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1

Comparative analysis of the heat balance results of the selected Tier III-compliant gas-fuelled two-stroke main engines

Korlak Kamil

Combustion Engines

|

2023

|

R. 62, nr 2

24--28

EN

Two-stroke engines are distinguished by the highest overall efficiency among all main engines. This is not only due to the low speed, and large piston stroke, but also to the high combustion temperature, which results in an increase in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission. Technical solutions applied to bring main engines into compliance with current NOx emission standards set by the Tier III limits include the use of SCR and EGR systems, the implementation of the Otto cycle, and the application of liquified natural gas (LNG) as the low-emission fuel. Impact of the available Tier III-compliant technologies on the heat balance results is analysed using the example of the currently most popular dual-fuel main engines, i.e. WinGD X92DF and MAN G95ME-C10.5-GI. The possibilities of waste heat recovery in the electricity generation process and thereby improving the ship energy efficiency are discussed.

2

Simulation Research of the Influence of Compression Ratio on the Performance of an Aircraft Piston Diesel Engine

Grabowski Łukasz, Karpiński Paweł, Magryta Paweł

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

|

2020

|

Vol. 14, no 3

175--181

EN

In recent years, the opposed-piston engines have become increasingly popular in the automotive and aerospace industries. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct the research on this type of drive. The paper presents the simulation research of a two-stroke opposed-piston diesel engine designed for propulsion of light aircrafts. The influence of the change of the compression ratio on the selected engine performance was investigated (indicated mean effective pressure, peak firing temperature and pressure, specific fuel consumption, power consumed by the compressor). The AVL BOOST software was used to perform the simulation tests. A zero-dimensional engine model equipped with a mechanical compressor was developed. On the basis of the created model, a series of calculations was performed for the assumed values of the compression ratio for four engine operating points: take-off power, maximum continuous power and cruising power at two different altitudes. The obtained results were subjected to a comparative analysis and the most important conclusions connected with the influence of the change in the compression ratio on the achieved performance were presented.

3

Modelling of Dynamic Interactions in the Fuel Rail for the Aircraft Diesel Engine

Sochaczewski Rafał, Magryta Paweł

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

|

2020

|

Vol. 14, no 4

168--176

EN

The paper reports a computer model for simulating dynamic responses in fuel rail of aircraft diesel engine. The fuel system was designed for use in a two-stroke compression-ignition engine with opposite pistons. The methodology of building a fuel system model in the AVL Hydsim program and the results of simulation studies were presented. Determination of dynamic phenomena in the fuel rail required the construction of a model of the entire supply system. It is a common rail system with a three-section positive displacement pump and electromagnetic fuel injectors. The system is also equipped with a PID regulator to maintain the present pressure in the fuel rail. For the purposes of the research, two structures of the fuel rail were developed. They differ in dimensions, spacing of the outlet ports and location of the high-pressure connection. The research allowed determining the interactions between the geometry of the fuel rail and the supply method with the fuel pressure and injector mass flow rate. This will optimise the design of the fuel rail for the three-cylinder engine power supply system.

4

Turbocharging the aircraft two-stroke diesel engine

Karpiński Paweł, Pietrykowski Konrad, Grabowski Łukasz

Combustion Engines

|

2019

|

R. 58, nr 3

112--116

EN

The power and efficiency of a two-stroke engine strongly depends on the efficiency of the scavenging process which consists in removing the rest of the exhaust gases from the cylinder and filling it with a fresh charge. The quality of the charge exchange process is significantly influenced by the construction of the intake system. The paper presents a zero-dimensional model of the aircraft two-stroke opposed-piston diesel engine with two variants of the intake system: with a mechanical compressor and a turbocharger connected in series with a mechanical compressor. Simulation studies of the developed cases were carried out in the AVL BOOST software. For the defined engine operating points, its performance was compared for different designs of the intake system. It was confirmed that the use of a turbocharger with a mechanical compressor extends the range of operating at high altitudes.

5

Experimental research of two stroke aircraft diesel engine

Grabowski Łukasz, Karpiński Paweł, Barański Grzegorz

Combustion Engines

|

2019

|

R. 58, nr 4

75--79

EN

This paper presents the results of experimental studies of the opposed-piston diesel engine. This engine was designed during one of the stages of the research on a new-type drive unit for gyrocopter applications. In order to conduct research, a special test stand as well as control and measurement systems were developed. As part of the work on the engine, the fuel injection system, engine temperature control system and measurement systems were designed. In addition, a computer program has been developed for the fuel injection system control (injectors, valves fuel pressure regulators). The paper presents the results of the preliminary tests for a single value of engine speed (1500 rpm) and three values of load defined by torque. The measured value of the indicated pressure made it possible to calculate the maximum pressure. The results obtained from the bench tests were analyzed.

