimization with a set of proposed objective functions allowing reductions in train passing time, total costs, energy consumption, and adverse environmental impacts. The Train on Railway Track simulator has been developed to allow both the simulation itself and the ride optimization. The main achievement is the development of an algorithm that simulates the passage of a train over 500 km, the duration of which did not exceed two minutes. We present an analysis of the impact of model changes on the duration of the simulation and the accuracy of the results obtained. This allows the use of these achievements in simulations carried out for the railway, automotive, or aviation industries as well. Changes in the classical approach to optimization proposed by the authors made it possible to obtain results directly by solving classical systems of equations. The change in the approach to the optimization and system algorithm has reduced the operating time of the optimization system from thousands of simulations to a single simulation with an additional optimization process that takes several minutes to calculate. This article is a continuation of the description of the work performed, and basic information about the developed simulation model and software functionality is included in a separate publication [13].

11

Changes in the perception of telematics technology by road transport companies: an empirical analysis in 2020-21

Zalewski Wojciech, Osińska Magdalena, Żurek Mirosława

Transport Problems

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2023

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T. 18, z. 1

5--17

EN

We present a novel study concerning the attitudes of road transport enterprises towards a broad application of telematics in operational management in road transportation. The study aims to assess telematics application in road transport and its changes over time while showing the factors most likely to determine the systems’ use. Unobserved categories defined in the technology acceptance model (TAM) are adjusted to measure perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and attitudes toward using telematics systems by road transport managers. The study is based on 323 transport enterprises analyzed in two waves in 2020 and 2021. The use of two different time points is motivated by an observed increase in the digitalization of transport documents caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The empirical findings support the TAM’s usefulness in evaluating IT in transport business management. The findings also reveal that the significantly increased telematics use in 2020 was observed while it was endured. The results are checked for robustness and used for simulations. The study compares managers’ behaviors over time and simulates the effect of individual (observed) variables on unobserved TAM categories.

12

Model of the random phase of signal E6 of the Galileo Satellite Navigation System

Džunda M., Čikovský S., Melniková L.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2023

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Vol. 17 No. 1

61--68

EN

The aim of this paper was to describe the random phase of the E6 signal, the Galileo satellite navigation system. Based on the available information, mathematical models of the measurement signals of the Galileo system were created. The frequencies of individual signals were determined and their structure visualized. A block diagram of the generation of individual signals is also shown. The main contribution of the paper is the creation of a random phase model of the E6 signal from the Galileo system. In accordance with the technical data of the Galileo system, the parameters of the random phase model were determined. The simulation results confirmed that the frequency instability of the continuous signal E6 n received from the satellite is a stationary process. The short-term stability of the frequency ranges from 10-13 to 10-14. The simulation results confirmed that the Doppler effect significantly affects the random phase of the E6 signal. This phenomenon can affect the results of navigation measurements using the E6 signal. The modeling and simulation results of the random phase of the E6 signal presented in the paper can be used to evaluate the immunity of the Galileo navigation system to interference.

13

Thermal Operating Window in Selective Laser Melting Processes

Kozak Jerzy, Zakrzewski Tomasz, Witt Marta, Dębowska-Wąsak Martyna

Transactions on Aerospace Research

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2023

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Nr 4 (273)

18--32

EN

Selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the most effective methods of additive manufacturing (AM). It is used to manufacture products with very complex geometries using a wide range of materials. Practical process conditions are limited by the occurrence of undesirable melting instabilities that degrade the surface quality and lead to product defects. These disadvantages are related to the thermal limitations of the SLM process. The lower thermal limit is due to the need to completely melt the powder layer and partially remelt the underlying layer again to ensure proper bonding between the layers. Exceeding the upper thermal limit in the molten metal pool may cause extensive evaporation, boiling and ejection of molten metal droplets outside the melting area. The article presents an approach and methodology that enable the determination of thermal limits and the operating window of SLM/selective laser sintering (SLS) processes in a relatively simple way. The studies have been performed using various settings of SLM process parameters. The usefulness of the preliminary determination of thermal limitations and approximate prediction of operating window of SLM has been confirmed experimentally and by more accurate computer simulation.

