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EN
This paper considers reasonable bandwidth allocation for multiclass services in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, measures the satisfaction of each peer as a customer by a utility function when acquiring one service, and develops an optimization model for bandwidth allocation with the objective of utility maximization. Elastic services with concave utilities are first considered and the exact expression of optimal bandwidth allocation for each peer is deduced. In order to obtain an optimum in distributed P2P networks, we develop a gradient-based bandwidth allocation scheme and illustrate the performance with numerical examples. Then we investigate bandwidth allocation for inelastic services with sigmoidal utilities, which is a nonconvex optimization problem. In order to solve it, we analyze provider capacity provisioning for bandwidth allocation of inelastic services and modify the update rule for prices that service customers should pay. Numerical examples are finally given to illustrate that the improved scheme can also efficiently converge to the global optimum.
EN
Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks offer a cost-effective and easily deployable framework for sharing content. However, P2P file-sharing applications face a fundamental problem of unfairness. Pricing is regarded as an effective way to provide incentives to peers to cooperate. In this paper we propose a pricing scheme to achieve reasonable resource allocation in P2P file-sharing networks, and give an interpretation for the utility maximization problem and its sub-problems from an economic point of view. We also deduce the exact expression of optimal resource allocation for each peer, and confirm it with both simulation and optimization software. In order to realize the optimum in a decentralized architecture, we present a novel price-based algorithm and discuss its stability based on Lyapunov stability theory. Simulation results confirm that the proposed algorithm can attain an optimum within reasonable convergence times.
3
Content available remote Architektura gridu bazodanowego oparta o podejście peer-to-peer
PL
W artykule autorzy przedstawiają zaimpłementowane i zweryfikowane poprzez w pełni funkcjonalny prototyp, podejście do realizacji obiektowego gridu bazodanowego przy wykorzystaniu wirtualnej sieci peer-to-peer omawiając szczegółowo najważniejszy element mechanizmu jakim jest proces integracji rozproszonych obiektów. W artykule przeprowadzono gruntowną analizę rozwiązań będących fundamentalnym zbiorem wiedzy na temat integracji danych. Zaprezentowano trójwarstwowy model intagracyjny oparty o aktualizowalne obiektowe perspektywy oraz prototyp gridowej warstwy pośredniej wykorzystującej sieć wirtualną peer-to-peer.
EN
In the article authors present an approach for realisation of object-oriented database grid using virtual peer-to-peer networking. The approach has been verified by implementation of fully functional prototype. The article shows in details a process for integration of distributed objects which is provided by the core mechanism of the prototype. Authors also described three-layer integration model based on obiect-oriented updateable views and middleware prototype containing mentioned peer-to-peer solution. Moreover the article contains analysis of solutions being the fundamental knowledge about integration of data.
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