6

The influence of the injection timing on the performance of two-stroke opposed-piston diesel engine

Karpiński Paweł

Applied Computer Science

|

2018

|

Vol. 14, no 2

69--81

EN

The performance of the engine strongly depends on the parameters of the combustion process. In compression ignition engines, the fuel injection timing has a significant influence on this process. The moment of its occurrence and its duration should be chosen so that the maximum pressure value occurs several degrees after TDC. In order to analyze the effect of the fuel injection timing on the performance of the tested two-stroke opposed-piston diesel engine, a zero-dimensional model was developed in the AVL BOOST program. Next, a series of simulations were performed based on the defined calculation points for maximum continuous power, which resulted in power, specific fuel consumption and mean in-cylinder pressure. Finally, the engine map was made as a function of the start of combustion angle.

7

Znaczenie liczb podobieństwa w badaniach modelowych procesów termodynamicznych silników cieplnych

Litke B.

Problemy Nauk Stosowanych

|

2017

|

T. 7

107--114

PL

Wstęp i cele: Badania modelowe wymagają spełnienia warunku równości odpowiednich liczb podobieństwa. W większości przypadków równoczesne spełnienie warunku równości wszystkich liczb podobieństwa opisujących dane zjawisko nie jest możliwe. Nie wszystkie kryteria mają jednakowe znaczenie w badanym zagadnieniu. Na podstawie analizy i eksperymentów można ustalić które z nich spełniają dominującą rolę. Niestety, tylko dzięki rezygnacji z mało ważnych liczb podobieństwa, jest możliwe zrealizowanie badań. W pracy zaprezentowano przykłady badań silników zrealizowanych przy ograniczonym podobieństwie modelowym. Materiał i metody: Materiał oparto na wykonanych badaniach modelowych. W pracy zastosowano metodę analityczno-doświadczalną. Wyniki: Ustalono współczynniki wymiany ładunku w funkcji ciśnienia przepłukania z zastosowaniem dwóch zestawów cieczy metanol/trójchloroetylen oraz metanol/roztwór wodny. Wniosek: Przedstawione wyniki badań potwierdzają możliwość uzyskania dostatecznie dokładnych informacji dotyczących procesu wymiany ładunku przy niecałkowicie spełnionych warunkach podobieństwa modelowego.

EN

Introduction and aim: Model studies require the fulfilment of the condition of equality of corresponding numbers of similarity. In most cases, simultaneous fulfilment of the condition of equality of all similarities describing a given phenomenon is not possible. Not all criteria are equally relevant in the study. Based on the analysis and experiments one can determine which of them are dominant. Unfortunately, only thanks to the resignation of the little important numbers of similarity, it is possible to carry out research. The paper presents examples of research of engines realized with limited model similarity. Material and methods: The material was based on model studies. An analytical-experimental method has been used in the paper. Results: The load exchange coefficients were calculated as a flushing pressure using two sets of methanol-trichlorethylene liquid and methanol-water solution. Conclusion: The presented results confirm the possibility of obtaining sufficiently detailed information on the process of cargo exchange under incomplete conditions of model similarity.

8

The swirl ratio influence on combustion process and heat transfer in the opposed piston compression-ignition engine

Tulwin T., Wendeker M., Czyż Z.

Combustion Engines

|

2017

|

R. 56, nr 3

3--7

EN

In order to maximise engine heat efficiency an engines charge flow must be properly designed -especially its swirl and tumble ratio. A two-stroke compression-ignition opposed piston engine reacts to engine swirl differently compared to a standard automotive engine with axially symmetric combustion chamber. In order to facilitate direct fuel injection, high-pressure injectors must be positioned from the side of combustion chamber. Depending on the combustion chamber geometry the swirling gases impact greatly how the injection stream is formed. If the deformation is too high the high temperature combustion gases can hit the piston surface or get into gaps between the pistons. This greatly affects the heat lost to the pistons and raises their local temperature. More atomised injection stream is more prone to swirling gas flow due to its reduced droplet size and momentum. The paper presents simulation results and analyses for different intake process induced swirl ratios and different types of combustion chambers in an experimental aviation opposed piston engine.

