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PL
W tym artykule autorzy szacują i analizują wartości strat w rdzeniu stojana, występujące w silniku indukcyjnym małej mocy. Analizę przeprowadzono przy użyciu metody elementów skończonych (MES), w warunkach sinusoidalnego zasilania. Obliczenia całkowitych strat w rdzeniu zostały przeprowadzone przez sumowanie składników strat pochodzących od składowych indukcji występujących w elementarnych obszarach rdzenia stojana. Przyjęto, że zjawiska, w postaci strat w rdzeniu, pochodzące od tych składowych są niezależne. Straty histerezy obrotowej obliczono, stosując współczynnik korygujący, uzyskany na podstawie zebranych danych doświadczalnych. Stosowany model uwzględnia występowanie uszkodzonych fragmentów ferromagnetyka, będących wynikiem wykrawania.
EN
In this paper the iron losses in low power induction motor are estimated and analysed using time-stepping Finite Element Method (FEM) under sinusoidal supply. The iron losses calculation has been carried out by add up the iron losses produced by orthogonal components of the flux density, as if the iron losses produced by these components were independent phenomena. The rotational hysteresis loss has been calculated applying a correction factor based on experimental data. Applied model takes into account the presence of damaged zones of the ferromagnetic, as a result of punching.
EN
In designing the high-speed low-power induction motors should be pursued to obtain operating characteristics similar to characteristics of general purpose motors and the greatest efficiency at rated load. One way to increase the efficiency of induction motors, particularly those working at higher frequencies, is applied to the motor core electrical sheets with improved magnetic properties and less core losses, including amorphous iron. The paper presents a comparison of measured operating characteristics of several low-power induction motors, a core made from three types of electrical steel, working with supply from the inverter voltage with a frequency varying in a wide range (from 0 to 200 Hz), and grid-supplied frequency 50 Hz and 100 Hz. In the case of grid-supplied motors paper presents the results of calculations made using the available methods from the literature, with particular emphasis on determining the additional losses in both the no-load and at rated load. The calculations used, experimentally determined for the tested motors, the mechanical loss characteristics, and also measured the magnetization characteristics for electrical sheets and sheet specific losses as a function of magnetic flux density for a wide range of frequencies.
EN
The paper presents the calculation of the basic and additional core loss of the small size induction motor supplied from the power network for 50 Hz, and by a voltage-frequency converter for the frequency changing from 0 to 250 Hz. The calculations were made by use the field - circuit method, as well as by use known from the literature circuit methods. The calculation results were verified by measurement. Calculations were performed using the measured characteristics of the specific core losses of the electrical sheets as a function of the flux density and frequency.
EN
The paper presents initial results of laboratory investigations. These results emphasize the intensification of the phenomena connected with bearing currents flow at different rotor cage damages. In the section 2 is presented the influence of rotor cage damages on the shaft voltage value. The subject of these studies was a low power induction motor (fig. 2), taking into consideration easiness and low costs of necessary modernization of it. On the figure 3 is presented the diagram of the shaft voltage and current measurement system. The measurements results are presented on the figures 5, 6. Conclusions drawn from laboratory researches are presented in chapter 3.
EN
Nowadays the high-speed induction motors are widely used in many industrial installations and also in aircraft industry. Many of them are designed as converter-fed induction machines. Some electrical drives with not so sophisticated speed control have voltage shape with many higher harmonics. Examine the operation of high speed induction motors feed from PWM converters, with wide range of frequency, it is necessity for carefully considering of no-load losses of the motor. Results of formulas used in computer aided design for calculation of mechanical losses and core losses have shown good agreement with experimental data for motor feed from sinusoidal 50 Hz source but they have been not valid for higher frequencies. The main aim of the paper will be analysis of the no-load losses and no-load current for some small power induction motors feed with voltage of frequency from 50 to 250 Hz with different U-f ratio. For this problem circuit and field-circuit methods will be use and the results will be validating and computation methods will be improving basing on experimental results.
EN
Results of test of a small power induction motor working in liquid nitrogen are presented in the paper. The motor was designed in such manner to enable flow of the liquid nitrogen inside it. Bearings and design of its rotor were changed to minimize additional mechanical loss. Tests were carried on at feeding the motor from network with sinusoidal voltage and by frequency converter. Results of the motor tests in ambient temperature are presented for comparison reasons. Research was provided due to increasing requirement for equipment for transfer, storage and distribution of liquid gases, which require motors working more often in submerged conditions. Results of the presented research enable assessment of possibilities of applications of typical small power motors to be working as submerged in liquid gases, being dielectrics, as liquid nitrogen at temperature - 196°C and liquid natural gas at temperature - 161°C.
EN
Higher requirements concerning economical aspect of the production of induction motors encourage designers to look for new variants of motor construction. The small induction motors with stator core shape with cut of parts making stator yoke width not constant is an example of an atypical motor construction. The subject of this paper is a field-circuit and circuit analysis of this type of motor construction. The aim of this analysis is to determine the influence of the saturation of the magnetic circuit on motor parameters. It is shown that the cuts of the stator core have significant influence at standstill and less significant at load characteristics of induction motors. Comparisons with measurements are given. From comparisons between the results of the analysis and experiments, it is clarified that the use of presented circuit and field-circuit methods can estimate characteristics of induction motors with enough accuracy even for motors with specific construction like not round stator core.
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