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Pomiary tachimetryczne metodą stanowiska swobodnego w ocenie przemieszczeń konstrukcji mostowej

Karsznia Krzysztof, Wręga Paweł

Mosty

2019

nr 1

28--32

W artykule autorzy przedstawili sposób wykorzystania pomiaru tachimetrycznego metodą wcięć swobodnych w okresowym badaniu stanu geometrii konstrukcji mostu. W tym celu zrealizowany został sezonowy pomiar kontrolny fragmentu konstrukcji Mostu Gdańskiego w Warszawie. Uzyskane wyniki potwierdziły zasadność wykorzystania tachimetrii do oceny przemieszczeń geometrycznych konstrukcji mostowej. Na podstawie przeprowadzonego testu autorzy wskazują zastosowaną metodę jako precyzyjną, efektywną oraz niedrogą, przez co może ona służyć jako probierz stanu konstrukcji ocenianego mostu.

In the paper, the authors have presented a method of using total-station surveying with its free-station method in the examination of bridge structure geometry. In order to do that, seasonal control measurement of a part of the Gdański Bridge structure in Warsaw was carried out. The obtained results confirmed the legitimacy of using tacheometry to assess the geometrical displacements of bridge structures. Based on the performed test, the authors indicate the used method as precise, effective and inexpensive, which means that it can be used as a measure of the construction condition of assessed bridges. Thanks to the advantages of the presented approach, free-stationing can be used for more frequent assessment of the condition of bridges and thus ensure their safe operation.

Geodetic monitoring of earth-filled flood embankment subjected to variable loads

Kuras P., Ortyl Ł., Owerko T., Borecka A.

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

2018

Vol. 106

9--18

The article presents an example of supplementing geotechnical monitoring with geodetic observations. The experimental flood embankment built within the ISMOP project (Information Technology System of Levee Monitoring) was subjected to continuous monitoring based on built-in measuring sensors. The results of geodetic monitoring used for observation of earth-filled flood embankment subjected to external loads are presented in the paper. The tests were carried out on an experimental flood embankment forming a closed artificial water reservoir. The observations were carried out for two purposes. The first was long-term monitoring, which was aimed to determine the behaviour of the newly built embankment. The second purpose was to check the reaction of the levee to the simulated flood wave, caused by filling and draining the reservoir. In order to monitor the displacements of the earth-filled embankment, it was necessary to develop the proper methodology. For the needs of research works, an appropriate network of 5 reference points and 48 survey markers has been designed and established. The periodic measurements were carried out using precise robotic total station. The stability of the reference frame was each time checked and displacements of survey markers were determined based on it. The final results allow to reveal the reaction of levee to external loads. The displacement values were referred to the course of the filling and draining experiment to indicate the relationship between them. In the field of long-term monitoring the results clearly imply the dominance of displacements outside the reservoir for points located on the embankment, in contrast to points on the crest and foreground, which do not show significant movements. On the other hand, in the field of testing the embankment reaction to the flood wave, obtaining reliable results was possible thanks to high-accuracy geodetic measurements. Small displacement values, often at the level of their determination errors, were averaged for groups of points with the same height of foundation. A sizable number of points allows to perceive some tendencies and the relation between embankment soaking and its movement directions can be noticed. During periods when the levee was still saturated with water, slight movements outside the reservoir were revealed. On the other hand, the following period of drying caused movement in the opposite direction.