9

Modeling a fuel injector for a two-stroke diesel engine

Sochaczewski R., Czyż Z., Siadkowska K.

Combustion Engines

|

2017

|

R. 56, nr 3

147--153

EN

This paper discusses the modeling of a fuel injector to be applied in a two-stroke diesel engine. A one-dimensional model of a diesel injector was modeled in the AVL Hydsim. The research assumption is that the combustion chamber will be supplied with one or two spray injectors with a defined number of nozzle holes. The diameter of the nozzle holes was calculated for the defined options to provide a correct fuel amount for idling and the maximum load. There was examined the fuel mass per injection and efficient flow area. The studies enabled us to optimize the injector nozzle, given the option of fuel injection into the combustion chamber to be followed.

10

The influence of the ignition system characteristic on the two-stroke engine operating conditions

Fiedkiewicz Ł., Cieślik W., Pielecha I.

Journal of Mechanical and Transport Engineering

|

2016

|

Vol. 68, No. 4

5--15

EN

This paper presents an indicator analysis of the impact of the characteristics of an electronic ignition system on the operating conditions of a two-stroke spark ignition engine. The tests were carried out on a single-cylinder two-stroke engine equipped with a combustion pressure sensor using the apparatus for recording fast-varying signals. The influence of changes of the ignition angle of advance at constant engine speeds on the engine operating indicators was analysed. The assessment of the impact of the changes to the settings of the ignition system was analysed in terms of thermodynamic conditions: combustion pressure and average effective pressure. It was found that the ignition angle of advance has positive influence on engine operating conditions and uniformity of engine operation. As a measure of non-uniformity of engine operation were accepted the coefficient of variation of the engine speed and the mean indicated pressure. It was indicated that, along with the ignition angle of advance, the indicators of two-stroke engine operation also increase with simulta-neous increase in the non-uniformity of engine operation.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono analizę indykatorową wpływu charakterystyki elektronicznego układu zapłonowego na warunki pracy silnika dwusuwowego o zapłonie iskrowym. Badania prowadzono na jednocylindrowym silniku dwusuwowym wyposażonym w czujnik ciśnienia spalania z wykorzystaniem aparatury do rejestracji sygnałów szybkozmiennych. Analizie poddano wpływ zmiany kąta wyprzedzenia zapłonu przy ustalonych prędkościach obrotowych silnika na wskaźniki jego pracy. Ocenę wpływu zmian nastaw układu zapłonowego analizowano w aspekcie warunków termodynamicznych: ciśnienia spalania oraz średniego ciśnienia użytecznego. Stwierdzono pozytywny wpływ wyprzedzenia zapłonu na warunki pracy silnika oraz na jego równomierność pracy. Jako miarę nierównomierności jego pracy przyjęto współczynnik zmienności prędkości obrotowej i średniego ciśnienia indykowanego. Wykazano, że wraz z wyprzedzeniem zapłonu zwiększają się wskaźniki pracy silnika dwusuwowego z jednoczesnym zwiększeniem nierównomierności jego pracy.

11

Thermodynamic simulation comparison of opposed two-stroke and conventional four-stroke engines

Shokrollahihassanbarough F., Alqahtani A., Wyszynski M. L.

Combustion Engines

|

2015

|

R. 54, nr 3

78--84

EN

Today’s technology leveraging allows OP2S (Opposed Piston 2-Stroke) engine to be considered as an alternative for the conventional four-stroke (4S) engines as mechanical drive in various applications, mainly in transportation. In general, OP2S engines are suited to compete with conventional 4-stroke engines where power-to-weight ratio, power-to-bulk volume ratio and fuel efficiency are requirements. This paper does present a brief advent, as well as the renaissance of OP2S engines and the novel technologies which have been used in the new approach. Also precise thermodynamic benefits have been considered, to demonstrate the fundamental efficiency advantage of OP2S engines. Hence, simulations of two different engine configurations have been taken into consideration: a one-cylinder opposed piston engine and two-cylinder conventional piston four-stroke engine. In pursuance of fulfilling this goal, the engines have been simulated in AVL Boost™ platform which is one of the most accurate Virtual Engine Tools, to predict engine performance such as combustion optimization, emission and fuel consumption. To minimize the potential differences of friction losses, the bore and stroke per cylinder are taken as constant. The closed-cycle performance of the engine configurations is compared using a custom analysis tool that allows the sources of thermal efficiency differences to be identified and quantified. As a result, brake thermal efficiency, power and torque of OP2S engine have been improved compared to conventional engines while emission concern has been alleviated.