14

Modeling and simulation of the furniture manufacturing and assembly process in the Arena simulation software

Kolny Damian, Kaczmar-Kolny Ewa, Dulina Ľuboslav

Technologia i Automatyzacja Montażu

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2023

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nr 1

13--22

EN

The article describes issues related to creating discrete simulation models for the implementation of the furniture manufacturing and assembly process in a furniture company. The methodology of the manufacturing system analysis was presented, which is aimed to support the appropriate approach to the construction of simulation models. The scope of the work includes the technological identification of the furniture manufacturing and assembly process in real production conditions, on the basis of which the appropriate simulation model was built. The course of the process was analyzed in the Arena software on the basis of a computer simulation based on reports. As a result of the simulation of the manufacturing process with the use of information from report of usage, an area for improvement was located. The re-analysis of the material flow made it possible to propose a change in the input parameters for the simulation model in the indicated area. The results of the second simulation show significant changes in the effective use of workstations and increase in the efficiency of the production line. In practice, it can be the basis for introducing simulated changes in the production system.

PL

W artykule opisano zagadnienia związane z tworzeniem dyskretnych modeli symulacyjnych dla realizacji procesu wytwarzania i montażu mebli w przedsiębiorstwie branży meblarskiej. Przedstawiono metodykę analizy systemu wytwarzania, która ma za zadanie wspierać właściwe podejście dla budowy modeli symulacyjnych. Zakresem praca obejmuje identyfikację technologiczną procesu wytwarzania i montażu mebli w rzeczywistych warunkach produkcyjnych, w oparciu o którą zbudowano właściwy model symulacyjny na przykładzie procesu wytwarzania w rzeczywistych warunkach produkcyjnych. Analizę przebiegu procesu na podstawie symulacji komputerowej w oparciu o raporty przeprowadzono w oprogramowaniu Arena. W wyniku przeprowadzonej symulacji procesu wytwarzania z wykorzystaniem informacji z raportu obciążeń stanowiskowych zlokalizowano obszar do doskonalenia. Powtórna analiza przepływu materiałowego pozwoliła zaproponować zmianę parametrów wejściowych dla modelu symulacyjnego we wskazanym obszarze. Wyniki drugiej symulacji wskazują istotne zmiany w zakresie efektywnego wykorzystania stanowisk pracy oraz zwiększenia wydajności linii produkcyjnej. W praktyce może to stanowić podstawę do wprowadzenia symulowanych zmian w omawianym systemie produkcyjnym.

15

Development of control system of mobile robot with differential drive

Božek Pavol, Pivarčiová Elena

Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji

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2023

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Vol. 12, iss. 2

50--56

EN

Currently, the topic of automation of logistic processes in warehouses is relevant. The article considers a control system of high level for a mobile robot with a differential drive with a maximum payload of 200 kg with motion simulation in the Matlab Simulink software product. Optimal control of drives based on brushless DC motors at the lower level has been developed. The transient time of low level control system is 1.067 seconds. The mobile robot control system in the minimum version consists of ten ultrasonic distance sensors located along the perimeter of the mobile robot body and of eight contrast band sensors.

16

Techniczno-ekonomiczna analiza produkcji wodoru z biogazu w instalacji przemysłowej

Wodołażski Artur

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2023

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T. 102, nr 6

572--576

PL

Przedstawiono techniczno-ekonomiczną analizę produkcji wodoru z biogazu przez parowy reforming biometanu. Kompleksowa analiza obejmuje bilans masowo-energetyczny instalacji, analizę finansową oraz ekologiczną. Poddano ocenie potencjał utylizacji odpadów (obornika) w kierunku przetworzenia na wodór poprzez reforming parowy biometanu. Wyniki przeprowadzonej analizy pokazują atrakcyjny sposób produkcji biowodoru z biogazu jako ekonomiczną technologię przetwarzania odpadów połączoną z ograniczeniem emisji zanieczyszczeń powodujących efekt cieplarniany.

EN

A numerical model of a pilot plant producing H₂ from biogas by steam reforming of biomethane was developed using Chemcad. The anal. covered the mass and energy balance of the installation, as well as financial and ecological estimation. The results of the anal. showed that the method of H₂ production is economical and reduces pollutant emissions.

17

Simulating the process of operation of vortex layer electromagnetic apparatus with ferromagnetic working elements

Yaropud Vitalii, Aliiev Elchyn, Mazur Ihor, Burlaka Serhii

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 9

64--71

EN

The article presents the results of the simulation of the work process of the electromagnetic apparatus of the vortex layer with ferromagnetic working elements on the example of the processing of liquid pig manure. As a result of analytical studies of the process of interaction of cylindrical ferromagnetic elements with a magnetic field in the working chamber of the vortex layer apparatus, the appropriate physical and mathematical apparatus was improved, which is the basis of numerical modeling in the STAR-CCM+ software package.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki symulacji procesu pracy aparatury elektromagnetycznej warstwy wirowej z ferromagnetycznymi elementami roboczymi na przykładzie procesu przetwarzania gnojowicy świńskiej. W wyniku badań analitycznych procesu oddziaływania cylindrycznych elementów ferromagnetycznych z polem magnetycznym w komorze roboczej aparatu warstwy wirowej ulepszono odpowiednią aparaturę fizyko-matematyczną, która jest podstawą modelowania numerycznego w programie STAR-CCM+ pakiet oprogramowania.

