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PL
W szeregu publikacjach prezentowane są przykłady licznych awarii silników indukcyjnych dużej mocy. Analizując przyczyny awarii silników, można wymienić szereg nietypowych przyczyn, których początkiem są przede wszystkim uszkodzenia o charakterze mechanicznym i zmęczeniowym. Niejednokrotnie skutki takich uszkodzeń prowadzą do poważnych awarii o charakterze katastrofalnym. Celem opisanej ekspertyzy było wyjaśnienie przyczyn wystąpienia awarii silnika o mocy PN=630 kW i napięciu zasilania – UN=6000 V, który stanowił napęd sprężarki agregatu chłodniczego. Awaria silnika miała miejsce w podziemiach kopalni węgla kamiennego. W przypadku opisanej awarii silnika mamy do czynienia z przypadkiem szczególnym zaliczanym do tzw. awarii nietypowych. Choć taka kwalifikacja zdarzeń jest nieformalna to określa ona bardzo rzadkie przypadki ich występowania.
EN
In the following series of publications, examples of failures of high-power squirrel cage motors are presented. While analysing failure cases of motors, it is possible to list out number of unusual causes, the beginning of which are primarily mechanical and fatigue damage. Often the effects of such damage leads to serious catastrophic failures. The purpose of the expertise was to explain the cause of failure of motor with power of PN = 610 kW and supply voltage of UN = 6000 V, which was powering refrigeration unit. The failure occurred in underground mine of bituminous coal. In the described case, we are dealing with special case of socalled atypical failures. Although such a qualification is informal, it defines very rare cases of their occurence.
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EN
In the paper, analysis of damage reasons and effects after failure of high-power induction motors that operate at company's facilities drives of industrial power generation plant and heat and power generating plants. The first part of the paper includes analysis and effects of typical damages of stator winding within the area: core of stator, on butts of stator winding as well as in area of noses of coils. In the further part, the reasons and effects of typical damages of squirrel-cage winding of rotor as well as examples are presented: damage of fans, rolling bearings and broken tips of motor shafts and their influence to motor damages shall be indicated.
EN
The paper presents the influence of the air gap asymmetry on the values of shaft voltages and currents. The investigations were performed with use of high power induction motor dSKgw 315 L-4 of 300 kW rated power and 1000 V rated voltage. In the section 1 are presented sorts of threats caused by bearing currents. Sorts of eccentricity of electrical machines are presented in section 2. In the section 3 the laboratory measurement system is described and applied measurement methods are presented as well. The results of laboratory investigations are presented in section 4. Conclusions drawn from investigations are placed in section 5.
EN
The paper presents results of researches aimed at bearing faults detection in the high power induction motors. In chapter 2 are presented the causes of shaft voltages and bearing currents forming. The figure 1 shows the graphical presentation of the bearing currents forming issue. In the chapter 3, on the figures from 2 to 10 are shown different kinds of bearing damages arising in considered motors. In the chapter 4 is presented description of laboratory stand. The figure 12 presents diagram of measuring system. In the chapter 5 is presented influence of supply voltage unbalance on the value of shaft voltages. In the chapter 6 waveforms of shaft voltages, and their Fourier transforms are shown in Fig. 16, 17. Conclusions drawn from laboratory researches are presented in chapter 8.
EN
The paper presents results of scientific reasearches of large power induction motors. In chapter 2 are presented the causes of bearing currents forming supplied from line voltage. The figure 2 are presented influence rotational speed on the bearings resistance. The figure 3 are presented bearing current density versus life curve. The figure 5 are presented equivalent measurement system. In the chapter 4.2 are presented laboratory results. Figures 8 and 9 show characteristics determining influence of avarage bearing temeperature, shaft voltage and rotational speed on bearing current. Conclusions drawn from laboratory researches are presented in chapter 5.
EN
The paper presents results of researches aimed at bearing faults detection in the high power induction motors. In the chapter 2 is presented description of laboratory stand. In the chapter 3, on the figures from 2 to 9 are shown different kinds of bearing damages arising in considered motors. In the chapter 4 is presented influence of supply voltage unbalance on the value of shaft currents and voltages. The figure 10 presents diagram of measuring system. On the figures 12, 13 and 14 are presented waveforms of shaft voltages and currents as well as their Fourier transforms. In the chapter 5 is presented influence of number of motor start-ups on the value of bearing current. On the figure 17 are presented waveforms of shaft voltages and currents. Conclusions drawn from laboratory researches are presented in chapter 6.
PL
W artykule podano przykłady i analizę uszkodzeń uzwojeń klatkowych wirników silników indukcyjnych dużej mocy. Przedstawiono czynniki elektromechaniczne i termiczne wpływające na naprężenia i odkształcenia uzwojeń klatkowych. Podano wyniki symulacji komputerowych wybranych uszkodzeń uzwojeń klatkowych wirników. Zaprezentowano przykłady uszkodzeń klatek wirników oraz ich wpływ na skutki awarii silników. W podsumowaniu podano główne przyczyny uszkodzeń uzwojeń klatkowych wirników.
EN
Examples and analysis of failures' of high power induction motor squirrel-cages are presented in the paper. The influence of electromechanical and thermal factors on stresses and deformations of squirrel-cages is analyzed. The results of computer simulation of the chosen failures of squirrel-cages'are presented. The influence of the exempalary failure of squirrel-cages on the results of failures is aiscuissed. The main for failures of squirrel-cages are given in the paper as arell.
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