12

Alternatywne dodatki smarnościowe do paliw silnikowych

Szczypiński-Sala W.

Logistyka

|

2014

|

nr 6

10313--10318

PL

W artykule omówiony zostały wyniki przeprowadzonych pomiarów podstawowych własności mieszanek wykorzystywanych do zasilania silników dwusuwowych. Kompozycyjne składniki do paliwa ze źródeł odnawialnych są obecnie wprowadzane na coraz szerszą skalę. Zastosowanie składników wytwarzanych z surowców roślinnych, pozwala na obniżenie emisji dwutlenku węgla do atmosfery w całym cyklu wytwarzania i spalania paliw silnikowych. Ocenie poddano mieszanki benzyny z olejem rzepakowym oraz konwencjonalnymi olejami mineralnymi. Badania własności smarnych przeprowadzono na aparacie czterokulowym, oceniając dla poszczególnych mieszanek paliw intensywność zużywania elementów testowych w odniesieniu do nacisku właściwego oraz obciążenia zacierające.

EN

Paper presents selected properties of the tested fuel mixtures, which could be used for two stroke engine fueling. Nowadays raw materials from renewable sources are widely used as an alternative, effective additive of gasoline and lubricating oils. Vegetable oils as an ingredient of engine fuel mixture do not released into the atmosphere additional carbon dioxide. This article discusses prospect of rape oil as a fossil oil substitute. Comparison rape oil and mineral oil mixture with gasoline was conducted. Lubricity tests were performed on a four-ball stand. The wear intensity of test elements in relation to the specific pressure and seizing load for individual mixtures was examined.

13

Conditions of usage analisys of the two-stroke, slow-running, high power rating, main engines and the causes and effects of the triboilogical systems damage

Łosiewicz Z.

Journal of Polish CIMAC

|

2014

|

Vol. 9, no 3

43--58

EN

This work justifies the need for further research, both laboratory and real-time usage, on improving currently operating diagnostic systems adapted to monitor ship's two-stroke, slow-running high power rating main engines in order to prevent the damage of the main tribological systems of the engines, at least these mentioned in the paper. The randomness of the variability of the load of the engines is highlighted. It is pointed that the load should be taken under consideration during the period of usage of the engines as random processes, but the optional period of time of usage as random variables. The models of these processes which are necessary to the research are offered to be elaborated with the use of Semi-Markov model theory. The rationality of the proposition is pointed out with two hypotheses. The first explains the relation between the mechanical load QM(t) and the thermal load QC(t) of the engines. The second - the existence of the stochastic linear relation between the load QM(t) and QC(t) of the engines and the wear Z(t) of their main tribological systems in such relation, that the value of the coralation coefficient rqz=1. In order to simplify the actions made to improve the currently used diagnostic systems of the engines mentioned; the most relevant description according to the author of chosen tribological system damage is given. The conditions of usage which favor the described damage are also characterized.

14

Analiza emisji cząstek stałych i zużycia paliwa silnika dwusuwowego wyposażonego w zmodyfikowany tłok w warunkach nieustalonych

Rymaniak Ł., Bajerlein M., Ziółkowski A., Dobrzyński M.

Combustion Engines

|

2013

|

R. 52, nr 3

716--721

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań emisji cząstek stałych PM dwóch skuterów miejskich napędzanych silnikami dwusuwowymi. Jeden z pojazdów wyposażony był w tłok specjalnej konstrukcji, pozwalający na stosowanie mieszanek o mniejszej zawartości oleju smarującego do benzyny niż zaleca producent. Przedstawione badania zrealizowano w celu oceny wpływu oleju smarującego na zawartość PM w gazach wylotowych oraz ich rozkładu wymiarowego. Pomiary wykonano podczas rozpędzania motorowerów na hamowni podwoziowej, co umożliwiło symulację nieustalonych stanów pracy spalinowej jednostki napędowej. Dodatkowo przedstawiono zarejestrowane wartości zużycia paliwa oraz charakterystyki uzyskanych mocy przez pojazdy w czasie badań. W pracach wykorzystano mobilny analizator MSS firmy AVL oraz analizator EEPS firmy TSI.

EN

The paper presents the results of PM emission tests of two mopeds with two-stroke engines. One of the mopeds had a modified piston so as to the engine could run on petrol consisting less lubricant oil than the moped producer recommends. The aim of the tests presented in the paper was to assess the influence of lubricant oil on the PM contents in the exhaust as well as on their density distribution. The tests were carried out in transient conditions at the dynamometer. Furthermore, the paper presents fuel consumption during tests together with the characteristics of power performed by the mopeds. All tests were conducted with the use of MSS analyzer by AVL and EEPS analyzer by TSI.