18

Modelling a solution of a homogeneous parabolic equation with random initial condition from Lp(Ω)

Kuchinka Katalin, Slyvka-Tylyshchak Ganna

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 5

77--82

EN

In this paper, a model of solutions to the heat equation with initial conditions from the Orlicz space Lp(Ω) of random variables is built. The constructed model approximates the solution of a homogeneous parabolic equation with given reliability and accuracy in some Orlicz space.

PL

W pracy zbudowano model rozwiązan równania ciepła z warunkami początkowymi z przestrzeni Orlicza Lp(Ω) zmiennych losowych. Skonstruowany model przybliza rozwiązanie jednorodnego równania parabolicznego z zadaną niezawodnoscią i dokładnoscią w pewnej przestrzeni Orlicza.

19

Deep learning application on object tracking

Taglout Ramdane, Saoud Bilal

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2023

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R. 99, nr 9

145--149

EN

The challenge of correctly identifying the target in the first frame of continuous sequences and tracking it in succeeding frames is frequently solved by visual tracking. The development of deep neural networks has aided in significant advancement over the past few decades. However, they are still considerable challenges in developing reliable trackers in challenging situations, essentially due to complicated backgrounds, partial or complete occlusion, illumination change, blur and similar objects. In this paper, we study correlation filter and deep learning-based approaches. We have compared the following trackers ECO, SaimRPN, ATOM, DiMP, TRASFUST and TREG. These trackers have been developed based on deep neural networks and are very recent. Performances of trackers have been evaluated on OTB-100, UAV123, VOT 2019, GOT-10k and LaSOT dataset. Results prove the effectiveness of deep neural networks to cope up with object tracking in videos.

PL

Wyzwanie polegające na prawidłowej identyfikacji celu w pierwszej klatce ciągłych sekwencji i śledzeniu go w kolejnych klatkach jest często rozwiązywane przez śledzenie wizualne. Rozwój głębokich sieci neuronowych przyczynił się do znacznego postępu w ciągu ostatnich kilku dekad. Jednak nadal stanowią one poważne wyzwanie w opracowywaniu niezawodnych trackerów w trudnych sytuacjach, głównie ze względu na skomplikowane tła, częściowe lub całkowite przesłonięcie, zmiany oświetlenia, rozmycie i podobne obiekty. W tym artykule badamy filtr korelacji i podejście oparte na głębokim uczeniu się. Porównaliśmy następujące trackery ECO, SaimRPN, ATOM, DiMP, TRASFUST i TREG. Te trackery zostały opracowane w oparciu o głębokie sieci neuronowe i są bardzo nowe. Wydajność trackerów została oceniona na zestawie danych OTB-100, UAV123, VOT 2019, GOT-10k i LaSOT. Wyniki dowodzą skuteczności głębokich sieci neuronowych w radzeniu sobie ze śledzeniem obiektów w filmach.

20

Application of Simulation Technique for Improving Plant Layout in Ceramic Factory

Kasemset Chompoonoot, Opassuwan Takron, Tangsittikhun Thanakit, Chaiyajina Nititada

Production Engineering Archives

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2023

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Vol. 29, Iss. 2

186-194

EN

This study aims to design and improve the plant layout of a ceramic factory by adopting Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) and the simulation technique. A ceramic company in northern Thailand is selected as a case study. Three ceramic products including roof tiles, wall tiles and dishware are studied due to their highest production volume. Through the SLP approach, information regarding the number of departments and machines, the area of the plant, the frequency of movement and the distance between each department is collected for the analysis of the relationship between departments. Two plant layout designs are then proposed; the first one is derived from the Computerized Relationship Layout Planning algorithm (CORELAP), and the second one is the process layout. For selecting the most appropriate layout design, five criteria are considered including total distance, the average total process time of each unit produced, ease of movement, material flow and safety. To determine the distance and the average total process time per unit, Distance-Based Scoring and simulation techniques are conducted while the ease of movement, material flow and safety are rated based on whether the company satisfies each criterion. Employing the weight scoring technique, the results report that the CORELAP layout is the most suitable for further implementation due to its highest weighted score equal to 2.536 while the process layout receives 2.386. Implementing the CORELAP layout can reduce the total distance by 16.76% while the average total process time per unit of the CORELAP layout is not significantly different at the significance level of 0.05 as compared to the existing layout.