15

Wpływ bezpośredniego wtrysku paliwa na emisję spalin w dwusuwowym silniku spalinowym ZI

Mitianiec W.

Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Pojazdów / Politechnika Warszawska

|

2012

|

z. 1/87

49--58

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań doświadczalne emisji wybranych składników spalin uzyskane na eksperymentalnym silniku dwusuwowym ZI z bezpośrednim wtryskiem benzyny. Uzyskano ponad 10-krotne zmniejszenie udziału objętościowego węglowodorów oraz znaczne zmniejszenie udziału objętościowego tlenku węgla w spalinach w porównaniu do standardowego silnika gaźnikowego. W pracy przedstawiono charakterystyki obciążeniowe emisji węglowodorów, tlenku węgla, tlenków azotu oraz jednostkowego zużycia paliwa oraz charakterystyki prędkościowe tych emisji dla silnika gaźnikowego i badawczego Zastosowanie bezpośredniego wtrysku paliwa pozwoliło również na zmniejszenie jednostkowego zużycia paliwa o ponad 30 procent.

EN

The paper presents experimental results of exhaust gas emission of chosen components obtained on modified SI two-stroke engine with direct gasoline injection. The experimental research indicated above 10-times decreasing of volumetric ratio of hydrocarbons and a considerable decrease of carbon monoxide emission in comparison to the standard carburetted engine. The work presents load characteristics of emission of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and specific fuel consumption and speed characteristics those emissions for the carburetted engine and experimental engine. Application of direct fuel injection enables also decreasing of specific fuel consumption above 30 percent.

16

Analiza parametrów pracy silnika spalinowego skutera na podstawie badań symulacyjnych zrealizowanych na hamowni podwoziowej

Merkisz J., Bajerlein M., Rymaniak Ł.

Postępy Nauki i Techniki

|

2012

|

Nr 14

31-41

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań emisyjnych motoroweru wyposażonego w silnik dwusuwowy. Badania realizowane były na hamowni podwoziowej według specjalnie przygotowanego testu, który miał na celu odzwierciedlenie warunków rzeczywistej eksploatacji pojazdu. Skuter zasilany był paliwami o różnej zawartości mieszanki oleju do benzyny. Spośród składników szkodliwych spalin analizie poddane zostały następujące związki: NOx, CO, HC oraz CO2. W pierwszym etapie badań wykonywano pomiary na standardowej mieszance benzyny i oleju. Kolejne cykle pomiarowe przeprowadzono dla uboższych mieszanek. W badaniach wykorzystany został mobilny analizator spalin należący do grupy PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement Systems). Urządzenie realizowało pomiar stężeń związków szkodliwych z jednoczesnym uwzględnieniem masowego natężenia przepływu spalin.

EN

The article presents the results of emission moped equipped with two-stroke engine. Tests were performed on a chassis dynamometer according to a specially prepared test, which was designed to reflect the on-road conditions of the vehicle. Scooter was powered by fuel with different mixing ratio of oil to gasoline. Among the harmful components of exhaust gas analysis were subjected to the following compounds: NOx, CO, HC and CO2. In the first stage of the study measurements were performed on a standard mix of gasoline and oil. Subsequent measurement cycles were performed for poor mixtures. The study was used portable gas analyzer - PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement Systems). The unit carries out measurements of harmful compounds while taking into account the mass flow of exhaust.

17

Simulation and experimental test of spray guided direct fuel injection in a two-stroke engine

Mitaniec W., Forma M.

Silniki Spalinowe

|

2009

|

R. 48, SC2

105--112

EN

The paper shows interaction between the scavenge air and fuel jet from the injector located in the cylinder head, which can induce the small size of fuel droplets and fast evaporation. The paper presents the computational results of fuel mixture formation and combustion process in direct fuel injection two-stroke engine with capacity 115 cm3. The simulation was carried out by use KIVA code with assumption of initial parameters from the experiment of the carbureted engine. The paper shows phases of mixture formation, combustion and concentration of the combustion product in the cylinder The experimental test carried out on the same engine equipped with electronic control direct fuel injection system shows the preliminary results of engine parameters and emission of pollutants.

PL

Artykuł pokazuje interakcję między strumieniem powietrza przepłukujacego i strumieniem paliwa z wtryskiwacza ulokowanego w głowicy cylindra, który może powodowac małe krople paliwa i ich szybkie odparowanie. Publikacja przedstawia wyniki obliczeń formowania mieszanki paliwowo-powietrznej i proces spalania w silniku dwusuwowym o pojemności skokowej 115 cm3 z bezpośrednim wtryskiem paliwa. Symulacje zostały przeprowadzone w programie KIVA przy załozeniu parametrów początkowych z badań silnika gaźnikowego. W pracy pokazano fazy formowania mieszanki, proces spalania oraz udział masowy produktów spalania w cylindrze. Artykuł ukazuje również wstępne parametry robocze silnika wyposażonego w elektroniczny system bezpośredniego wtrysku paliwa na podstawie badań eksperymentalnych.

18

Powstanie i rozwój dwusuwowych silników spalinowych w Wytwórni Sprzętu Mechanicznego w Bielsku-Białej

Iskra R. F.

Silniki Spalinowe

|

2009

|

R. 48, nr 2

142-149

PL

W artykule przedstawiono historię powojennego rozwoju zakładu w Bielsku-Białej, produkującego dwusuwowe silniki spalinowe. Opisano złożone i zmienne zależności organizacyjne w przemyśle samochodowym. Na tle rozwoju konstrukcji silników o różnym przeznaczeniu, szczegółowo przedstawiono przebieg zmian w procesach technologicznych związanych z ich produkcją. Tradycje w zakresie produkcji silników spalinowych w tej części Polski były kontynuowane przez FSM i FAP, a obecnie przez nowoczesne zakłady produkcyjne Fiat-GM Powertrain Polska i Fiat Powertrain Technologies Polska.

19

A new approach in development of two-stroke engines

Mitaniec W., Buczek K.

Silniki Spalinowe

|

2009

|

R. 48, SC2

99--104

EN

The paper describes the work of high speed charged spark ignition overhead poppet valve twostroke engine, which enables to achieve higher total efficiency and exhaust gas emission comparable to four stroke engines. The outflow of exhaust gases in this type of engine is partially forced by pressure of inlet air. This publication presents the engine, which has to be equipped with direct fuel injection system enabling lower emission of pollutants. The work is based on theoretical consideration and engine parameters are determined on the simulation process by use of GT-Power program for different engine configurations. The obtained results included in the paper show influence of valve timing on engine work parameters such as BMEP and BSFC. The conclusion points out the possibility of applying two-stroke poppet valve engine as a power unit for transportation means with higher total efficiency as traditional engines.

PL

Artykuł zawiera opis pracy szybkoobrotowego dwusuwowego silnika o zapłonie iskrowym wyposażonego w zawory grzybkowe umieszczone w głowicy, umożliwiającego uzyskanie wysokiej sprawności ogólnej silnika oraz emisji gazów wylotowych porównywalnej z silnikiem czterosuwowym. Wypływ gazów spalinowych tego typu silnika spowodowany jest częściowo przez ciśnienie gazów w układzie dolotowym. Zaprezentowany silnik, ze względu na obniżenie emisji toksycznych gazów, musi być wyposażony we wtrysk bezpośredni. Praca została oparta na rozważaniach teoretycznych, gdzie parametry pracy silnika zostały wyznaczone w programie GT-Power dla różnych konfiguracji silnika. Otrzymane wyniki zawarte w pracy pokazują wpływ czasów otwarcia zaworów na takie wielkości jak średnie ciśnienie efektywne czy jednostkowe zużycie paliwa. Uzyskane wnioski wskazują na możliwość zastosowania tego typu dwusuwowego silnika jako jednostki napędowej środków transportu o wyższej sprawności ogólnej silnika.

20

Numerical optimization of the externally heated valve air engine with blowers

Kazimierski Z., Wojewoda J.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Cieplne Maszyny Przepływowe - Turbomachinery / Politechnika Łódzka

|

2008

|

nr 133

157--164

EN

This paper presents the numerical optimization of the two-stroke externally heated valve air engine (EHVE), where any fuel or solar heat can be used. The engine is entirely different from the well-known Stirling engine. It works in the closed Joule’s cycle and is composed of: an expander, a compressor, a heater, a cooler and two recirculation blowers, which increase the heat exchange. Air is the working medium. Heat exchangers (the heater and the cooler) are of arbitrary volumes. The optimization is, first of all, related to the ratio of compressor to expander volumes, which are investigated when the blowers are present in the considered model. Other optimization parameters are defined in the paper.